Differences between social engineering and socio-cultural design

This article aims to show the differences between social engineering and socio-cultural design both i

The methodological value of the concept "text" for the analysis of the communicative space of the city

City is always a palimpsest: a heterogeneous continuum consisting of numerous realities. The innovativeness of urban environment, the generation of new text appears in the endless interpretation of the semiotics of the city by different actors of the communicative space. The "frozen text" of the city turns into intertext that can be analyzed using the principles of "textual analysis" of Roland Barthes. Perception and interpretation of the semiotics of the city is in the form of cognitive models which are personal and social schemas that appear depending on the situation in the course of development and appropriation of the semiotics of urban environment by subjects of the city's communicative space. Cognitive models as products of discursive practices are generating structures of new topoi of the space of the city. Keywords: Urban text; communicative space of city; palimpsest; intertext; discursive practices; cognitive model of environment

Monoclinic form I of clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate from powder diffraction data

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C16H17ClNO2S+·HSO4 −, (I) [systematic name: (+)-(S)-5-[(2-chloro­phen­yl)(meth­oxy­carbon­yl)meth­yl]-4,5,6,7-tetra­hydro­thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5-ium hydrogen sulfate], contains two independent cations of clopidogrel and two independent hydrogensulfate anions. The two independent cations are of similar conformation; however, this differs from that observed in ortho­rhom­bic form (II) [Bousquet et al. (2003 ▶). US Patent No. 6 504 030]. The H—N—Cchiral—H fragment shows a trans conformation in both independent cations in (I) and a gauche conformation in (II). In (I), classical inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link two independent cations and two independent anions into an isolated cluster, in which two cations inter­act with one anion only via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds further consolidate the crystal packing