Electrochemical Study of Antioxidant Regeneration Mechanisms – Application in Dermocosmetics.

Oxidative stress is associated to the massive generation of reactive oxygen species inducing fast oxidative reactions in chain. To overcome this problem, reasonable supplementations of antioxidants are widely practiced, mostly based on empirical protocols. An electrochemical process is proposed to choose the best molecules association inducing the greatest antioxidant capacity, by coupling homogeneous or heterogeneous catalytic reactions involving antioxidants with an electrochemical step. Cyclic voltammetry and constant potential electrolysis experiments were used to highlight regeneration reactions induced by specific associations of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants in homogeneous medium or at liquid/liquid interface. Results showed that N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) was effectively regenerated by both ascorbic acid (AA) and ascorbyl glucoside (AA-2G) but not by ascorbyl phosphate magnesium (AA-2P). The antioxidant properties of alpha-tocopherol also increased to 40% when associated with AA. The process was successfully applied for the first time to the study of simple emulsions. Formulations involving NAC and AA-2G presented the highest synergic effect, the antioxidant capacity being amplified by more than 35%. On the other hand no catalytic mechanism was observed when introducing three antioxidants in the cream because it induced too low reaction kinetics. This electrochemical process can thus be exploited as a tool for the optimisation of “anti-aging” dermocosmetic formulations

Quantum oscillations and upper critical magnetic field of the iron-based superconductor FeSe

Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations and upper critical magnetic field ($H\_{c2}$) of the iron-based superconductor FeSe ($T\_c$ = 8.6 K) have been studied by tunnel diode oscillator-based measurements in magnetic fields of up to 55 T and temperatures down to 1.6 K. Several Fourier components enter the SdH oscillations spectrum with frequencies definitely smaller than predicted by band structure calculations indicating band renormalization and reconstruction of the Fermi surface at low temperature, in line with previous ARPES data. The Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg model accounts for the temperature dependence of $H\_{c2}$ for magnetic field applied both parallel (\textbf{H} $\|$ $ab$) and perpendicular (\textbf{H} $\|$ $c$) to the iron conducting plane, suggesting that one band mainly controls the superconducting properties in magnetic fields despite the multiband nature of the Fermi surface. Whereas Pauli pair breaking is negligible for \textbf{H} $\|$ $c$, a Pauli paramagnetic contribution is evidenced for \textbf{H} $\|$ $ab$ with Maki parameter $\alpha$ = 2.1, corresponding to Pauli field $H\_{P}$ = 36.5

Le numérique pour tromper l’ennui au travail : usages affectifs des TIC par les jeunes adultes

International audienceNous présentons les résultats d’une étude exploratoire conduite auprès de jeunes en situation préprofessionnelle. Nous questionnons leur rapport aux outils numériques dans une perspective émotionnelle : ainsi, quels affects produit leur immersion dans les TIC ? L’hypothèse est que les étudiants cherchent à équilibrer les tensions émotionnelles nées de leurs activités sociales et professionnelles. Ces tensions sont également au cœur des stratégies des fournisseurs de service ainsi que des institutions pédagogiques

Social Skills Group For Adults Living With Asperger's Syndrome

This work presents the results obtained in a therapeutic social skills group of adults living with Asperger's Syndrome (ASD). The treatment consists in a regular participation in specifically designed groups. Patients meeting the criteria for ASD have been selected with no psychiatric comorbidity and were thus able to optimal group interaction. They were suffering significant anxiety symptoms supposed to lead to inadequate social skills as well as to result from them. Requisite participation included ten sessions in group discussions of topics propose by the patients themselves. Special attention was accord to train the patients in detecting possible functional analysis processes leading to increasing anxiety and in training social skills. The paper concentrates in three assessments by the patient themselves of four different scales (anxiety, depression, self-esteem and social skills in daily life) allowing to the comparison of baseline level (before session 1) with short term (immediately after the last session) and long term benefits of training (3 months later). These different measures revealed significant long term improvement in the patients. These results are important because they consist in training the patients in self-help. They might also contribute to better understanding of the ASD by the scientific community as well as by the patients themselves. Finally, long term treatments such as proposed here are more likely to extend the improvement of the patients' well-being to their social environment, family and professional one. It is thus both a clinical and a theoretically relevant research effort

Psychotherapy for Adults with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Objective: This is an unconventional manuscript that attempts to outline a theory of caetextia for adults with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), based on hemispheric dominance due to impaired parallel processing. To take context into consideration, a person must be able to concentrate on and separate out his attention across different elements of a given situation. This is a process of dynamic sensory integration. Yet the deficits and strategies developed by these patients differ according to whether their dominant hemisphere is the right or the left one. Method: By looking at two case studies for didactical purposes, we will attempt to interpret these differences and construct a specific therapeutic approach. Conclusions: The detection of this disability as well as the therapeutic approaches must thus be adapted to this dimension of the disorder. We shall attempt to interpret the differences and design a specific therapeutic plan

