Ispitivanje dejstva persirćetne kiseline na lipidnu komponentu bakterijskih spora i doprinos standardizaciji testa za ocenu efikasnosti

The aim of this research was to contribute to a more detailed insight in the action of peroxygen disinfectants based on peroxoacetic acid (PAA), on lipid components of sporogenic forms of microorganisms. Sporogenic forms are recognized to be significantly more resistant in comparison to vegetative forms. Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10480 where chosen as referent bacterial sporogenic strains used to investigate the acting mechanism of PAA. After treatment of the above mentioned bacterial strains with PAA, fatty acids have been isolated from untreated and treated spores and consequent changes in the lipid component were analyzed. The obtained methyl-esters of fatty acids (MEFA) were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), using a standard of bacterial MEFA. Results confirmed that after treatment, in Bacillus cereus certain quantitative changes occurred, which included the decrease in quantity of fatty acids with 16 and 17 carbon atoms, i.e. 16:0, 16:1, /so 17:0 and anteiso 17:0. At the same time, in B. Subtilis the significant decrease in quantity of fatty acids with 15 and 17 carbon atoms occurred, i.e. anteiso 15:0 and anteiso 17:0.Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se stekne potpuniji uvid u dejstvo peroksigenih dezinfektanata na bazi peroksosircetne kiseline (u daljem tekstu: PSK) na lipidnu komponentu sporogenih formi mikroorganizama, za koje je poznato da pokazuju veću otpornost od vegetativnih oblika. Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 i Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10480 su odabrani kao referentni sojevi - bioindikatori, na kojima je ispitivano delovanje PSK (nakon formiranja spora). Nakon tretmana spora pomenutih bakterijskih sojeva sa PSK, izolovane su masne kiseline iz netretiranih i tretiranih spora i analizirane su promene u lipidnoj komponenti. Dobijeni metil-estri masnih kiselina (MEMK) analizirani su pomoću gasne hromatografije i masene spektrometrije (GC/MS) uz poređenje sa standardom bakterijskih MEMK. Dobijeni rezultati su ukazali da je kod B. cereus ATCC 11778 nakon tretmana došlo do kvantitativne promene odnosno smanjenja količine masnih kiselina sa 16 i 17 Catoma, odnosno 16:0,16:1, ante/so 17:0,/so 17:0. Kod B. subtilis NCTC 10480 došlo je do značajnog smanjenja količine masnih kiselina sa 15 i 17 C atoma, odnosno anteiso 15:0 i anteiso 17:0

How much are children and their parents objective about the children's eating behaviour and body composition?

The primary objective of our research was to investigate the nutritional status in Belgrade schoolchildren (aged 12-15). The second objective was to compare the children and parents view about the children nutritional status. The study was carried out in two phases: (a) questionnaires for children and parents (questionnaire-c and questionnaire-p) were administrated; (b) anthropometrical measurement was conducted among children. There were 2263 participants, randomly chosen from seven Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro) primary schools. At the end of the study, 1555 children completed the questionnaires and had been measured. According to our results, there were 18.1% boys and 11.3% girls who were overweight/obese. Children were more objective in estimating their nutritional status than their parents. Although the participants were offered free counselling, low response rate of only 4.71% was achieved, suggesting that parents should take an active and unbiased role in children's nutritional education. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association

Plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid fatty acids composition in serbian hemodialyzed patients

Dyslipidemia is one of the possible risk factors for advanced atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure. Abnormal phospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with renal failure. The aim of this study was to determine specific characteristics of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid content and fatty acid composition in 37 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (HD). The results were compared with the characteristics of healthy subjects. Briefly, plasma triglyceride (p lt 0.001), total cholesterol (p lt 0.05), and total phospholipids (p lt 0.01) levels were significantly higher and HDL-cholesterol level significantly lower (p lt 0.01) in HD patients. Plasma phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine concentration were significantly higher (p lt 0.001) in HD patients. The plasma phospholipid fatty acids composition indicated significantly (p lt 0.01) higher level of oleic (18:1 n-9) and lower levels of eicopentaenoic (20:5 n-3 EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3 DHA) acids (p lt 0.05). However, in HD patients, the relative concentration of plasma phospholipid n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was significantly lower (p lt 0.05). The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phospholipid in HD patients was modified with EPA and DHA levels significantly lowered (p lt 0.05). Our results demonstrate an abnormal phospholipid metabolism and deficiency of n-3 PUFA in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids in hemodialyzed patients

