Physicochemical, microbiological and antioxidant property of traditionally prepared Misti Dahi sold in West Bengal

75 Misti dahi samples from different districts of West Bengal were collected randomly and analysed for physico-chemical, microbiological quality and antioxidant activity. Significant variations in the composition of the dahi samples were observed.  The average fat, protein, lactose, ash, total solid, pH and titratable acidity content of dahi samples were found to be 3.94±0.55%,3.7±0.032 %,4.39±0.035 %, 0.66± 0.012%,12.82±0.087 %,3.48±0.045 and 1.16±0.00 % lactic acid respectively. Hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) value, Peroxide value (PV) and Tyrosine value (TV) of the market dahi samples were found to be 1.03±0.04604μmole/L, 0.344±0.009milli eq. /kg of fat and 0.276±0.008 mg of tyrosine/ml respectively and varied significantly. Baudouin test which is an indicator of adulteration of dahi with Vanaspati showed positive results for 48% of the samples. Average coliform and Yeast & Mould count were found to be 4.37±0.21 log cfu/g and 3.54±0.11 log cfu/g respectively. Antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and DPPH method. All Misti dahi samples showed good antioxidant activity and varied significantly (p<0.05)

Particle motion in the field of a five-dimensional charged black hole

In this paper, we have investigated the geodesics of neutral particles near a five-dimensional charged black hole using a comparative approach. The effective potential method is used to determine the location of the horizons and to study radial and circular trajectories. This also helps us to analyze the stability of radial and circular orbits. The radius of the innermost stable circular orbits have also been determined. Contrary to the case of massive particles for which, the circular orbits may have up to eight possible values of specific radius, we find that the photons will only have two distinct values for the specific radii of circular trajectories. Finally we have used the dynamical systems analysis to determine the critical points and the nature of the trajectories for the timelike and null geodesics.Comment: 15 pages, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Conformationally restricted Nucleocyclitols: a study into their conformational preferences and supramolecular architecture in the solid state

With the intent of probing the feasibility of employing annulation as a tactic to engender axial rich conformations in nucleoside analogues, two adenine-derived, "conformationally restricted" nucleocylitols, 9 and 10, have been conceptualized as representatives of a hitherto unexplored class of nucleic acid base-cyclitol hybrids. A general synthetic strategy, with an inherent scope for diversification, allowed rapid functionalization of indane and tetralin to furnish 9 and 10 respectively in fair yield. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the two nucleocyclitols under study, though homologous, present completely dissimilar modes of molecular packing, marked, in particular, by the nature of involvement of the adenynyl NH2 group in the supramolecular assembly. In addition, the crystal structures of 9 and 10 also exhibit two different conformations of the functionalized cyclohexane ring. Thus, while the six-membered carbocycle in cyclopenta-annulated 9 exists in the expected chair (C) conformation that in cyclohexaannulated 10, which crystallizes as a dihydrate, shows an unusual twist-boat (TB) conformation. From a close analysis of the 1HNMR spectroscopic data recorded for 9 and 10 in CD3OD, it was possible to put forth a putative explanation for the uncanny conformational preferences of crystalline 9 and 10

Epidemiology of pediatric trauma and its pattern in urban India: A tertiary care hospital-based experience

