A homological characterization of topological amenability

Generalizing Block and Weinberger’s characterization of amenability we introduce the notion of uniformly finite homology for a group action on a compact space and use it to give a homological characterization of topological amenability for actions. By considering the case of the natural action of G on its Stone-Cech compactification we obtain a homological characterisation of exactness of the group

Androgen and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Different Types of Perianal Gland Tumors in Male Dogs

Perianal gland tumors are modified sebaceous glands present in the skin of the perianal region in the dog. Hormonal stimulation may induce hyperplasia of the perianal glands or their neoplastic progression. The presence of androgen (AR) and estrogen (ER) receptors have been demonstrated both in normal perianal glands as well as in perianal tumors. The aim of the study was an immunohistochemical assessment of the expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in perianal gland tumors in dogs as an applicatory marker for antihormonal treatment. Biopsy samples of perianal masses were collected from 41 male dogs. A histopathological examination revealed 24 adenomas, 12 epitheliomas and five carcinomas. The immunohistochemical staining showed a mainly nuclear expression of AR and ER in the neoplastic cells. Both the androgen and estrogen receptors were expressed in adenoma, epithelioma and carcinoma cases; however, the highest expression of the receptors was stated in the adenoma and epithelioma. In the case of the carcinoma, the expression of sex hormone receptors was very weak. The differences of the number of cells expressing AR and ER as well as the observed differentiated intensity of staining in the studies demonstrated that the determination of the expression of the sex hormone receptors may be useful to elaborate a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm

Changes in Protein Metabolism Indicators in Dairy Cows with Naturally Occurring Mycotoxicosis before and after Administration of a Mycotoxin Deactivator

The aim of the study was to evaluate selected indicators of protein metabolism in cows fed with fodder contaminated with mycotoxins after application of a mycotoxin deactivator product (MDP). Experimental group (Exp.)—10 cows, fed total mixed ration (TMR) containing: 0.769 mg/kg-deoxynivalenol and 0.032 mg/kg-zearalenone TMR DM. Control group (Con.)—10 cows fed TMR without mycotoxins. In the exp. cows, the mycotoxin deactivator product (MDP) Mycofix Plus was used in the form of an additive to TMR in the amount of 10 g/head/day for 90 days. Blood was taken in Exp. group three times, before MDP administration, and on days 30 and 90 of its use. In the con. group, blood was collected once. All cows were assessed for free amino acids, total protein, albumin, globulin, and urea. Cows with mycotoxicosis (before MDP administration) showed low total protein, albumin, total-essential (TEAA) and total-non-essential amino acids (TNEAA) compared to after MDP administration (p p < 0.001). The results of our research showed the negative impact of mycotoxins on the parameters of protein metabolism in cows, and the use of MDP improved the processes of protein metabolism and improved the overall health of cows

Amenable actions, invariant means and bounded cohomology

We show that topological amenability of an action of a countable discrete group on a compact spaceis equivalent to the existence of an invariant mean for the action. We prove also that this is equivalent to vanishing ofbounded cohomology for a class of Banach G-modules associated to the action, as well as to vanishing of a specific cohomology class. In the case when the compact space is a point our result reduces to a classic theorem of B.E.~Johnson characterising amenability of groups. In the case when the compactspace is the Stone-\v{C}ech compactification of the group we obtain a cohomological characterisation of exactness for the group, answering a question of Higson

Pharmacological Treatment of Perianal Gland Tumors in Male Dogs

The presence of androgen (AR) and estrogen (ER) receptors has been demonstrated both in normal perianal (hepatoid) glands and in perianal tumors. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between the expression of AR and ER in perianal gland tumors and the effectiveness of antihormonal treatment. The study was performed on 41 male dogs with neoplastic lesions of the anal region. Histopathological evaluation of the lesions revealed 24 adenomas, 12 epitheliomas, and five carcinomas. Treatment was administered orally with tamoxifen at a dose of 1 mg/kg BW and cyproterone acetate at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Tumor diameters were measured regularly with calipers and recorded in millimeters starting with the measurement before treatment, and then after 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of therapy. The results show that hepatoid adenomas that are characterized by high expression of AR and ER receptors respond positively to antihormonal therapy, resulting in complete tumor regression. For locally malignant hepatoid epitheliomas and carcinomas with low expression of AR and ER receptors, antihormonal therapy makes it possible to reduce the size of the tumor, but does not make it possible to cure it completely