Possible mechanism of acute effect of ethanol on intestinal IgA expression in rat

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of acute effect of ethanol on IgA expression in rat intestine. To this end, adult female Wistar rats showing diestrus day I were treated with (a) ethanol (2 or 4 g/kg, i.p.); (b) N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), which inhibits the activity of all isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, (30 mg/kg, s.c.) followed by ethanol 3 h later-, and (C) L-NAME (30 mg/kg, s.c.) followed by saline 3 h later. Saline-injected and untreated rats were used as controls. The animals were sacrificed 0.5 h after ethanol administration. Intestinal expression of IgA was evaluated by both immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Morphometric analysis showed that acute ethanol treatment increased the number of IgA-immunoreactive cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with L-NAME abolished this action of alcohol. Injection of L-NAME followed by saline had no influence on the number of IgA+cells. The results, obtained by Western immunoblotting, paralleled our immunohistochemical findings. Taken together, these data suggest that acute effect of ethanol on intestinal IgA might be mediated by endogenous nitric oxide

Marginal Gaps between 2 Calcium Silicate and Glass Ionomer Cements and Apical Root Dentin

Introduction: The outcome of periapical surgery has been directly improved with the introduction of novel material formulations. The aim of the study was to compare the retrograde obturation quality of the following materials: calcium silicate (Biodentine; Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses, France), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA+; Cerkamed Company, Stalowa Wola, Poland), and glass ionomer cement (Fuji IX; GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Methods: Materials' wettability was calculated concerning the contact angles of the cements measured using a glycerol drop. Cements' porosity was determined using mercury intrusion porosimetry and micro computed tomographic (mu CT) imaging. Extracted upper human incisors were retrofilled, and mu CT analysis was applied to calculate the volume of the gap between the retrograde filling material and root canal dentin. Experiments were performed before and after soaking the materials in simulated body fluid (SBF). Results: No statistically significant differences were found among the contact angles of the studied materials after being soaked in SBF. The material with the lowest nanoporosity (Fuji IX: 2.99% and 4.17% before and after SBF, respectively) showed the highest values of microporosity (4.2% and 3.1% before and after SBF, respectively). Biodentine had the lowest value of microporosity (1.2% and 0.8% before and after SBF, respectively) and the lowest value of microgap to the root canal wall ({[}10 +/- 30] x 10(-3) mm(3)). Conclusions: Biodentine and MTA possess certain advantages over Fuji IX for hermetic obturation of retrograde root canals. Biodentine shows a tendency toward the lowest marginal gap at the cement-to-dentin interface

Effects of soybean D-LeciVita product on serum lipids and fatty acid composition in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia

Background and aim: Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular complication in diabetes. High intake of soy product has been suggested to prevent cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if dietary supplement of soybean D-LeciVita product, rich in polyunsaturated phospholipids (with 12% lecithin, 35% soy protein) affects serum lipids and serum and erythrocyte phospholipid fatty acid composition in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods and results: Forty-seven patients (men and post-menopausal women) with isolated hypertriglyceridemia (IHTG) and combined hyperlipidemia (CHL), aged 4370 years, were given 15 g of D-LeciVita powder as a water suspension in a single evening dose during the follow-up period of 12 weeks. Patients kept their diabetic diet relatively constant. Treatment was associated with a significant (p lt = 0.001) decrease in serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels by 12% and 22%, respectively. LDL-chotesterol decreased by 16% and HDL-cholesterol increased by 11% (p lt = 0.001). Our study shows a 27% decrease in LDL-cholesterol (p lt = 0.001) and a 12% increase in HDL-cholesterol (p lt = 0.01) in CHL type 2 diabetic patients. Triglyceride levels decreased in type 2 diabetic patients with IHTG and CHL by 29% and 13%, respectively (p lt = 0.01 and p lt = 0.05). Our results show decrease in SFA and increase in n-6 and n-3 PUFA in serum and erythrocyte phospholipids. SFA decreased and n-3 PUFA increased in serum and erythrocyte phospholipids in IHTG and CHL groups. Conclusion: The present study indicated that added to a regular diet, soybean D-LeciVita product (combination of soy protein and lecithin) is associated not only with lipid-lowering effects but also with more favorable serum phospholipids fatty acid profile in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. (C ) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved