Yield and water relations of pearl millet genotypes under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions

In the six cultivars and four hybrids of Pennisetum americanum studied, grain yield was found to be significantly correlated with average afternoon leaf diffusion resistance of the abaxial surface (LDRab) under irrigated (r = -0.90) and nonirrigated (r = -0.72) field condition

Probabilistic Quantum Teleportation via 3-Qubit Non-Maximally Entangled GHZ State by Repeated Generalized Measurements

We propose a scheme of repeated generalized Bell state measurement (GBSM) for probabilistic quantum teleportation of single qubit state of a particle (say, 0) using 3-qubit non-maximally entangled (NME) GHZ state as a quantum channel. Alice keeps two qubits (say, 1 and 2) of the 3-qubit resource and the third qubit (say, 3) goes to Bob. Initially, Alice performs GBSM on qubits 0 and 1 which may lead to either success or failure. On obtaining success, Alice performs projective measurement on qubit 2 in the eigen basis of $\sigma_{x}$. Both these measurement outcomes are communicated to Bob classically, which helps him to perform a suitable unitary transformation on qubit 3 to recover the information state. On the other hand, if failure is obtained, the next attempt of GBSM is performed on qubits 0 and 2. This process of repeating GBSM on alternate pair of qubits may continue until perfect teleportation with unit fidelity is achieved. We have obtained analytical expressions for success probability up to three repetitions of GBSM. The success probability is shown to be a polynomial function of bipartite concurrence of the NME resource. The variation of success probability with the bipartite concurrence has been plotted which shows the convergence of success probability to unity with GBSM repetitions.Comment: 11 pages, 5figure

Influence of planting geometry on photosynthetically active radiation interception and dry matter production relationships in pearl millet

A field experiment was conducted at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Center, Patancheru, India to study photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception and dry matter production relationships in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke). Two pearl millet genotypes, BJ 104 (G1) and ICH 226 (G2) were sown at three planting geometries obtained by using combinations of row and plant spacings (S1: 37·5 cm × 26·6 cm; S2: 75·0 cm × 13·3 cm; S3: 150·0 cm × 6·6 cm) such that plant population was constant at 100 000 ha−1 in all treatments. Cumulative intercepted PAR was maximum (330 MJ m−2) in G2S2 and minimum (268 MJ m−2) in G1S3. Conversion efficiency values ranged from 1·87 g MJ−1 in G1S2 to 2·32 g MJ−1 in G2S3. Final above-ground dry matter followed the pattern of cumulative intercepted PAR and maximum dry matter (7·22 Mg ha−1) was produced by G2S2 while G1S3 produced minimum dry matter (4·97 Mg ha−1

Applications of GSM Module in Wireless ECG Signal Monitoring System

Abstract: In this paper, a wireless ECG monitoring system which can not only sense the ECG signal but also analyze the signal and in abnormal situation transmits the ECG signal for instant action. An ECG is used to measure the heart's electrical conduction system. It picks up electrical impulses generated by the polarization and depolarization of cardiac tissue and translates into a waveform. The waveform is then used to measure the rate and regularity of heartbeats, as well as the size and position of the chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart, and the effects of drugs or devices used to regulate the heart, such as a pacemaker. The fully system will be basically for a high cardiac diseased person and if they are moving or they are living alone this system will be very helpful to them

Evaluation of the groundnut model PNUTGRO for crop response to water availability, sowing dates, and seasons

Field experiments were conducted during the 1987, 1991 and 1992 rainy seasons at Patancheru (latitude 17°32′N; longitude 78°16′E; elevation 545 m), Andhra Pradesh, India, to collect data to test and validate the hedgerow version of the groundnut model PNUTGRO for predicting phenological development, light interception, canopy growth, dry matter production, pod and seed yields of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as influenced by row spacing and plant population. The model was calibrated using the crop growth and phenology data of groundnut (cv. Robut 33-1) obtained from the 1987 and 1991 rainy season experiments. In these experiments groundnut was grown at plant populations ranging from 5 to 45 plants/m2 with and without irrigation. Changes were made in the cultivar-specific coefficients related to the light penetration into the crop canopy and dry matter production. The model was validated against independent data obtained from a 1992 rainy season experiment. In 1992, groundnut was grown at plant populations ranging from 10 to 40 plants/m2 and at row spacings of 20, 30 and 60 cm. The model predicted the occurrence of vegetative and reproductive stages, canopy development, total dry matter production and its partitioning to pods and seed accurately. Maximum leaf area index observed during the season was significantly correlated with simulated values (r2 = 0.95). In spite of some incidence of diseases and pests, the correlation between simulated and observed pod yield was significant (r2 = 0.61). It is concluded from this study that the hedgerow version of the groundnut model PNUTGRO can be used to quantify groundnut growth and yields as influenced by plant population and row spacing

Role of Simulation Tool in Enhancing Teaching and Learning of Information and Communication Technology: A Case Study

ABSTRAC

A Study of Temperature-dependent Fluid Properties on MHD Free Stream Flow and Heat Transfer over a Non-Linearly Stretching Sheet

AbstractAn analysis has been done for non-linearly stretching sheet with temperature-dependent fluid properties with free stream mag- netohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. The transverse magnetic field and the stretching velocity are assumed to vary as a power of the distance. The thermal conductivity shows linear variation whereas the fluid viscosity varies inversely with temperature. We have incorporated similarity transformations in our study to mould partial differential equations into non-linear equations. These equations are solved using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method with the shooting techniques. In the present study, we discuss effects of various fluid parameters on the profiles of velocity and temperature in the presence of free stream. The effect with variations of these parameters has been investigated. We found that the free stream velocity reduces the boundary layer thickness

Audio and image encryption scheme based on QR decomposition and random modulus decomposition in Fresnel domain

In this paper, an asymmetric audio and image encryption mechanism using QR decomposition and random modulus decomposition (RD) in the Fresnel domain is proposed. The audio file is recorded as a vector and converted to a two-dimensional array to act as an image or a sound map. This sound map is encrypted using the image encryption algorithm proposed in this paper. The proposed cryptosystem is validated for both audios and grayscale images. Fresnel parameters and the two private keys obtained from QR decomposition and random modulus decomposition (RD) form the key space. Computer-based reproductions have been carried out to prove the validity and authenticity of the scheme. Simulation results authenticate that the scheme is robust and efficient against various attacks and is sensitive to input parameters

Electrochemically induced efficient, simple, non-catalytic synthesis of β-phosphonomalonates via multicomponent reaction

816-822Electrochemically induced efficient and economical method has been developed for synthesis of β-phosphono malononitriles via condensation of various aldehyde, malononitrile and phosphite esters at room temperature. The present protocol highlights cost efficient, one pot, easy work-up and environmentally benign process