Evolution of Social Security in the Lap of Public Action: Recounting the Experience of Kerala

This paper is part of a large study on the Social Protection in Rural India and China. In this paper, we attempt at a critical appraisal of the historical development and experience of social security initiatives in Kerala, India. We situate the development experience of Kerala in a conceptual framework of participatory development, which we interpret in a broad context of organization and mobilization of people at specific junctures of historical progress of a society. Thus participatory development, in our view is participation in the progressive process of realization of human rights and thus in development; that is, public action, with an effective public demand and a wiling public supply, conditioned by the legitimate function of the state. It is also attempted to categorize the on-going social security schemes according to the definitional framework of our study, that is, in terms of the definitional division of social security into basic and contingent social security.Social security; Kerala; development; contingency

In the Vacuum of Public Action Social Security in Orissa: A Long Way to Go

This paper is part of a large study on the Social Protection in Rural India and China. In this paper, we attempt at a critical appraisal of the historical development and experience of social security initiatives in Orissa, India. Unlike in the context of Kerala, an unfavourable dynamics of historical conjunction of ecological, economic, social, and institutional conditions in Orissa has worked itself out to contribute to the high level of insecurity there. We argue that the failure of Orissa was in its inability to develop the forces of organization and mobilization into its logical end of participatory development process for a secured life on account of some unfavourable historical conjunction. It is also attempted in this paper to categorize the on-going social security schemes according to the definitional framework of our study, that is, in terms of the definitional division of social security into basic and contingent social security.Social security; Orissa; Development; Contingency

Social Security in India: The Long Lane Treaded and the Longer Road Ahead Towards Universalization

This paper is part of a large study on the Social Protection in Rural India and China. In this paper, we attempt at a critical appraisal of the historical development and experience of social security initiatives at the all India level. Based on the findings of the review, we visualize a road map to a more comprehensive and participatory initiatives in provision of social security by the state, while stressing the role of the civil society, non-governmental organizations and mass organizations. It is also attempted to categorize the on-going social security schemes according to the definitional framework of our study, that is, in terms of the definitional division of social security into basic and contingent social security.Social security; India; poverty; development; contingency

Caridina pseudogracilirostris sp.nov. (Atyidae: Caridina) from the Cochin Backwater

A few specimens of Cardina collected from the Cochin Backwater during try net operations, resembled Caridina gracilirostris de Man in many respects. But close examination of the material revealed that they differed from it in the shape and armature of the telson and the absence of the appendix interna on the first pleopod of male specimens. Therefore, a new species Cardina pseudogracilirostris is proposed to describe the animal. Detailed discription of the new species and its affinities to allied species are given in the present note

Tuna fisheries of India

Tunas constitute 3.7% of the total commercial pelagic Jin fish production of the country (Av. 1992-96: 1,14.1067 t). The dominant species which support tuna fishery in the small scale sector in India are Euthynnus afflnls. Auxis thazard, A. rochel, Thunnus tonggol, Katsuwonus pelamis, Thunnus albacares and Sarda orlentalls. Of the total tuna catch (Av. 1992-96: 41,978 t). 77.6% has been landed from, the west coast, 16.8% from the east coast 5% from the Lakshadweep and 0.5% from the Andaman & Nicobar islands. The status of production of different tuna species in India and their environmental preference are summarised. Biological features such as food and feeding habits, age and growth, size at first maturity, spawning and fecundity are briefly discussed. Trends in the production of tunas along the mainland coast of India and Lakshadweep, population parameters and the results of stock assessment are presented briefly. Suggestions for future research and options for tuna fishery development in India are also discussed. The present communication is a review of the works done during the past fifty years and discusses the present status and future strategy of tuna fisheries research and development in India

तटीय संपदाओं में स्कोम्ब्रोइड मछलियों का महत्व और विदोहन

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Pelagic fisheries resources of India- An overview

The annual pelagic fish production increased from 0.30 million t during 1950 to 1.2 million t during 1996 along the Indian coast. The four fold increase in production was due to mechanisation, motorisation of the country crafts, introduction of larger mechanised boats etc. Kerala ranked first among the maritime states of India, contributing 31% of the total pelagic fish followed by Gujarat (13.7%)and Tamil Nadu (13.0%). Out of the 250 species that contribute to the pelagic fisheries, only about 60 species belonging to 7 groups form fisheries of substantial magnitude. The groups which exceed one lakh t in production per year were mackerel, oil sardine, anchovies, carangids and Bombay duck. The fluctuations in the landings of oil sardine and Indian mackerel and the gear-wise production of pelagics are discussed in the paper. Suitable management measures and suggestions for future research priorities for sustaining the pelagic fisheries have suggested in this overview

भारत की वेलापवर्ति मात्स्यिकी संपदाओं का विदोहन, परिरक्षण और प्रबंधन

कृपया पूरा लेखा पढ

Pelagic Fisheries of India

India has been one among the top 10 fish-producing countries of the world since 1960: with its position oscillating between the third and the sixth rank. Currently India occupies the third position, contributing about 4.8 I % (6.2 million tonnes including inland and marine production) to the world fish production of about 128.8 million tonnes. The marine fish production in India had reached 2.72 million tonnes in 1997 due to mechanization of crafts. motorization of country crafts, commencement of the stay-over fishing, and improvements in gears and related infrastructural facilities, which were introduced at different periods since late I 950s

Sustainable Management of Marine Fisheries of India

India is one among the top ten fish producing countries in the world contributing over 5% (7.5 million tonnes (t)) of the world fish production. The marine fisheries sector contributes nearly 50% of the total fish production and the total export of seafood during 2008-09 was estimated at 6,02,835 t at a value of Rs. 8608 crores. The estimated manpower employed in the marine fisheries sector in 2005 was a whopping 1.24 million and in addition an almost equal number are reported to be involved in the harvest and post-harvest activities including marketing