Reliability of panoramic-radiograph to determine the position of third-molar from inferior-alveolar-canal

Cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT) has been useful in providing insights of relevant anatomy prior to surgical procedures, including the assessment of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar to the inferior-alveolar-canal (IAC). It is important to understand the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the assessment of this criterion since it is more commonly used as first line radiographic approach due to its availability and lower radiation dose. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the evaluation of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar root tip to the IAC by correlating the results with CBCT. A total of 65 root tips of impacted mandibular-third-molars that had both panoramic radiographs and CBCT images were included in this retrospective study. Two trained observers participated in all image evaluations. A prepared standard 1 cm ruler was used to measure the proximity of the third-molar root apices to the IACs. Measurements recorded in this study were categorized into positive (root apex above a roof of IAC), zero (root apex was superimposed on IAC) and negative (root apex below a roof of IAC). Data analysis was carried out using student t-test. In this study, both observers recorded statistically significant differences in the measurement between third-molars root apices and the IAC from panoramic radiographs and CBCT images. The low reliability of panoramic radiograph to assess the vertical proximity between these two anatomical structures suggests the importance of additional assessment with CBCT in cases where panoramic radiograph shows superimposition of the third molar root on the roof of the canal and presence of root below the roof of the IAC

Reliability of panoramic-radiograph to determine the position of third-molar from inferior-alveolar-canal

Cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT) has been useful in providing insights of relevant anatomy prior to surgical procedures, including the assessment of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar to the inferior-alveolar-canal (IAC). It is important to understand the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the assessment of this criterion since it is more commonly used as first line radiographic approach due to its availability and lower radiation dose. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of conventional panoramic-radiograph in the evaluation of the proximity of impacted mandibular-third-molar root tip to the IAC by correlating the results with CBCT. A total of 65 root tips of impacted mandibular-third-molars that had both panoramic radiographs and CBCT images were included in this retrospective study. Two trained observers participated in all image evaluations. A prepared standard 1 cm ruler was used to measure the proximity of the third-molar root apices to the IACs. Measurements recorded in this study were categorized into positive (root apex above a roof of IAC), zero (root apex was superimposed on IAC) and negative (root apex below a roof of IAC). Data analysis was carried out using student t-test. In this study, both observers recorded statistically significant differences in the measurement between third-molars root apices and the IAC from panoramic radiographs and CBCT images. The low reliability of panoramic radiograph to assess the vertical proximity between these two anatomical structures suggests the importance of additional assessment with CBCT in cases where panoramic radiograph shows superimposition of the third molar root on the roof of the canal and presence of root below the roof of the IAC

A radiographic study on the visualization of the anterior loop in dentate subjects of different age groups

International audienc

The groove configuration of mandibular molars of Malaysians of Mongoloid ancestry

Aim: Variation in dental structures is widely accepted as a combination of multiple factors such as gender, environmental effects and genetics. However, the characterization of similarities and differences in dental morphology has been lacking in relation to the factors mentioned. This study aims to assess and compare the variations in traits in mandibular molars and the influence of gender and ethnicity in affecting these traits amongst the Malaysian population of Mongoloid ancestry. Materials and Methods: Our study population was 180 dental casts of patients, from 15 to 40 years old, comprising 56 Malays and 124 Chinese; 60 were males and 120 were females. Traits like groove pattern, number of cusps, protostylids and deflecting wrinkles were observed, scored, and recorded. Results: This study revealed that the most common mandibular first molar (M1) was characterized by 5 cusps and displayed ‘Y’ groove pattern, while the most common mandibular second molar (M2) had 4 cusps and exhibited a groove pattern that resembled a ‘+’. Notably, all the traits studied were bilaterally symmetrical, except for the groove pattern of M1, while sexual dimorphism was observed in groove patterns of M2. Conclusions: This study found that M1 had a preponderance of 5 cusps with ‘Y’ groove pattern, while M2 were typically 4-cusped with ‘+’ groove pattern

A quantitative method for the forensic evaluation of bitemarks

Thesis (M.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Dentistry,199

Legal implications in routine clinical practice

Medico-legal management forms an important part of the total patient care. With the rapid progress of medical science and technology, the law and ethics pertaining to clinical practice have become more complicated in order to meet the various complex issues that have arisen. Medical ethics is a code of behavior accepted voluntarily within the profession, as opposed to statutes and regulations that are imposed by official legislation. Much of medical ethics consists of good manners and civilized behavior in the general sense, but there are certain matters, which are particular to the practice of the profession of medicine. Matters of immediate concern in routine clinical practice are pertaining to consent, confidentiality and negligence

Middle mesial canal in mandibular first molar: A narrative review

Purpose: This review aimed to assess the incidence, anatomical characteristics, identification, and clinical management using conventional techniques and advanced tools to manage MMCs successfully. Methods: Medline/PubMed and Scopus databases were searched using “Middle mesial canal,” “Middle mesial root canal,” OR “Accessory mesial canal” keywords from 1 January 1970 and 1 February 2023. The most pertinent articles were chosen for the review from the retrieved articles. In addition, relevant articles were added by manually searching the list of references. Results: The incidence of MMC is noticeable in younger people, and the confluent canal is the most common type. The majority of MMCs merged with mesiobuccal (MB) canals rather than mesiolingual (ML) canals. Clinical management could be employed using the standard endodontics protocol, and recent radiography technologies, magnification, rotary, and obturation materials can facilitate the procedures. Conclusion: The possibility of the incidence of MMC is not unusual. Detection and thorough debridement followed by obturation of the canal could increase the success rate of clinical outcomes

Sagittal view showing condyle joint space measurements.

<p>Sagittal view showing condyle joint space measurements.</p

Sagittal view showing genoid fossa roof thickness measurement.

<p>Sagittal view showing genoid fossa roof thickness measurement.</p

Variation in lingual nerve course: A human cadaveric study

The lingual nerve is a terminal branch of the mandibular nerve. It is varied in its course and in its relationship to the mandibular alveolar crest, submandibular duct and also the related muscles in the floor of the mouth. This study aims to understand the course of the lingual nerve from the molar area until its insertion into the tongue muscle. This cadaveric research involved the study of 14 hemi-mandibles and consisted of two parts: (i) obtaining morphometrical measurements of the lingual nerve to three landmarks on the alveolar ridge, and (b) understanding non-metrical or morphological appearance of its terminal branches inserting in the ventral surface of the tongue. The mean distance between the fourteen lingual nerves and the alveolar ridge was 12.36 mm, and they were located 12.03 mm from the lower border of the mandible. These distances were varied when near the first molar (M1), second molar (M2) and third molar (M3). The lingual nerve coursed on the floor of the mouth for approximately 25.43 mm before it deviated toward the tongue anywhere between the mesial of M1 and distal of M2. Thirteen lingual nerves were found to loop around the submandibular duct for an average distance of 6.92 mm (95% CI: 5.24 to 8.60 mm). Their looping occurred anywhere between the M2 and M3. In 76.9% of the cases the loop started around the M3 region and the majority (69.2%) of these looping ended at between the first and second molars and at the lingual developmental groove of the second molar. It gave out as many as 4 branches at its terminal end at the ventral surface of the tongue, with the presence of 2 branches being the most common pattern. An awareness of the variations of the lingual nerve is important to prevent any untoward complications or nerve injury and it is hoped that these findings will be useful for planning of surgical procedures related to the alveolar crest, submandibular gland/duct and surrounding areas