Neonatal rhesus monkey is a potential animal model for studying pathogenesis of EV71 infection

AbstractData from limited autopsies of human patients demonstrate that pathological changes in EV71-infected fatal cases are principally characterized by clear inflammatory lesions in different parts of the CNS; nearly identical changes were found in murine, cynomolgus and rhesus monkey studies which provide evidence of using animal models to investigate the mechanisms of EV71 pathogenesis. Our work uses neonatal rhesus monkeys to investigate a possible model of EV71 pathogenesis and concludes that this model could be applied to provide objective indicators which include clinical manifestations, virus dynamic distribution and pathological changes for observation and evaluation in interpreting the complete process of EV71 infection. This induced systemic infection and other collected indicators in neonatal monkeys could be repeated; the transmission appears to involve infecting new monkeys by contact with feces of infected animals. All data presented suggest that the neonatal rhesus monkey model could shed light on EV71 infection process and pathogenesis

Frequency-division-multiplexing based period-coded fringe pattern for reliable depth sensing

Abstract The fringe pattern can realize high-resolution and dense depth sensing. However, the phase ambiguity is a challenge in the fringe pattern. In this paper, one period-code pattern is embedded to the fringe pattern by the frequency-division-multiplexing (FDM) framework. The nonparametric skew and De Bruijn sequence are utilized to determine the label of the period. For a more reliable phase unwrapping, three criteria are utilized to rectify the period numbers further. Quantitative and qualitative experiments show that the proposed method can achieve more reliable depth sensing compared with the counterparts. Even the measured scene contains discontinuous surfaces or sharp edges, the proposed algorithm can attain reliable depth

Frequency-division-multiplexing based period-coded fringe pattern for reliable depth sensing

The fringe pattern can realize high-resolution and dense depth sensing. However, the phase ambiguity is a challenge in the fringe pattern. In this paper, one period-code pattern is embedded to the fringe pattern by the frequency-division-multiplexing (FDM) framework. The nonparametric skew and De Bruijn sequence are utilized to determine the label of the period. For a more reliable phase unwrapping, three criteria are utilized to rectify the period numbers further. Quantitative and qualitative experiments show that the proposed method can achieve more reliable depth sensing compared with the counterparts. Even the measured scene contains discontinuous surfaces or sharp edges, the proposed algorithm can attain reliable depth

Legislative Documents

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Additional file 3: of Transcriptomic analysis identifies the key genes involved in stamen petaloid in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Hormone related genes. (XLSX 65 kb

Brassinosteroids-Induced Systemic Stress Tolerance was Associated with Increased Transcripts of Several Defence-Related Genes in the Phloem in <i>Cucumis sativus</i>

<div><p>Brassinosteroids (BRs), a group of naturally occurring plant steroidal compounds, are essential for plant growth, development and stress tolerance. Recent studies showed that BRs could induce systemic tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the molecular mechanisms by which BRs signals lead to responses in the whole plant are largely unknown. In this study, 24-epibrassinosteroid (EBR)-induced systemic tolerance in <i>Cucumis sativus</i> L. cv. Jinyan No. 4 was analyzed through the assessment of symptoms of photooxidative stress by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging pulse amplitude modulation. Expression of defense/stress related genes were induced in both treated local leaves and untreated systemic leaves by local EBR application. With the suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) library using cDNA from the phloem sap of EBR-treated plants as the tester and distilled water (DW)-treated plants as the driver, 14 transcripts out of 260 clones were identified. Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) validated the specific up-regulation of these transcripts. Of the differentially expressed transcripts with known functions, transcripts for the selected four cDNAs, which encode an auxin-responsive protein (IAA14), a putative ankyrin-repeat protein, an F-box protein (PP2), and a major latex, pathogenesis-related (MLP)-like protein, were induced in local leaves, systemic leaves and roots after foliar application of EBR onto mature leaves. Our results demonstrated that EBR-induced systemic tolerance is accompanied with increased transcript of genes in the defense response in other organs. The potential role of phloem mRNAs as signaling components in mediating BR-regulated systemic resistance is discussed.</p></div