Mode coupling control in a resonant device: application to solid-state ring lasers

A theoretical and experimental investigation of the effects of mode coupling in a resonant macro- scopic quantum device is achieved in the case of a ring laser. In particular, we show both analytically and experimentally that such a device can be used as a rotation sensor provided the effects of mode coupling are controlled, for example through the use of an additional coupling. A possible general- ization of this example to the case of another resonant macroscopic quantum device is discussed

Oscillation regimes of a solid-state ring laser with active beat note stabilization : from a chaotic device to a ring laser gyroscope

We report experimental and theoretical study of a rotating diode-pumped Nd-YAG ring laser with active beat note stabilization. Our experimental setup is described in the usual Maxwell-Bloch formalism. We analytically derive a stability condition and some frequency response characteristics for the solid-state ring laser gyroscope, illustrating the important role of mode coupling effects on the dynamics of such a device. Experimental data are presented and compared with the theory on the basis of realistic laser parameters, showing a very good agreement. Our results illustrate the duality between the very rich non linear dynamics of the diode-pumped solid-state ring laser (including chaotic behavior) and the possibility to obtain a very stable beat note, resulting in a potentially new kind of rotation sensor

LeishVet update and recommendations on feline leishmaniosis

Limited data is available on feline leishmaniosis (FeL) caused by Leishmania infantum worldwide. The LeishVet group presents in this report a review of the current knowledge on FeL, the epidemiological role of the cat in L. infantum infection, clinical manifestations, and recommendations on diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, prognosis and prevention of infection, in order to standardize the management of this disease in cats. The consensus of opinions and recommendations was formulated by combining a comprehensive review of evidence-based studies and case reports, clinical experience and critical consensus discussions. While subclinical feline infections are common in areas endemic for canine leishmaniosis, clinical illness due to L. infantum in cats is rare. The prevalence rates of feline infection with L. infantum in serological or molecular-based surveys range from 0 % to more than 60 %. Cats are able to infect sand flies and, therefore, they may act as a secondary reservoir, with dogs being the primary natural reservoir. The most common clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities compatible with FeL include lymph node enlargement and skin lesions such as ulcerative, exfoliative, crusting or nodular dermatitis (mainly on the head or distal limbs), ocular lesions (mainly uveitis), feline chronic gingivostomatitis syndrome, mucocutaneous ulcerative or nodular lesions, hypergammaglobulinaemia and mild normocytic normochromic anaemia. Clinical illness is frequently associated with impaired immunocompetence, as in case of retroviral coinfections or immunosuppressive therapy. Diagnosis is based on serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cytology, histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) or culture. If serological testing is negative or low positive in a cat with clinical signs compatible with FeL, the diagnosis of leishmaniosis should not be excluded and additional diagnostic methods (cytology, histology with IHC, PCR, culture) should be employed. The most common treatment used is allopurinol. Meglumine antimoniate has been administered in very few reported cases. Both drugs are administered alone and most cats recover clinically after therapy. Follow-up of treated cats with routine laboratory tests, serology and PCR is essential for prevention of clinical relapses. Specific preventative measures for this infection in cats are currently not available

Protéolyse in vitro de caséine et de gluten par les enzymes pancréatiques

International audienc

INHIBITION DE LA PROTÉOLYSE PEPSIQUE IN VITRO PAR LE BLÉ. RÔLE DE L'ACIDE PHYTIQUE DES ISSUES

International audienc

Influence of neurological levels on muscular power developed by arm and shoulder in wheelchair sportmen

International audienceAn increasing amount of research is focused on the functional future of subjects with spinal cord injuries. In addition to studies on metabolic responses and wheelchair propulsion techniques, these studies have been aimed at defining and preventing traumatisms in paraplegic wheelchair sportsmen. Two groups of 6 paraplegic sportsmen with different neurological levels (HPS and LPS) and 1 group of 6 valid sportsmen (VS) underwent isokinetic evaluation of muscular power developed by the shoulder. The flexion-abduction / extension-adduction for concentric-concentric contraction were carried out at 3 speeds, 60°/sec, 120°/sec and 210°/sec on the right side and the left side. We studied work and power parameters and completed this analysis by determination of agonist / antagonist ratios for shoulder muscles. The results of the isokinetic evaluation demonstrated that:- wheelchair sportsmen with neurological levels inferior to T 10 (LPS), thus with abdominal muscle and stabilization capacities in the sitting position, showed better and significantly different torque and power (HPS) and valid sportsmen (VS) (p<0.001).- the neurological level had an effect on isokinetic power developed by the scapular belt and also wheelchair propulsion modified the torque produced. The comparaison between HPS and LPS during extension movements showed significant differences in maximal work per repetition (p<0.001), total work (p<0.001) and power (p<0.01).- wheelchair propulsion led to specific development of muscular capacities and power, only for wheelchair sportsmen with balance and stabilization capacities in the sitting position.- for the agonist / antagonist ratio, the three parameters of maximal work per repetition, total work and power, often showed agonist / antagonist ratios between 30% and 40% and even more than 30% in our test conditions. Similar ratios were noted for the 3 groups of subjects, thus representing an imbalance in the agonist muscle masses of the shoulder. This may be one factor in traumatism and pain. We consider that further studies, involving other functional parameters, are necessary to define behavioural capacities and prevention factors relative to wheelchair sports activities

Optical data self-routing using address decoding

We present an optoelectronic self-routing packet switch for digital data commutation applications. The routing of the input data is determined by the optical decoding of the destination address coded in the packet header preceding the data bits. As proof of the operating principle, a one input 64 output demonstration system was built. The experiment is based on the association of two $8 \times 8$ arrays of GaAs/GaAlAs multiple quantum well electro-optical modulators and optical bistable devices. We have demonstrated the optical address decoding in our first experiments by operating individually the channels of the set-up.Nous présentons un autocommutateur optoélectronique pour signaux numériques organisés en paquets de bits. Le routage des paquets entrant dans le commutateur est déterminé par le décodage optique de l'adresse de destination présente dans l'en-tête de chaque paquet. Pour valider ce principe, un système démonstrateur de commutation d'une voie d'entrée vers 64 voies de sortie a été construit. L'expérience est basée sur l'association d'une matrice de $8 \times 8$ modulateurs électro-optiques et d'un composant bistable optique à structure de puits quantiques multiples en GaAs/GaAlAs. L'opération de décodage d'adresses a été montrée par nos premières expériences sur les voies du système prises une par une