8 research outputs found
Message Recovery Attack in NTRU through VFK Lattices
In the present paper, we implement a message recovery attack to all variants
of the NTRU cryptosystem. Our approach involves a reduction from the
NTRU-lattice to a Voronoi First Kind lattice, enabling the application of a
polynomial CVP exact algorithm crucial for executing the Message Recovery. The
efficacy of our attack relies on a specific oracle that permits us to
approximate an unknown quantity. Furthermore, we outline the mathematical
conditions under which the attack is successful. Finally, we delve into a
well-established polynomial algorithm for CVP on VFK lattices and its
implementation, shedding light on its efficacy in our attack. Subsequently, we
present comprehensive experimental results on the NTRU-HPS and the NTRU-Prime
variants of the NIST submissions and propose a method that could indicate the
resistance of the NTRU cryptosystem to our attack
Ileocolonic-Targeted JAK Inhibitor: A Safer and More Effective Treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as tofacitinib (Xeljanz) and filgotinib (Jyseleca), have been approved for treatment of ulcerative colitis with several other JAK inhibitors in late-stage clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite their impressive efficacy, the risk of adverse effects accompanying the use of JAK inhibitors has brought the entire class under scrutiny, leading to them receiving an FDA black box warning. In this study we investigated whether ileocolonic-targeted delivery of a pan-JAK inhibitor, tofacitinib, can lead to increased tissue exposure and reduced systemic exposure compared to untargeted formulations. The stability of tofacitinib in the presence of rat colonic microbiota was first confirmed. Next, in vivo computed tomography imaging was performed in rats to determine the transit time and disintegration site of ileocolonic-targeted capsules compared to gastric release capsules. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that systemic drug exposure was significantly decreased, and colonic tissue exposure increased at 10 mg/kg tofacitinib dosed in ileocolonic-targeted capsules compared to gastric release capsules and an oral solution. Finally, in a rat model of LPS-induced colonic inflammation, targeted tofacitinib capsules significantly reduced concentrations of proinflammatory interleukin 6 in colonic tissue compared to a vehicle-treated control (p = 0.0408), unlike gastric release tofacitinib capsules and orally administered dexamethasone. Overall, these results support further development of ileocolonic-targeted tofacitinib, and potentially other specific JAK inhibitors in pre-clinical and clinical development, for the treatment of IBD
Total characters and Chebyshev polynomials
The total character Ď„ of a finite group G is defined as the sum of all the irreducible characters of G. K. W. Johnson asks when it is possible to express Ď„ as a polynomial with integer coefficients in a single irreducible character. In this paper, we give a complete answer to Johnson's question for all
finite dihedral groups. In particular, we show that, when such a polynomial exists, it is unique and it is the sum of certain Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind in any faithful irreducible character of the dihedral group G
Recent AWAKE Diagnostics Development and Operational Results
The Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE) at CERN investigates the Plasma-Wakefield acceleration of electrons driven by a relativistic proton bunch. After successfully demonstrating the acceleration process in the AWAKE Run 1, the experiment has now started the Run 2. The AWAKE Run 2 consists of several experimental periods that aim to demonstrate the feasibility of the AWAKE concept beyond the acceleration experiment, showing its feasibility as accelerator for particle physics application. As part of these developments, a dramatic effort in improving the AWAKE instrumentation is sustained. This contribution reports on the current developments of the instrumentation pool upgrade, including the digital camera system for transverse beam profile measurement, beam halo measurement and the spectrometer upgrade studies. The studies on the development of high-frequency beam position monitors are also described