Early echocardiographic alterations in cancer patients during chemotherapy

Aim. To evaluate the early manifestation of cardiotoxicity after the first course of multiagent chemotherapy (MAC) using echocardiography with an assessment of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS).Material and methods. The study included 49 cancer patients with elective MAC.Results. After the first administration of a therapeutic dose of chemotherapy, a decrease in LVEF ≥10 and GLS >15 was demonstrated in more than 6,1% of patients, as well as a subclinical decrease in LVEF ≥5% in 22,4% and a decrease in GLS ≥12% in 24,5%.Conclusion. In cancer patients, after the first course of chemotherapy, GLS dynamics should be assessed during echocardiography as a marker of myocardial dysfunction

Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for treatment in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: One-year comparative research

This study to assess the shot-term efficacy and safety of chronic bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). 54 consecutive patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease treated with bilateral stimulation of the STN were studied. Parkinsonian status was assessed preoperatively and at 1 years postoperatively using the UPDRS scale in on and off-medication conditions. At 1 years follow-up, STN stimulation reduced the UPDRS motor score by 52,3 % compared to baseline in the OFF-medication conditions. Tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural stability and gait (PIGD) improved by 63,9 %, 53,9 %, 46,8 %, 48,4%, respectively. UPDRS part II scores were reduced by 50,78 %. The overall dopaminergic drugs dose was reduced by 64,6 % after surgery. Our data demonstrate that: bilateral STN stimulation is relatively safe, improves the motor symptoms and drug-related motor complications of PD, and reduces the daily dosage of medication.Данное исследование посвящено оценке эффективности электростимуляции (ЭС) субталамического ядра (STN) на развернутой стадиях болезни Паркинсона (БП). Обследовано 54 пациента с идиопатинеской БП, которым была проведена ЭС STN. Состояние пациентов оценивалось через год с помощью шкалы UPDRS в ON- и OFF-периоде. ЭС STN уменьшила тяжесть двигательных нарушений по шкале UPDRS III на 52,3% по сравнению с дооперационным уровнем. Тремор, ригидность, брадикинезия, постуральные нарушения уменьшились на 63,9 %, 53,9 %, 46,8 %, 48,4% соответственно. Повседневная активность (UPDRS II) улучшилась в OFF-периоде на 50,78 %. Эквивалентная доза леводопы была уменьшена на 64,6 %. Данное исследование продемонстрировало улучшение двигательных симптомов, уменьшение выраженности осложнений фармакотерапии, а также дозы леводопы

Evidence-based principles of early diagnostics of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances in the internal disease practice

This review presents the World Health Organization (WHO) data on diabetes mellitus (DM) epidemiology, medical and social consequences, and economic losses due to DM complications. It is demonstrated that the diagnostics of early carbohydrate metabolism disturbances (ECMD) is an important component of Type 2 DM (DM-2) prevention. At the same time, it is known that ECMD are an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). At early stages of DM-2, metabolic disturbances precede first clinical manifestations of diabetes. The importance of early (preclinical) diagnostics of ECMD is emphasised. The authors present the results of meta-analyses and large studies on DM and prediabetes, which have clearly demonstrated that pathological hyperglycemia cannot be diagnosed based only on fasting glucose levels, as this would underestimate the actual prevalence of prediabetes. Relevant methods of early ECMD diagnostics are described

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH LEXICAL UNIT ВОЗДУХ/AIR/L’AIR IN RUSSIAN, ENGLISH AND FRENCH

The perception and interpretation of the realia surrounding us is different among the representatives of different nations of the world. It manifests itself very clearly in phraseological units of the language as idioms accumulate the knowledge of the people and reflect culture, history, wisdom, beliefs, customs and traditions of the certain ethnic group. Comparative syntactic and grammatical analysis of phraseological units with the word воздух/air/l'air in the Russian, English and French languages represented in the article can reveal some aspects of the national mindset, linguistic and cultural peculiarities of the three nationalities

SCHOOL OF HEALTH FOR PATIENTS WITH CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASES: BALANCE BETWEEN ANDRAGOGIC AND PEDAGOGIC EDUCATIONAL MODELS

