13 research outputs found
Collective conflict resolution in groups on the move
Collective decision-making regarding direction of travel is observed during natural motion of animal and cellular groups. This phenomenon is exemplified, in the simplest case, by a group that contains two informed subgroups that hold conflicting preferred directions of motion. Under such circumstances, simulations, subsequently supported by experimental data with birds and primates, have demonstrated that the resulting motion is either towards a compromise direction or towards one of the preferred targets (even when the two subgroups are equal in size). However, the nature of this transition is not well understood. We present a theoretical study that combines simulations and a spin model for mobile animal groups, the latter providing an equilibrium representation, and exact solution in the thermodynamic limit. This allows us to identify the nature of this transition at a critical angular difference between the two preferred directions: in both flocking and spin models the transition coincides with the change in the group dynamics from Brownian to persistent collective motion. The groups undergo this transition as the number of uninformed individuals (those in the group that do not exhibit a directional preference) increases, which acts as an inverse of the temperature (noise) of the spin model. When the two informed subgroups are not equal in size, there is a tendency for the group to reach the target preferred by the larger subgroup. We find that the spin model captures effectively the essence of the collective decision-making transition and allows us to reveal a noise-dependent trade-off between the decision-making speed and the ability to achieve majority (democratic) consensus.publishe
Dynamics of non-Markovian exclusion processes
Driven diffusive systems are often used as simple discrete models of
collective transport phenomena in physics, biology or social sciences.
Restricting attention to one-dimensional geometries, the asymmetric simple
exclusion process (ASEP) plays a paradigmatic role to describe noise-activated
driven motion of entities subject to an excluded volume interaction and many
variants have been studied in recent years. While in the standard ASEP the
noise is Poissonian and the process is therefore Markovian, in many
applications the statistics of the activating noise has non-standard
distribution with possible memory effects resulting from internal degrees of
freedom or external sources. This leads to temporal correlations and can
significantly affect the shape of the current-density relation as has been
studied recently for a number of scenarios. In this paper we report a general
framework to derive the fundamental diagram of ASEPs driven by non-Poissonian
noise by using effectively only two simple quantities, viz., the mean residual
lifetime of the jump distribution and a suitably defined temporal correlation
length. We corroborate our results by detailed numerical studies for various
noise statistics under periodic boundary conditions and discuss how our
approach can be applied to more general driven diffusive systems.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure