Contingent Worksharing

In a setting that focuses on efficient dynamic hours-workers substitution we show that contingent worksharing contributes to workers retention during bad business spells and to sustained hiring during good spells. As a consequence, average employment increases on both accounts. We also show that worksharing interacts with firing costs in affecting workforce decisions and determines the sign of the employment impact from an increase in firing restrictions.Temporary worksharing, Firing Costs, Stochastic methods.

Inflation including collapse of the wave function: The quasi-de Sitter case

The precise physical mechanism describing the emergence of the seeds of cosmic structure from a perfect isotropic and homogeneous universe has not been fully explained by the standard version of inflationary models. To handle this shortcoming, D. Sudarsky and collaborators have developed a proposal: the self-induced collapse hypothesis. In this scheme, the objective collapse of the inflaton wave function is responsible for the emergence of inhomogeneity and anisotropy at all scales. In previous papers, the proposal was developed with an almost exact de Sitter space-time approximation for the background that led to a perfect scale-invariant power spectrum. In the present article, we consider a full quasi-de Sitter expansion and calculate the primordial power spectrum for three different choices of the self-induced collapse. The consideration of a quasi-de Sitter background allow us to distinguish departures from an exact scale-invariant power spectrum that are due to the inclusion of the collapse hypothesis. These deviations are also different from the prediction of standard inflationary models with running spectral index. Comparison with the primordial power spectrum and the CMB temperature fluctuation spectrum preferred by the latest observational data is also discussed. From the analysis performed in this work, it follows that most of the collapse schemes analysed in this paper are viable candidates to explain present observations of the CMB fluctuation spectrum.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures. Replaced to match published versio

Oggetto, termine, principi e criteri direttivi nelle deleghe del processo "taglia-leggi"

Il saggio pone a confronto le deleghe facenti parte del meccanismo cd. "taglia-leggi" di cui all'art. 14 della l. l. 28 novembre 2005, n. 246, con i requisiti posti dall'art. 76 della Costituzione, ossia la presenza di un oggetto, la fissazione di un termine e l'indicazione di principi e criteri direttivi per l'esercizio della delega legislativa da parte del Governo. L'analisi conclude per una sostanziale aderenza al modello costituzionale, pur nella sua interpretazione riduttiva emersa negli anni. Si evidenziano tuttavia alcune incongruenze nella fase applicativa, in particolare in relazione all'emanazione del Codice dell'ordinamento militare

What remains of the centrality of parliamentary legislation in continental Europe? An Italian perspective

The impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on national legal orders is not limited to the enhancement of the protection of individuals\u2019 rights, but implies broader transformations in the constitutional structure of states. This paper investigates the on-going re-shaping of domestic systems of sources of law entailed by the implementation of the concepts of \u201claw\u201d and \u201clegislation\u201d as elaborated by the European Court of Human Rights. With particular reference to the Italian case, the focus is on one of the doctrines that dominated scholarly literature in the last centuries in continental Europe \u2013 so-called Gesetzesvorbehalt \u2013 which seems to be facing a serious crisis with these latest developments

Prospettive di organizzazione del "nuovo" Senato

Il testo di legge costituzionale approvato dalle Camere lo scorso 12 aprile lascia aperte molte incognite sul ruolo del Senato nel sistema costituzionale e sui suoi meccanismi interni di funzionamento. Tuttavia, accanto alle diverse possibili evoluzioni dell\u2019interpretazione del testo e del suo completamento in sede attuativa, esistono una serie di \u201cpunti fermi\u201d rispetto ai quali \ue8 possibile ragionare delle prospettive di organizzazione interna del Senato. Ne risulta un quadro di bassa innovazione nei meccanismi di funzionamento che sembrano condurre a dinamiche decisionali interne al nuovo Senato non dissimili da quelle di una Camera pienamente \u201cpolitica\u201d, rivelando che la \u201crappresentanza delle istituzioni territoriali" \u2013 pur proclamata all\u2019art. 55, quinto comma, Cost. \u2013 resti alquanto difficile da praticare in concreto. The pending constitutional amendment passed by the Parliament on 12 April 2016 leaves many open questions related to the role of the Senate in the constitutional system as well as to its internal functioning. However, beyond the possible divergent interpretations of some of its clauses and the possible solutions at the implementation stage, there are some fundamental points that can be assumed as the framework around which elaborating on the prospects of the organisation of the Senate. The result of the analysis is that the innovation in the internal mechanisms of the Senate is quite poor, so that its functioning cannot be too dissimilar from that of a fully political assembly. Thus, the \u201crepresentation of territorial institutions\u201d although proclaimed at art. 55.5 of the Constitution seems difficult to be pursued in concrete