Slow viscoelastic flow in tilted troughs

In viscoelastic flow of an incompressible fluid down a straight trough of arbitrary cross-section, the normal stress effect produces a distortion of the free surface. In slow flow, the shape is given in the lowest order of approximation in terms of the axial velocity for Newtonian flow. Equations governing the second-order perturbation are derived. Beim viskoelastischen Strömen einer inkompressiblen Flüssigkeit entlang einer geneigten geraden Rinne beliebigen Querschnittes erzeugt der Normalspannungseffekt eine Verzerrung der freien Oberfläche. Deren Form ist bei langsamer Strömung in erster Näherung durch die Axialgeschwindigkeit für Newton sche Strömung bestimmt. Die Gleichungen der Näherung zweiter Ordnung werden hergeleitet.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41711/1/707_2005_Article_BF01176732.pd

“Rediscovering What I Need to Do to Give Myself Pleasure.” Trans Women’s Experiences of Their Sexualities During Gender Transition: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Abstract Previous research highlights mixed findings regarding how trans people experience sexual satisfaction during and after transition. Qualitative research in particular reflects a process of psychosocial adjustment during and after transition, which reciprocally impacts sex and pleasure. The current research explores trans women’s experiences of their sexualities during gender transition. A phenomenological qualitative methodology was used, and 12 trans women aged 22–67 years old were individually interviewed about their experiences of their sexualities in 2023. Participants had varied sexualities, disabilities, and employment statuses, were mostly White, and had started hormone therapy. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the data. Two group experiential themes were developed, each with two subthemes: transition affords me with the confidence and comfort to explore my sexuality, and doing sexuality differently as a result of transitioning. The results have implications for supporting trans women navigating their identities during the transition by highlighting the psychosocial process of relearning and/or rediscovering their sexualities. Recommendations for future research and practitioners are discussed. Public Significance Statement Interviews were conducted with a community sample of trans women to explore the lived experiences of their sexualities during gender transition. Findings highlighted their sexual experiences often improved after transition but required some renegotiation of their bodies, relationships, roles, and desires

Untargeted analysis of plasma samples from pre-eclamptic women reveals polar and apolar changes in the metabolome

IntroductionPre-eclampsia is a hypertensive gestational disorder that affects approximately 5% of all pregnancies.ObjectivesAs the pathophysiological processes of pre-eclampsia are still uncertain, the present case–control study explored underlying metabolic processes characterising this disease.MethodsMaternal peripheral plasma samples were collected from pre-eclamptic (n = 32) and healthy pregnant women (n = 35) in the third trimester. After extraction, high-resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics was used to profile polar and apolar metabolites and the resulting data were analysed via uni- and multivariate statistical approaches.ResultsThe study demonstrated that the metabolome undergoes substantial changes in pre-eclamptic women. Amongst the most discriminative metabolites were hydroxyhexacosanoic acid, diacylglycerols, glycerophosphoinositols, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolites, bile acids and products of amino acid metabolism.ConclusionsThe putatively identified compounds provide sources for novel hypotheses to help understanding of the underlying biochemical pathology of pre-eclampsia

'Education, education, education' : legal, moral and clinical

This article brings together Professor Donald Nicolson's intellectual interest in professional legal ethics and his long-standing involvement with law clinics both as an advisor at the University of Cape Town and Director of the University of Bristol Law Clinic and the University of Strathclyde Law Clinic. In this article he looks at how legal education may help start this process of character development, arguing that the best means is through student involvement in voluntary law clinics. And here he builds upon his recent article which argues for voluntary, community service oriented law clinics over those which emphasise the education of students

Lambda and Antilambda polarization from deep inelastic muon scattering

We report results of the first measurements of Lambda and Antilambda polarization produced in deep inelastic polarized muon scattering on the nucleon. The results are consistent with an expected trend towards positive polarization with increasing x_F. The polarizations of Lambda and Antilambda appear to have opposite signs. A large negative polarization for Lambda at low positive x_F is observed and is not explained by existing models.A possible interpretation is presented.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Shadowing in Inelastic Scattering of Muons on Carbon, Calcium and Lead at Low XBj

Nuclear shadowing is observed in the per-nucleon cross-sections of positive muons on carbon, calcium and lead as compared to deuterium. The data were taken by Fermilab experiment E665 using inelastically scattered muons of mean incident momentum 470 GeV/c. Cross-section ratios are presented in the kinematic region 0.0001 < XBj <0.56 and 0.1 < Q**2 < 80 GeVc. The data are consistent with no significant nu or Q**2 dependence at fixed XBj. As XBj decreases, the size of the shadowing effect, as well as its A dependence, are found to approach the corresponding measurements in photoproduction.Comment: 22 pages, incl. 6 figures, to be published in Z. Phys.

NFATc1 controls the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells

NFAT nuclear translocation has been shown to be required for CD8+ T cell cytokine production in response to viral infection. Here the authors show NFATc1 controls the cytotoxicity and metabolic switching of activated CD8+ T cells required for optimal response to bacteria and tumor cells

A model for nonlinear viscoelastic torsional response of an elastomeric bushing

An elastomeric bushing is a device used in automotive suspension systems to cushion the loads transmitted from the wheel to the frame of the vehicle. A bushing is essentially an elastomeric hollow cylinder which is bonded to a solid metal shaft at its inner surface and a metal sleeve at its outer surface. The shaft is connected to the suspension and the sleeve is connected to the frame. The elastomeric cylinder provides the cushion when it deforms due to relative motion between the shaft and the sleeve. The relation between the force or moment applied to the shaft or sleeve and the relative displacements or rotations is nonlinear and exhibits features of viscoelasticity.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41703/1/707_2005_Article_BF01305752.pd