Systematics of the genus Cnesterodon Garman, 1895 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae: Poeciliinae)

A phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships is proposed for the species of Cnesterodon. A series of derived features supports the monophyly of the genus and infrageneric clades. The genus Cnesterodon is revised, with Gulapinnus considered a junior synonym. A lectotype is designated for Poecilia decemmaculata Jenyns. Nine species of Cnesterodon are recognized: C. decemmaculatus, C. carnegiei, C. brevirostratus, C. septentrionalis, C. omorgmatos, C. hypselurus, C. raddai, a new species from the rio Ribeira de Iguape, described herein, and a new species from the Rio Grande do Sul, being described by in a separate paper. Diagnoses and distribution ranges are provided for each species as well as a key to identification of the species

Ozone Treatment of Alveolar Bone in the Cape Chacma Baboon Does Not Enhance Healing Following Trauma

In the international literature, the role of Ozone (O3) in the advancement in alveolar bone healing in the absence of bone pathology was not tested before. The purpose of this study was to evaluate alveolar bone regeneration after a bone defect was created and treated with a single topical administration of O3. Alveolar bone defects were created on five healthy chacma baboons. One side of the maxilla and mandible was topically treated with a single treatment of an O3/O2 mixture (3,5–4 % O3), while the opposite sides were not treated and thus served as control. Regeneration was measured radiologically, using a standardized gray scale, as the increase in bone density in the treatment area at 3 and 6 weeks post-operative and was statistically analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). There were no significant differences in densities observed between the O3/O2 mixture treatment and the control (p[0.05). A single O3 treatment did not increase alveolar bone healing over a 3- and 6-week period in the mandible and the maxilla.Dental Research Education & Development Trust of the South African Dental Associationhttp://link.springer.com/journal/12663hb2014ay201