7,335 research outputs found
Reply to ``Comment on `Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay in the electroweak chiral gauge extensions' ''
We demonstrate that in the process of deducing the constraint on the
electroweak mixing angle in our paper, we have indeed been working
with three mass scales while implementing (331) model.Comment: Revtex, 3pages, Reply to hep-ph/9902448, Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Intensification of the freeze drying process by the control of both freezing and primary drying steps
The problem of optimization of freeze-drying cycles is addressed, with emphasis in both freezing and primary drying steps. In particular, this study shows that the control of the nucleation event produces more uniform batches (as ice nucleation is induced in all the vials of batch almost at the same time and temperature) and allows a marked reduction in the duration of the optimized cycle (if compared to cycles carried out with conventional stochastic nucleation
Continuous manufacturing of lyophilized products: Why and how to make it happen
This paper deals with the problem of continuous lyophilization of pharmaceutical products, focusing on those concepts that are of greatest interest and most likely to be successful once applied in industrial practice. Also, it discusses all those factors that slow down the transition from batch to continuous in the pharmaceutical industry, and what actions may accelerate this transformation
The ice-water interface and protein stability: a review
The ice-water interface is commonly encountered in our life, and comes into play in a wide number of natural phenomena. Here, attention will be focused on its effects on protein stability, with specific reference to the case of pharmaceutical proteins. This field represents a fascinating, and not yet fully understood, subject of investigation. Some background information on the ice-water phase diagram, as well as to the mechanisms of nucleation and crystal growth, will be provided. We will eventually discuss the effect of ice on protein activity, reviewing the mechanisms of ice-induced denaturation that have been proposed so far and discussing the strategies that may help prevent, or minimize, undesired loss of therapeutic activity
Dijet imbalance in hadronic collisions
The imbalance of dijets produced in hadronic collisions has been used to
extract the average transverse momentum of partons inside the hadrons. In this
paper we discuss new contributions to the dijet imbalance that could complicate
or even hamper this extraction. They are due to polarization of initial state
partons inside unpolarized hadrons that can arise in the presence of nonzero
parton transverse momentum. Transversely polarized quarks and linearly
polarized gluons produce specific azimuthal dependences of the two jets that in
principle are not suppressed. Their effects cannot be isolated just by looking
at the angular deviation from the back-to-back situation, rather they enter jet
broadening observables. In this way they directly affect the extraction of the
average transverse momentum of unpolarized partons that is thought to be
extracted. We discuss appropriately weighted cross sections to isolate the
additional contributions.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures; revised version, published in Phys. Rev.
Removing beam asymmetry bias in precision CMB temperature and polarisation experiments
Asymmetric beams can create significant bias in estimates of the power
spectra from CMB experiments. With the temperature power spectrum many orders
of magnitude stronger than the B-mode power spectrum any systematic error that
couples the two must be carefully controlled and/or removed. Here, we derive
unbiased estimators for the CMB temperature and polarisation power spectra
taking into account general beams and general scan strategies. A simple
consequence of asymmetric beams is that, even with an ideal scan strategy where
every sky pixel is seen at every orientation, there will be residual coupling
from temperature power to B-mode power if the orientation of the beam asymmetry
is not aligned with the orientation of the co-polarisation. We test our
correction algorithm on simulations of two temperature-only experiments and
demonstrate that it is unbiased. The simulated experiments use realistic scan
strategies, noise levels and highly asymmetric beams. We also develop a
map-making algorithm that is capable of removing beam asymmetry bias at the map
level. We demonstrate its implementation using simulations and show that it is
capable of accurately correcting both temperature and polarisation maps for all
of the effects of beam asymmetry including the effects of temperature to
polarisation leakage.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure
Leptons masses in an Gauge Model
The model of Pisano and Pleitez
extends the Standard Model in a particularly nice way, so that for example the
anomalies cancel only when the number of generations is divisible by three. The
original version of the model has some problems accounting for the lepton
masses. We resolve this problem by modifying the details of the symmetry
breaking sector in the model.Comment: Latex, 7 pages revised version of preprint McGill/92-31 (We have
corrected some typos and expanded the explanation of the Higgs potential
analysis and introduced discrete symmetries which assure that neutrinos
remain massless.
Minimal extended flavor groups, matter fields chiral representations, and the flavor question
We show the specific unusual features on chiral gauge anomalies cancellation
in the minimal, necessarily 3-3-1, and the largest
3-4-1 weak isospin chiral gauge semisimple group leptoquark-bilepton
extensions of the 3-2-1 conventional standard model of nuclear and
electromagnetic interactions. In such models a natural explanation for the
fundamental question of fermion generation replication arises from the
self-consistency of a local gauge quantum field theory, which constrains the
number of the
QFD fermion families to the QCD color charges.Comment: 10 pages. <[email protected]
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