Additional file 1 of Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children is related to maternal screen time during early childhood in Taiwan: a national prospective cohort study

Supplementary Material

Heatmap of visual attentions towards images of “non-confrontational” social interactions is shown.

<p>A is the individual with AQ score at the 25^th percentile. B is the individual with AQ score at the 75^th percentile. The eye gaze fixation time is indicated by color, of which the order of duration is red > yellow > green.</p

The relationship between selective visual attentions and aggressive tendencies.

<p>The relationship between selective visual attentions and aggressive tendencies.</p

The analysis results based on the early-AFP group are shown.

<p>Panel A shows the scatter plot of REHH plotted against all core haplotype frequency (circled dot indicates the selected core haplotype “rs1074014-rs1072877-rs1564582-rs11212724-rs11211725”). Panel B shows the haplotype bifurcation diagram, which visualizes the breakdown of LD at increasing distances from core haplotypes at the selected core region. The root of each diagram is a core haplotype, identified by a dark blue circle. Panel C illustrates how the REHH value varies by the selected core haplotype. Panel D shows the table of core haplotype, and the dot in the observed haplotype sequence represents the allele that matches the ancestral. Panel E presents the theoretical phylogenetic tree of different core haplotypes. Gray squares represent haplotypes that are not present in the observed data, but are missing links in the phylogeny. The area of the squares is proportional to the frequency of the haplotype.</p

Linkage disequilibrium patterns in the 11q22.3 region are shown.

<p>Linkage disequilibrium patterns in the 11q22.3 region are shown.</p

Demographic features of cases in the discovery population.

1<p>Maternal and paternal education: 1≤6 years, 2 = 7−9 years; 3 = 10−12 years, 4 = 13−16 years, 5 = >16 years.</p>2<p>SRST: Total social responsiveness score assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised.</p>3<p>SCQ: social communication quotient total score.</p>4<p>FSTBEH: Stereotype behavior/interest score assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised.</p>5<p>The unit of age of phrase is month.</p>6<p>VIQ = verbal IQ; PIQ = performance IQ.</p>7<p>The unit of paternal/maternal age is year.</p

Heatmap of visual attentions towards images of angry facial expressions is shown.

<p>A is the individual with AQ score at the 25^th percentile. B is the individual with AQ score at the 75^th percentile. The eye gaze fixation time is indicated by color, of which the order of duration is red > yellow > green.</p

Heatmap of visual attentions towards images of “confrontational” social interactions is shown.

<p>A is the individual with AQ score at the 25^th percentile. B is the individual with AQ score at the 75^th percentile. The eye gaze fixation time is indicated by color, of which the order of duration is red > yellow > green.</p

Case-control association test results for 4 runs of homozygosity (ROH) regions nominally associated with the risk of autism (unadjusted p-value <0.01) in the discovery sample.

*<p>R_Case = prevalence rate of the ROH marker in cases; R_Ctrl = prevalence rate of the ROH marker in controls;</p>Δ<p>Unadjusted p-values based on the Fisher’s exact tests.</p

The analysis results based on the late age of first phrase (late-AFP) group are shown.

<p>Panel A shows the scatter plot of REHH plotted against all core haplotype frequency (circled dot indicates the selected core haplotype “rs1074014-rs1072877-rs1564582-rs11212724-rs11211725”). Panel B shows the haplotype bifurcation diagram, which visualizes the breakdown of LD at increasing distances from core haplotypes at the selected core region. The root of each diagram is a core haplotype, identified by a dark blue circle. Panel C illustrates how the REHH value varies by the selected core haplotype. Panel D shows the table of core haplotype, and the dot in the observed haplotype sequence represents the allele that matches the ancestral. Panel E presents the theoretical phylogenetic tree of different core haplotypes. Gray squares represent haplotypes that are not present in the observed data, but are missing links in the phylogeny. The area of the squares is proportional to the frequency of the haplotype.</p