Variable patterns of antioxidant protection but similar ethene emission differences in several ozone-sensitive and ozone-tolerant plant selections.

Six pairs of O3-sensitive and O3-tolerant cultivars, clones or populations of different plants (tobacco, plantain, clover, radish, poplar and loblolly pine) were taken through identical but short episodic exposures to O3 in a controlled-environment fumigation system. Emissions of ethene and concentrations of polyamines, total phenols and ascorbate as well as levels of reduced glutathione and ascorbate in fumigated and clean air controls were determined in these various cultivars, clones and populations. A large number of significant differences were detected between the various sensitive and tolerant pairs, but it is clear that different sequences of response involving these parameters occur in these various plant pairs to account for their individual O3 sensitivity or tolerance. Some O3-tolerant plants have increased polyamines, others total phenols and some appear to be able to form reduced ascorbate and glutathione more rapidly. In the case of ethene emissions, however, all O3-sensitive selections produce more ethene when fumigated while O3-tolerant ones either reduce their rates of emissions below those of clean air-grown controls or at least keep them at the same level

Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide (NRAES 75)

This 361 page publication (NRAES-75) was originally published by the Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service (NRAES, later known as the Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service), a multi-university program in the Northeast US disbanded in 2011. Plant and Life Sciences Publishing (PALS) was subsequently formed to manage the NRAES catalog. Ceasing operations in 2018, PALS was a program of the Department of Horticulture in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS) at Cornell University. PALS assisted university faculty in publishing, marketing and distributing books for small farmers, gardeners, land owners, workshops, college courses, and consumers.The tree fruit industry represents a complex agroecosystem that requires numerous management decisions in diverse areas in order to maintain profitability in an increasingly competitive global market. Wise decisions begin with a thorough knowledge of the various production components and an awareness of their status in the orchard. Monitoring is the tool for acquiring periodic information about the orchard situation so that timely decisions can be made and action can be taken. It seemed appropriate to assemble the collective expertise of numerous individuals into a regional guide for orchard monitoring because there are more similarities than differences in the production of tree fruits in the mid-Atlantic region. Our goal was to develop a user-friendly, multi-disciplinary guide for use by fruit growers, consultants, chemical field representatives, and research and extension personnel. This Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide is authored by 37 fruit researchers and extension specialists from land grant universities in Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia, as well as researchers from the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Authors for the various sections of the guide were selected by discipline chairs in entomology, plant pathology/ nematology and horticulture. Discipline chairs were responsible for collecting and assembling written material and photos from the authors for submission to the editor