Aim: To assess the epidemiology, pattern, and outcome of trauma in pediatric population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1148 pediatric patients below 15 years of age presenting in the emergency department of our hospital were studied over a period of 3 years. The patients were categorized into four age groups of <1 year, 1-5 years, 6-10 years, and 11-15 years. The data were compared regarding mode of trauma, type of injury, place of injury among different age groups and both sexes. Results: The majority of the pediatric trauma cases were seen in males 69.86%, (n = 802) and females comprised only 30.13% (n = 346). Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common mode of trauma in male children, i.e. 59.47% (n = 477) followed by fall injuries, i.e. 29.42% (n = 236). In females, fall was the most common mode of trauma, i.e. 52.31% (n = 181) followed by RTA (36.70%, n = 127). Fall injuries occurred mostly at homes. Among RTA, hit by vehicle on road while playing was most common followed by passenger accidents on two wheelers, followed by hit by vehicle while walking to school. Among fall, fall while playing at home was the most common. Out of total 1148 patients, 304 (26.48%) comprised the polytrauma cases (involvement of more than two organ systems), followed by abdominal/pelvic trauma (20.99%, n = 241), followed by head/face trauma (19.86%, n = 228). Out of total 1148 patients admitted over a period of 36 months, 64 died (5.57%). 75 (6.5%) patients had some kind of residual deformity or disability. Conclusion: The high incidence of pediatric trauma on roads and falls indicate the need for more supervision during playing and identification of specific risk factors for these injuries in our setting. This study shows that these epidemiological parameters could be a useful tool to identify burden and research priorities for specific type of injuries. A comprehensive trauma registry in our set up seems to be important for formulating policies to reduce pediatric trauma burden

An unusual case of myiasis

Summary: Myiasis—the feeding of fly larvae on living mammals, may have various clinical presentations depending on the tissues or organs involved. Myiasis is a common travel associated skin disorder as a consequence of short visits to developing countries. It is the fourth most common travel associated disease. The most common clinical manifestations of fly larvae infestation include inflammatory and allergic reactions. Ear, eye and respiratory tract infestations are not uncommon and the human botfly Dermatobia hominis is the most recognised causative organism. We present an unusual case report of a myiasis in the upper lip of a patient admitted under the maxillofacial team at South Manchester Hospital. Keywords: Upper lip infestation, Myiasi

Physicochemical, microbiological and antioxidant property of traditionally prepared Misti Dahi sold in West Bengal

637-64575 Misti Dahi samples from different districts of West Bengal were collected randomly and analysed for physicochemical, microbiological quality and antioxidant activity. Significant variations in the composition of the Dahi samples were observed. The average fat, protein, lactose, ash, total solids, pH and titratable acidity content of Dahi samples were found to be 3.94±0.55%, 3.7±0.032%, 4.39±0.035%, 0.66±0.012%, 12.82±0.087%, 3.48±0.045 and 1.16±0.008% lactic acid, respectively. Hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF) value, peroxide value (PV) and tyrosine value (TV) of the market Dahi samples were found to be 1.03±0.04604 μmole/L, 0.344±0.009 meq /kg of fat and 0.276±0.008 mg of tyrosine/mL respectively and varied significantly. Baudouin test which is an indicator of adulteration of Dahi with Vanaspati showed positive results for 48% of the samples. Average coliform and yeast &mould count were found to be 4.37±0.21 log cfu/g and 3.54±0.11 log cfu/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and DPPH method. All Misti Dahi samples showed good antioxidant activity and varied significantly (p<0.05)

Systematic cell placement in quantum‐dot cellular automata embedding underlying regular clocking circuit

Abstract Quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) is gaining worldwide popularity due to its higher device concentration, lower power indulgence, and better switching speed. The information flows in QCA with the polarization state defined by the placement of electrons instead of current flow. The cell interaction principle under the influence of the clocking zone controls the cell placement during QCA circuit design. Most of the designs reported so far used random cell placement, which has no fabricating sense. Moreover, it is equally important for a cell placement algorithm to follow a realistic, regular underlying clocking scheme to maintain proper routing channels. In this regard, a systematic cell placement for the combinational logic circuit in QCA is proposed using the widely accepted underlying regular clocking scheme, universal, scalable and efficient (USE). The proposed method traverses all possible paths of a combinational logic circuit from output to input to build the desired circuit generating the automatic cell layout. A grid of clock zone of USE clock scheme is considered in the initial layout driving different paths of the circuit and finally evolves as the desired circuit. The generated automatic QCA layouts are competitive in occupied area, delay, and its cell count, which advocates the significance of such a scheme