Success rates of iterative therapeutic thoracentesis in clinical studies: a literature review.

<p>NR: not reported; CPPE: complicated parapneumonic effusions.</p

Pleural fluid and microbiology characteristics (first thoracentesis).

<p><i>Quantitative variables are indicated as median (IQR), qualitative variables are indicated as numbers (%). (†) Variables with >10% of missing data.</i></p

Complications during hospitalisation.

<p>Complications during hospitalisation.</p

Global survival. Doted lines represent 95% confidence interval.

<p>Global survival. Doted lines represent 95% confidence interval.</p

Iterative therapeutic thoracentesis (ITTC) modalities and secondary treatments.

<p>Iterative therapeutic thoracentesis (ITTC) modalities and secondary treatments.</p

Rise of CC398 Lineage of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> among Infective Endocarditis Isolates Revealed by Two Consecutive Population-Based Studies in France

<div><p><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> isolates from two prospective studies on infective endocarditis (IE) conducted in 1999 and 2008 and isolated from non-IE bacteremia collected in 2006 were <em>spa</em>-typed and their virulence factors were analyzed with a microarray. Both populations were genetically diverse, with no virulence factors or genotypes significantly more associated with the IE isolates compared with the non-IE isolates. The population structure of the IE isolates did not change much between 1999 and 2008, with the exception of the appearance of CC398 methicillin-susceptible <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MSSA) isolates responsible for 5.6% of all cases in 2008. In 1999, this lineage was responsible for no cases. The increasing prevalence of <em>S. aureus</em> in IE is apparently not the result of a major change in staphylococcal population structure over time, with the exception of the emerging CC398 MSSA lineage.</p> </div

Patient characteristics according to the absence or the presence of neurological complications (NC) either asymptomatic or symptomatic.

<p>Patient characteristics according to the absence or the presence of neurological complications (NC) either asymptomatic or symptomatic.</p

Factors associated with Infective Endocarditis in the whole population, VIRSTA study 2009–2011.

<p>Abbreviations: SAB: <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> bacteremia; IE: infective endocarditis; OR: Odds-ratio; CI: confidence interval.</p><p>Factors associated with Infective Endocarditis in the whole population, VIRSTA study 2009–2011.</p

Comparison of surgical therapy among patients according to the absence or the presence of neurological complications (NC) either asymptomatic or symptomatic.

<p>Comparison of surgical therapy among patients according to the absence or the presence of neurological complications (NC) either asymptomatic or symptomatic.</p

Main characteristics of the 2008 patients with <i>Staphyloccus aureus</i> bloodstream infection enrolled in the VIRSTA study, 2009–2011.

<p>Abbreviations: IQR: interquartile range; IE: infective endocarditis; SAB: <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> bloodstream infection.</p><p>* Pacemaker or implantable cardiovertor defibrillator.</p><p>Main characteristics of the 2008 patients with <i>Staphyloccus aureus</i> bloodstream infection enrolled in the VIRSTA study, 2009–2011.</p