Criação e validação de uma escala de auto-eficácia alimentar

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Adequação Nutricional em Crianças Subnutridas dos 6 aos 59 Meses, em Cantagalo (São Tomé e Príncipe)

OBJETIVOS: Conhecer as diferenças entre o aporte energético e de macronutrientes e as recomendações nutricionais em crianças subnutridas dos 6 aos 59 meses, no distrito de Cantagalo, em São Tomé e Príncipe. Estudar a relação entre a adequação da ingestão e o tipo e grau de subnutrição, idade, amamentação e dificuldade de acesso a comida suficiente reportada pelo cuidador da criança. METODOLOGIA: Neste estudo descritivo inquiriram-se cuidadores de 118 crianças entre os 6 e os 59 meses. Foram recolhidos dados antropométricos e sociodemográficos e foi feito um inquérito às 24 horas anteriores para avaliar o aporte energético e de macronutrientes. Determinou-se a adequação nutricional pela comparação com as Dietary Reference Intake (crianças não amamentadas) e com as recomendações definidas por Dewey e Brown (para as amamentadas).RESULTADOS: Da amostra de crianças subnutridas, 72,9%, 59,3% e 74,6% apresentou aportes inferiores às recomendações em termos de energia, hidratos de carbono e lípidos, respetivamente. Apenas 14,4% apresentou aporte proteico inferior ao de referência. As crianças mais velhas e as não amamentadas tenderam a apresentar-se mais afastadas das recomendações. As crianças com subnutrição crónica moderada, comparativamente às que tinham subnutrição crónica severa, apresentaram maior prevalência de aporte energético inferior às recomendações, mas não se verificaram diferenças relativamente aos macronutrientes. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria das crianças subnutridas avaliadas não atinge as recomendações energéticas e de macronutrientes, à exceção das proteínas. Esta situação é mais grave em crianças mais velhas e crianças não amamentadasINTRODUCTION: Undernutrition in children is considered a public health issue, especially in developing countries, and its relation to an inadequate dietary intake is highly recognized. The lack of data concerning to São Tomé e Príncipe in this area makes it imperious to evaluate these childrens nutritional adequacy and to do more similar studies.OBJECTIVES: To know the differences between energetic and macronutrient intake and nutritional recommendations in undernourished children from 6 to 59 months of age in Cantagalo, São Tomé e Príncipe. To assess the relationship between nutritional adequacy and undernutrition type and severity, age, breastfeeding and reported difficulties in access to enough food.METHODOLOGY: In this descriptive study, a survey was applied to 118 caregivers of children from 6 to 59 months of age. Anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected and a 24 hour recall was applied to assess childrens energy and macronutrient intake. Nutritional adequacy was determined by comparison with the DRI (non-breastfed children) and Dewey and Browns recommendations (for breastfed children).RESULTS: From the sample of undernourished children, 72.9%, 59.3% and 74.6% presented values below the recommendations for energy, carbohydrates and lipids, respectively. For protein, only 14.4% were below the reference values. Older and non-breastfed children tended to be out of the recommendation. Children with moderate chronic undernutrition, comparatively to those with severe chronic undernutrition, showed a higher prevalence of energetic intake inferior to recommendations, but no significant differences were found in terms of macronutrients. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the evaluated undernourished children do not reach energetic and macronutrient recommendations, with protein being an exception. This is worse for older and non-breastfed children

Evolução do Índice de Massa Corporal de mulheres submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica no período pré e pós-operatório - Um estudo retrospetivo

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Comportamento alimentar em estudantes do ensino superior: O efeito da desejabilidade social

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Padrões de comportamento alimentar e IMC em estudantes do ensino superior

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Resultados do questionário piloto - Conhecimentos da grávida sobre alimentação no período gravidez-aleitamento e a saúde futura do seu filho

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Caraterização qualitativa dos lanches escolares em crianças dos 3 aos 6 anos em 3 escolas do concelho da Trofa

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Barreiras ao cumprimento de um plano alimentar: O que mudou

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Viés de género na medicina

Gender bias consists in different practices for men and women. It has been suggested that gender biases in medicine occur at various levels, reflected in the way gender issues are included in medical curricula, equity between sexes in academic course and professional career, research and scientific publications, definition of pathologies, clinical practice and health policies. A review of the literature about gender bias in medicine was carried out, particularly in terms of reseach and clinical practice. The available evidence on this phenomenon and its effects is discussed, and proposals to its reduction are presented. There is a large body of scientific evidence on the existence of gender biases in medicine, leading mostly to greater inadequacy of clinical care provided to female patients. The proposals of several authors may contribute to the reduction of these effects and, consequently, to greater acuity of research and better adequacy of health care. In addition to the larger study of gender bias, we emphasize social, political and educational measures, the regard of participants' sex in the design of clinical trials and the inclusion of the study of gender theories and discussion of attitudes about gender in academic curricula.Gender bias consists in different practices for men and women. It has been suggested that gender biases in medicine occur at various levels, reflected in the way gender issues are included in medical curricula, equity between sexes in academic course and professional career, research and scientific publications, definition of pathologies, clinical practice and health policies. A review of the literature about gender bias in medicine was carried out, particularly in terms of reseach and clinical practice. The available evidence on this phenomenon and its effects is discussed, and proposals to its reduction are presented. There is a large body of scientific evidence on the existence of gender biases in medicine, leading mostly to greater inadequacy of clinical care provided to female patients. The proposals of several authors may contribute to the reduction of these effects and, consequently, to greater acuity of research and better adequacy of health care. In addition to the larger study of gender bias, we emphasize social, political and educational measures, the regard of participants' sex in the design of clinical trials and the inclusion of the study of gender theories and discussion of attitudes about gender in academic curricula