CBT of a Person Living in a Situation of Mental Handicap and Presenting an Anxiety Disorder Coupled with a Specific Phobia

The prevalence of anxiety disorders within a population presenting an intellectual deficiency is 43%. The integrated multimodal approach highlights different predisposing risk factors: vulnerability and its consequences on adaptive behaviors and deficits in the learning process; interactions with the environment. Negative experiences and a weak perception of control lead to a higher failure expectation, resulting in an increase in anxiety for the handicapped person. On the other hand, environment, family and professionals may induce responses of dependency, fear and avoidance, and consequently, a decrease of opportunities to develop social and emotional skills. The cognitive-behavioral therapy was adapted to the patient. The therapeutic alliance with the patient, as well as with his family and professionals, was the keystone and the required condition for the therapy procedure. The functional analysis underlined three therapeutic axes: 1) a work on the physiological reactions of anxiety and the train phobia, using the reaction management techniques 2) A work on cognitive restructuration. 3) A work on the behavior during exposure to the anxiety-inducing situation. Simultaneously, the patient received an antidepressant and anti-anxiety medication. Other skills and techniques were used: eye tracking (ASL mobile) to point out the patient resources; the psycho-educative approach using the "heart mat" (cardiac coherence) as a mediator to share the understanding of the situation; a motivational approach for the exposure planning; and the PEUR model, used in group therapies to divide the therapy into sequences, thus fostering self-control. Measurements at frequent and regular intervals have shown the rapid evolution of the patient and the pertinence of the cognitive-behavioral approach during therapies for persons living in a situation of mental handicap and presenting concomitant mental disorders

Le numérique pour tromper l’ennui au travail : usages affectifs des TIC par les jeunes adultes

International audienceNous présentons les résultats d’une étude exploratoire conduite auprès de jeunes en situation préprofessionnelle. Nous questionnons leur rapport aux outils numériques dans une perspective émotionnelle : ainsi, quels affects produit leur immersion dans les TIC ? L’hypothèse est que les étudiants cherchent à équilibrer les tensions émotionnelles nées de leurs activités sociales et professionnelles. Ces tensions sont également au cœur des stratégies des fournisseurs de service ainsi que des institutions pédagogiques

Social Skills Group for Adults Living with Intellectual Disabilities

This work presents the results obtained with a therapeutic social skills group for adults living with intellectual disabilities and psychiatric co-morbidities. The concept of social skill is used in cognitive behavioral therapy approaches. For the last four years in the community psychiatry unit within the department of psychiatry of mental development, we have organized social skills groups. These groups are meant for ambulatory patients with intellectual impairments and psychiatric co-morbidities in conjunction with a lack of social skills. Each patient is under individual cognitive behavioral therapy treatment, which makes it possible to precisely evaluate the issues and the patient's expectations. In addition to the individual sessions, the patients participate in a monthly semi-open selfaffirmation group. Each patient completes a variety of questionnaires and scales which serve as a baseline, as well as questionnaires at the end of each session to provide information about the dynamic of the group and its progressio

Procédures de désambiguïsation pour les systèmes de recherche d’information

Nous discutons de la nécessité de tenir compte de la polysémie nominale pour les systèmes de recherche d’information qui tiennent compte du contenu des textes numérisés. Nous présentons un prototype qui fonctionne en identifiant les substantifs d’un texte donné et en stipulant les domaines qui leur sont rattachés afin de faire ressortir une dominante, et ainsi de procéder au typage du texte en termes de domaine. Ce prototype a pour principale particularité d’utiliser le système intex et de faire appel aux descriptions formalisées du français effectuées au Laboratoire de Linguistique Informatique implémentées sous forme de dictionnaires électroniques et de grammaires locales. Nous montrons comment intex, en s’appuyant sur ces dictionnaires et ces grammaires, peut lever des ambiguïtés relatives à des substantifs.We show how nouns ambiguity affects the quality of Information Extraction systems. We present the iris prototype, which identifies nouns in a text, associates each of them with one or more semantic domains, resolves domain ambiguities, and produces a resulting domain that characterizes the text. This prototype is built with intex, and uses the linguistic resources of the Laboratoire de Linguistique Informatique, implemented in the form of electronic dictionaries for classes of predicates and arguments, and local grammars. We show how intex can be used to integrate and process these resources, and how the resulting system can disambiguate nouns