TIME MANAGEMENT – ON EXAMPLE OF MODEL DEPARTMENT OF HEAT TREATMENT OF AlSiMg ALLOY

A review of various models of the management and techniques using in the production sector to create a proposal of an example in a model department of the heat treatment of AlSiMg alloys. The results of these works were a cost reduction in the final product to help the customer by creating benefits for them – for example, in lowering prices. If we could use the proposed models of management and optimization of technology to implement a unique model in the department of heat treatment, we can increase the mechanical properties of casting due to the economic benefits. To create a unique model of management in the department of heat treatment, it is necessary to have two ways of knowledge about the economy and foundry know-how of innovation technology – that was improved in this article

The effect of ursolic and oleanolic acids on human skin fibroblast cells

In this article, we look at how ursolic and oleanolic acids can be used for the purpose of quality control of natural products used in dermatocosmetology as well as of various other therapeutic preparations. Ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) are pentacyclic triterpenes and they are constituents of many medicinal herbs. In this study, we analyzed the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity of OA and UA against normal human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Additionally, the scavenging activity of free radicals of both acids was analyzed. The sensitivity of cells to OA and UA activity was determined using a standard spectrophotometric (MTT) assay. The free radical scavenging activity of OA and UA was measured using the DPPH• test. The F-actin cytoskeletal proteins organization was analyzed using TRITC-phalloidine fluorescent staining. The cytotoxic activity of the analyzed acids was determined using Neutral Red (NR) uptake assay. Of the two isomeric compounds, UA showed a higher cytotoxic activity against HSF cells than did OA. Our investigations showed that OA, in view of its non-toxic nature, may be used as a supplementary factor for dermal preparations. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 664–669

TECHNOLOGY OF MANUFACTURING FOUNDRY CORES USING ADDITIVE METHODS

The use of additive manufacturing methods for the production of sand cores with organic binders is currently the latest trend in small and unit production, as it allows for a quick and simple way to get a final cast part; this is known as Rapid Prototyping. In this article, manufactured additive method cores were analyzed that were made of quartz sand with furfuryl resin and cores made of synthetic sand. Derivatographic measurements were compared, and examples of the high complexity cores are shown. Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the grains was determined by microscopic observation. Each type of core was characterized by a different flexural strength and differentiated results of abrasion. The results were collected and compared

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts. June 4-7, 2019, Szczyrk, Polan

Characterization of Low-Symmetry Structures from Phase Equilibrium of Fe-Al System—Microstructures and Mechanical Properties

Fe-Al intermetallic alloys with aluminum content over 60 at% are in the area of the phase equilibrium diagram that is considerably less investigated in comparison to the high-symmetry Fe3Al and FeAl phases. Ambiguous crystallographic information and incoherent data referring to the phase equilibrium diagrams placed in a high-aluminum range have caused confusions and misinformation. Nowadays unequivocal material properties description of FeAl2, Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 intermetallic alloys is still incomplete. In this paper, the influence of aluminum content and processing parameters on phase composition is presented. The occurrence of low-symmetry FeAl2, Fe2Al5 and FeAl3 structures determined by chemical composition and phase transformations was defined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) examinations. These results served to verify diffraction investigations (XRD) and to explain the mechanical properties of cast materials such as: hardness, Young’s modulus and fracture toughness evaluated using the nano-indentation technique

The effect of different LED illuminators on the germination index of wheat grains obtained in the greenhouse stage of the SSD breeding process

