2-(1H-Pyrrolo­[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)pyridine

In the title compound, C12H9N3, the dihedral angle between the pyridine and aza­indole rings is 6.20 (2)°. In the crystal, pairs of N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into inversion dimers

3,4-Dinitro-2,5-bis­[4-(trifluoro­meth­yl)phen­yl]thio­phene

The title compound, C18H8F6N2O4S, is a precursor for the production of low-band-gap conjugated polymers. In the crystal structure, the dihedral angles between the thio­phene and benzene rings are 35.90 (8) and 61.94 (8)°, and that between the two benzene rings is 40.18 (8)°. The two nitro groups are twisted with respect to the thio­phene ring, the dihedral angles being 53.66 (10) and 31.63 (10)°. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding helps to stabilize the crystal structure

Novel Codon-optimization Genes Encoded in Chlorella for Triacylglycerol Accumulation

AbstractMicroalgae have been recognized as one of the potential resources for biodiesel production based on its fast growth or its high total lipid content depending on species. Expression of Kennedy pathway genes, which encodes GPAT, LPAAT, PAP, and DGAT for increasing the metabolic flux towards the TAG storage in Chlorella sp. from 20 to 46 wt% and total lipid accumulation from 35 to 60wt.% corresponding to each specific gene combination under autotrophy, compare to the wild type (vector only). The highest TAG content was found in cells expressing a quadruple-gene construct (GPAT-LPAAT-PAP-DGAT) in the Kennedy pathway, corresponding to 46wt.% of TAG and 60wt.% of total lipid content. This work provides the optimization of TAG production in Chlorella sp. can be achieved by manipulating the selected genes, in turns making commercially producing biodiesel practical

9-Ethyl-3-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-9H-carbazole

The title compound, C20H16N4, is a precursor for the production of electron-transporting and -emitting materials. The bond lengths and angles in this compound are normal. In the crystal structure, there are no significant hydrogen-bonding inter­actions or π–π stacking inter­actions between mol­ecules

Future change in extreme precipitation in East Asian spring and Mei-yu seasons in two high-resolution AGCMs

Precipitation in the spring and Mei-yu seasons, the main planting and growing period in East Asia, is crucial to water resource management. Changes in spring and Mei-yu extreme precipitation under global warming are evaluated based on two sets of high-resolution simulations with various warming pattern of sea surface temperature (SST'spa). In the spring season, extreme precipitation exhibits larger enhancements over the northern flank of the present-day prevailing rainy region and a tendency of increased occurrence and enhanced intensity in the probability distribution. These changes imply a northward extension of future spring rainband. Although the mean precipitation shows minor change, enhanced precipitation intensity, less total rainfall occurrence, and prolonged consecutive dry days suggest a more challenging water resource management in the warmer climate. The projected enhancement in precipitation intensity is robust compared with the internal variability related to initial conditions (σˆint) and the uncertainty caused by SST'spa (σˆΔSST). In the Mei-yu season, extreme precipitation strengthens and becomes more frequent over the present-day prevailing rainband region. The thermodynamic component of moisture flux predominantly contributes to the changes in the spring season. In the Mei-yu season, both the thermodynamic and dynamic components of moisture flux enhance the moisture transport and intensify the extreme precipitation from southern China to northeast Asia. Compared with spring season, projecting future Mei-yu precipitation is more challenging because of its higher uncertainty associated with 1) the σˆint and σˆΔSST embedded in the projections and 2) the model characteristics of present-day climatology that determines the spatial distribution of precipitation enhancement.publishedVersio

[4-(1-Benzofuran-2-yl)phen­yl]diphenyl­amine

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C26H19NO, contains two mol­ecules. The dihedral angles between the benzofuran and benzene rings are 5.09 (8), 59.02 (8) and 67.74 (8)° in one mol­ecule and 18.70 (8), 52.78 (8) and 41.74 (8)° in the other. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions help to stabilize the molecular structure