10 research outputs found
Magnetoresistance in FeGa thin films presenting striped magnetic pattern: the role of closure domains and domain walls
In this work we show the existence of closure domains in FeGa
thin films featuring a striped magnetic pattern and study the effect of the
magnetic domain arrangement on the magnetotransport properties. By means of
X-ray resonant magnetic scattering, we experimentally demonstrate the presence
of such closure domains and estimate their sizes and relative contribution to
surface magnetization. Magnetotransport experiments show that the behavior of
the magnetoresistance depends on the measurement geometry as well as on the
temperature. When the electric current ows perpendicular to the stripe
direction, the resistivity decreases when a magnetic field is applied along the
stripe direction (negative magnetoresistance) in all the studied temperature
range, and the calculations indicate that the main source is the anisotropic
magnetoresistance. In the case of current flowing parallel to the stripe
domains, the magnetoresistance changes sign, being positive at room temperature
and negative at 100 K. To explain this behavior, the contribution to
magnetoresistance from the domain walls must be considered besides the
anisotropic one.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Peasant settlers and the ‘civilizing mission’ in Russian Turkestan, 1865-1917
This article provides an introduction to one of the lesser-known examples of European settler colonialism, the settlement of European (mainly Russian and Ukrainian) peasants in Southern Central Asia (Turkestan) in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It establishes the legal background and demographic impact of peasant settlement, and the role played by the state in organising and encouraging it. It explores official attitudes towards the settlers (which were often very negative), and their relations with the local Kazakh and Kyrgyz population. The article adopts a comparative framework, looking at Turkestan alongside Algeria and Southern Africa, and seeking to establish whether paradigms developed in the study of other settler societies (such as the ‘poor white’) are of any relevance in understanding Slavic peasant settlement in Turkestan. It concludes that there are many close parallels with European settlement in other regions with large indigenous populations, but that racial ideology played a much less important role in the Russian case compared to religious divisions and fears of cultural backsliding. This did not prevent relations between settlers and the ‘native’ population deteriorating markedly in the years before the First World War, resulting in large-scale rebellion in 1916