Automatic muscle elongation measurement during shoulder arthroplasty planning

Adequate deltoid and rotator cuff lengthening in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is crucial to maximize the postoperative functional outcome and to avoid complications (La¨dermann et al., 2014). Hence surgeons and patients could benefit from including muscle length information in preoperative planning software. Although different methods have been introduced to automatically indicate patient-specific muscle attachment and wrapping points (Kaptein & van der Helm, 2004; Marra et al., 2015), the definition of a fast and accurate workflow is still a challenge, due to the large variability in bone shapes. Statistical shape modelling (SSM) has recently been used to automatically indicate landmark on target bones (Plessers et al., 2018). This method is less dependent on shape variability and could overcome the aforementioned limitation in accuracy. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop and evaluate the accuracy of a novel automatic method for measuring deltoid and rotator cuff elongation during preoperative planning of shoulder arthroplasty, based on a statistical shape modelling approach

The role of partial oxygen pressure on the viscosity and the inclusion separation capacity of slags during secondary steelmaking

status: publishe

Methods for the characterization of redox state of cullet and batches in glass manufacturing

Many of the final properties of a glass product, such as colour or the presence of cords, are determined, in part by the redox state of the batch or cullet used to make it. Redox state will also affect the fining and foaming behaviour of the molten glass in the furnace. This article examines and compares the methods available for assessing redox state of batch and cullet

Measurement of ladle slag oxygen activity using electrochemical sensor

The oxygen activity of the ladle slag may be measured in situ with an electrochemical sensor. The measurement principle of this sensor needs further clarification. An experimental and computational study has been carried out of the contribution of specific components to the oxygen activity of the slag and of the factors that influence oxygen activity measurement with the sensor. Experiments on an industrial and on a laboratory scale show that FeOx, SiO2 and MnO exert a measurable influence on the results. The measurements also show a marked influence of the dissolved oxygen content in the steel. The oxygen activity of the slags has been calculated thermodynamically and compared with the sensor measurements. A systematic difference is observed. A hypothesis on the working principle of the sensor and on the cause of occasional problematic measurement values is proposed.status: publishe