W procesie hodowli zbóż metodą SSD (ang.: Single Seed Descent) w celu skrócenia cykli hodowlanych często zbierane są niedojrzałe ziarniaki. Celem prowadzonych badań było sprawdzenie czy na kiełkowanie ziarniaków zebranych w 23 dniu po kwitnieniu, z roślin uprawianych w szklarni, wpływają widma światła generowane przez: 1) różne lampy diodowe stosowane w czasie uprawy zbóż w szklarni oraz 2) różne oświetlacze monochromatyczne stosowane w czasie suszenia nasion. Materiał do badań stanowiły dwie odmiany pszenicy jarej: Harenda i Tybalt. Rośliny uprawiano w zacienionej szklarni o kontrolowanych warunkach temperatury (22 ± 3°C) i wilgotności (80% ± 5%) a jako oświetlaczy używano: wysokoprężnej lampy sodowej HPS (kontrola) i dwóch typów oświetlaczy LED-owych: zbudowanego w oparciu o diody niebieskie i czerwone oraz oświetlacza zbudowanego w oparciu o białe diody. Kłosy zbierano w 23 dniu po kwitnieniu, zgodnie z metodyką stosowaną w procesach hodowlanych. Wyłuskane ziarniaki umieszczano pod monochromatycznymi źródłami światła (niebieskiego, zielonego i czerwonego), poddawano suszeniu przez okres 10 dni w temperaturze 25°C, a następnie kiełkowano. Zliczano indeks kiełkowania (GI), całkowitą liczbę skiełkowanych ziarniaków oraz liczbę ziarniaków, które nie wytworzyły kiełka i zostały porażone chorobami grzybowymi w czasie trwania doświadczenia. Stwierdzono, że oświetlanie ziarniaków w czasie suszenia poprawiało indeks kiełkowania i wpłynęło na wzrost liczby skiełkowanych nasion, przy czym światło zielone indukowało najbardziej równomierne kiełkowanie (≥ 70%), niezależnie od rodzaju oświetlania stosowanego w czasie wzrostu roślin, natomiast światło niebieskie (Royal Blue) najsilniej wpływało na dynamikę kiełkowania wyrażaną przez indeks kiełkowania a efekt był zależny od oświetlacza użytego do wzrostu roślin. Oświetlacz LED zbudowany w oparciu o niebieskie i czerwone diody użyty w trakcie wzrostu roślin w połączeniu ze światłem niebieskim użytym w trakcie suszenia ziarna pozwolił uzyskać najlepsze wyniki GI u obu badanych odmian pszenicy. Uzyskane rezultaty upoważniają do stwierdzenia, iż możliwe jest znalezienie oświetlaczy LED lepszych niż standardowe lampy HPS dla potrzeb hodowli zbóż oraz że doświetlanie ziarniaków w trakcie suszenia poprawia ich kiełkowanie. Potrzebna jest standaryzacja procedur.During the SSD (Single Seed Descent) process of cereal breeding unripe kernels are often collected to shorten breeding cycles. Present studies were undertaken to check whether the germination of kernels harvested on the 23rd day after pollination from plants grown in a greenhouse is influenced: 1) by different light spectra used during cereal cultivation in the greenhouse and 2) by different single light bands used during seed drying. The materials for studies consisted of 2 spring wheat cultivars: Harenda and Tybalt. The plants were grown in a shadowed greenhouse with controlled temperature (22 ± 3°C) and humidity (80% ± 5%) and illuminated by HPS lamp (control) and two types of LED illuminators: based on blue and red LEDs and based on white LEDs. The ears were harvested on 23rd day after flowering, according to the methodology used in field experiments. The threshed kernels were placed under monochromatic light sources (blue, green and red), dried for a period of 10 days at 25°C and then germinated. The germination index (GI), the total number of germinated kernels and the number of kernels that did not germinate and became infected by fungal diseases during the experiment, were counted. It was found that lightening of seeds during drying improved the germination index and total number of germinated seeds. The green light induced the most uniform germination (≥ 70%) independently from the light used during wheat growth, while the blue light (Royal Blue) improved germination of seeds taken from plants cultivated under LED illuminator based on blue and red diodes. Obtained results confirmed that it was possible to find LED illuminator better than standard HPS lamp for cereal cultivation and that lightening of the kernels during drying improved their germination. Standardization of procedures would be needed