Problems of educational programs for patients with cardio-vascular diseases in schools of health are discussed. Comparison of andragogic (adult education) and pedagogic education models are analyzed. The pedagogic education model is currently dominating in school of health. To increase of education efficacy in school of health implementation of andragogic principles is recommended. </p

EFFECT OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY ON METABOLIC PROFILE AND ERECTILE FUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE MEN WITH HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: FOCUS ON THE COMBINATION OF LISINOPRIL AND AMLODIPINE

Aim. To study the antihypertensive and metabolic effects of lisinopril plus amlodipine combination in hypertensive men with high cardiovascular risk.Materials and methods. Hypertensive men (n=21) with high cardiovascular risk (SCORE scale &gt;5%) aged 30-59 y.o. were included in the study. Questionnaire survey, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate measuring, anthropometric studies, evaluation of the plasma lipid profile, uric acid level and glucose tolerance test were performed at baseline and at the end of the study. Erectile function was assessed by International index of erectile function (IIEF) score. After the cancellation of previous antihypertensive drugs patients were prescribed lisinopril 10 mg QD and amlodipine 5 mg QD. The duration of the study was 6 months.Results. In 4 weeks of the treatment systolic and diastolic BP decreased by 9.3 and 5.2%, and in 24 weeks – by 14.7 and 7.2% respectively (p&lt;0.05). Target BP levels were achieved in 85% of patients. Antihypertensive therapy during 6 months had no significant effect on the plasma lipid profile, glucose and uric acid levels. The mild to moderate-mild erectile dysfunction were detected in 35% of men before therapy. Erectile function indices in hypertensive men with high cardiovascular risk had not changed during combined antihypertensive therapy.Conclusion. Antihypertensive therapy with lisinopril and amlodipine in hypertensive men with high cardiovascular risk during 6 months led to a statistically significant reduction of BP level without affect plasma lipid profile, glucose and uric acid levels as well as erectile function

THE REVIEW OF RUSSIAN PUBLICATIONS DURING THE YEARS 2010-2014. THE USE OF SCOPUS DATABASE FOR THE EVALUATION SPEED INTEGRATING INTO WORLDWIDE SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY

The article focuses on the descriptive analysis of structure and dynamics of publication activity of Russian authors in medicine in the international database Scopus in 2010-2014 yy. The increase was noted of international collaboration and orientation to publishing in Englishlanguage international magazines that makes to expect further improvement of indicating values that are in use in Federal system of efficacy and results of scientific institution evaluation. The descriptive approach that has been used can be applied for the articles investigation in any area and for governing decisions for planning of scientific investigations

HYPOANDROGEN CONDITION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: ACTUAL QUESTIONS OF COMORBIDITY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

The correlation of age-dependent reduction in sex hormones level and changes of cardiovascular system in men was shown recently. High prevalence and various clinical features of age-dependent hypogonadism demands to know diagnostics and management of patients with these disorders. Up to date data about changes of cardiovascular system related to androgen hormone levels reduction are presented. They should help in understanding of pathogenesis of many metabolic and clinical changes. Active attention to the problem of age-dependent hypogonadism, knowledge of organism functions in men with low androgen levels will help to optimize treatment, to avoid of mistakes in patient management, to reduce a risk of severe diseases and finally to improve quality of life and life expectancy of these patients

Could erectile dysfunction be a marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease?

The paper is focused on erectile dysfunction (ED) as an inter-disciplinary problem. The detailed analysis of relevant clinical trials and meta-analyses is performed, demonstrating a causal relationship between ED and coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemias, and diabetes mellitus. The role of common cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors (RFs) in ED development, as well as a shared, endothelial dysfunction-related pathogenetic mechanism of CVD, is discussed. The prevalence of ED and androgen deficiency, together with their link to metabolic syndrome (MS), is presented. It is shown that ED could be regarded as CVD predictor, and that early diagnostics of the RFs common for CVD and ED can be used for risk prediction and identification of highrisk groups. Since metabolic RFs are common for CVD, ED, and androgen deficiency, further research in this area may facilitate more efficient approaches to prevention and treatment of these diseases