The usefulness of light sources based on diodes characterized by a continuous spectrum of white light enriched with a blue band in cereal breeding

Nowoczesna hodowla zbóż odbywa się pod wielka presją czasu. Dlatego też do przyspieszenia procesów hodowlanych używa się szklarni, które w naszej szerokości geograficznej wymagają doświetlania. Pomysł zastosowania źródeł światła z wbudowanymi diodami LED w szklarniach staje się powszechny w ogrodnictwie ze względu na właściwości fizyczne LED, które pozwalają na zmniejszenie zużycia energii oraz na precyzyjne dostosowanie widma światła do wymagań uprawianych roślin. Zastosowanie oświetlaczy LED w procesach hodowli zbóż jest nowością. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki uzyskane przy użyciu źródła światła LED, zbudowanego w oparciu o diody emitujące białe światło, w porównaniu z oświetlaczem sodowym i światłem dziennym. Wykazano, że oświetlacz LED może być wykorzystywany do oświetlania szklarni w procesach hodowli zbóż. Przyrosty siewek oraz terminy kłoszenia były porównywalne pomiędzy roślinami uprawianymi pod lampami: HPS oraz LED i jednocześnie akceptowalnie większe niż parametry uzyskane dla roślin uprawianych w letnim świetle dziennym.Modern cereal crops breeding takes place under great pressure of time. Therefore, greenhouses are used to accelerate the breeding process which, in our latitude, requires lighting. The idea of using LEDs in greenhouses is becoming popular in horticulture due to LEDs physical properties, which allow on reduction of electricity consumption and on precise adjustment of the light spectrum to the requirements of cultivated plants. The usage of LED lightings in cereal breeding is a novelty. This article presents results obtained using the LED illuminator, based on white light emitting diodes in comparison to the high pressure sodium lamp (HPS) and a daylight. It has been shown that the LED illuminator can be used as a light source in greenhouses designed for cereals breeding. The seedlings elongation growth and number of days to heading were comparable between plants grown under HPS and LEDs and were greater in acceptable rate than results obtained for plants grown under summer daylight

Does Illumination of Non-mature Cereal Kernels During Drying Affect the Germination Ability?

The principle of the market competitiveness of breeding companies implicates a fast production of new varieties. One way to achieve this goal brings single seed descent (SSD) methodology, which requires kernels collection (18-23 days after pollination) , fast drying amd germination. Seed drying conditions influence the germination. In present work the influence of lightings: Sanyo LED and incandescent lamp vs. dark control during drying were studied. Kernels were harvested 18 and 23 days after pollination of wheat, triticale and barley cultivars grown in the same field experiment in 2015. It was found that: • the germination ability of non-mature kernels depends on all studied factors: lighting during drying, terms of harvesting and the interaction light * term; • non mature kernelsare more sensitive to drying conditions; • lighting during seeds drying can have a positive effect on ability to germination; • for breeding practice it would be better to harvest kernels at 23 DAF and dry them at room conditions under incandescent lamp

Masticatory Muscle Thickness and Activity Correlates to Eyeball Length, Intraocular Pressure, Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Women versus Women with Myopia

This study aims to examine the correlations between masticatory and neck muscle thickness and activity versus eyeball length, retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, and intraocular pressure in healthy women versus women with myopia. The study group consisted of 21 women aged 24 years and a control group of 19 women (mean age 23 years). For bioelectrical activity analysis within the temporalis anterior, the superficial part of the masseter muscle, the middle part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, an eight-channel BioEMG III electromyograph were used. An M-Turbo ultrasound machine was used to analyze masticatory and neck muscle thickness. The eyeball length was examined by IOL Master 500; choroidal and retinal thickness by Optovue Angiovue; and intraocular pressure by Tono-Pen XL. Refractive errors are related to differences in muscle thickness and electromyographic activity. Bioelectrical activity within the temporalis anterior seems to be associated with ocular length, retinal thickness, and choroidal thickness in women with myopia