27 research outputs found
Azithromycin use in paediatrics: A practical overview
Azithromycin is an antibiotic that is commonly prescribed for upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children. While it has proven benefits, some concerns regarding azithromycin use have arisen in recent years. This practice point considers azithromycin therapy for acute respiratory infections in otherwise healthy children. Pharmacokinetics, spectrum of activity, the problem of resistant bacteria and clinical aspects are considered, along with recommendations for use and contraindications. Azithromycin should be avoided in patients with a significant risk of bacteremia. It is associated with pneumococcal resistance and, with stated exceptions, is generally not recommended for the treatment of acute pharyngitis, acute otitis media or pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia in the paediatric population. © Canadian Paediatric Society 2013
Invasive group A Streptococcus disease in French-Canadian children is not associated with a defect in MyD88/IRAK4-pathway
Premier Ă©pisode d'infection urinaire fĂ©brile de l'enfant (enquĂȘte rĂ©trospective dans un service de pĂ©diatrie gĂ©nĂ©rale et actualisation des donnĂ©es de la littĂ©rature)
LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU MĂ©d (940432101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
INTERET DE L'AMOXICILLINE EN PREMIERE INTENTION DANS LE TRAITEMENT AMBULATOIRE DES PNEUMONIES COMMUNAUTAIRES DE L'ENFANT (A PROPOS DE 40 CAS)
PARIS6-Bibl. St Antoine CHU (751122104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
EFFICACITE A COURT TERME DES BETA 2 MIMETIQUES DANS LA BRONCHIOLITE AIGUE CHEZ LES NOURRISSONS AGES DE TROIS A SIX MOIS (A PROPOS DE 185 CAS)
PARIS6-Bibl. St Antoine CHU (751122104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
LES TESTS DE DIAGNOSTIC RAPIDE (REVOLUTION DANS LA CONSOMMATION D'ANTIBIOTIQUES DANS L'ANGINE)
PARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Group A Streptococcal Meningitis in a Pediatric Patient following Cochlear Implantation: Report of the First Case and Review of the Literature
The Food and Drug Administration published a public health warning on the association of bacterial meningitis and cochlear implants in June 2002. This article reports the first case of group A streptococcal (GAS) meningitis in a cochlear-implanted patient, followed by a review on cochlear implantation and GAS meningitis
Profil de consommation des antimicrobiens en pĂ©diatrie de 2010-2011 Ă 2014-2015 : l'expĂ©rience dâun centre hospitalier universitaire
RĂ©sumĂ©Objectif : DĂ©crire et commenter lâĂ©volution de la consommation dâantimicrobiens en pĂ©diatrie au sein dâun centre hospitalier universitaire de 2010-2011 Ă 2014-2015.MĂ©thode : Il sâagit dâune Ă©tude descriptive, transversale et rĂ©trospective. Nous avons calculĂ© les doses dĂ©finies journaliĂšres/1000 jours-prĂ©sence et le nombre de jours de traitement/1000 jours-prĂ©sence pour tous les antimicrobiens et pour chaque annĂ©e financiĂšre de lâĂ©tude. Le calcul des ratios entre lâannĂ©e 2010-2011 et lâannĂ©e 2014-2015 permet de mesurer lâĂ©volution de la consommation.RĂ©sultats : Durant la pĂ©riode de lâĂ©tude, on compte 54 093 admissions et 407 481 jours-prĂ©sence. On note lâaugmentation de la consommation de pipĂ©racilline/tazobactam (ratio respectivement de 2,1 et 2 pour les doses dĂ©finies journaliĂšres/1000 joursprĂ©sence et le nombre de jours de traitement/1000 jours-prĂ©sence), des antituberculeux (ratios : 1,2 et 1,5), des antiviraux (ratio : 1,4 pour le nombre de jours de traitement/1000 jours-prĂ©sence) et du linĂ©zolide (ratio : 5,7 pour le nombre de jours de traitement/1000 jours-prĂ©sence). LâhĂ©mato-oncologie, les soins intensifs et la chirurgie sont les unitĂ©s de soins les plus consommatrices dâantimicrobiens.Conclusion : Cette Ă©tude descriptive transversale conclut Ă la stabilitĂ© du profil de la consommation des antimicrobiens en pĂ©diatrie de 2010-2011 Ă 2014-2015 avec toutefois des variations de consommation spĂ©cifiques Ă certains antimicrobiens.AbstractObjective: To describe and comment on changes in antimicrobial consumption in pediatrics at a university hospital from 2010-2011 to 2014-2015.Method: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective descriptive study. We calculated the number of daily defined doses per 1000 patient-days and the number of treatment days per 1000 patient-days for all the antimicrobials for each fiscal year of the study. Ratios were calculated between the year 2010-2011 and the year 2014-2015 to ascertain changes in consumption.Results: There were 54,093 admissions and 407,481 patient-days during the study period. There was an increase in the consumption of piperacillin/tazobactam (a ratio of 2.1 and 2 for the daily defined doses per 1000 patient-days and the number of treatment days per 1000 patient days, respectively), antitubercular drugs (ratios: 1.2 and 1.5), antivirals (ratio: 1.4 for the number of treatment days per 1000 patient-days) and linezolid (ratio: 5.7 for the number of treatment days per 1000 patient days). Hematology/oncology, intensive care and surgery were the care units with the highest consumption of antimicrobials.Conclusion: This cross-sectional descriptive study shows a stable profile of antimicrobial consumption in pediatrics from 2010-2011 to 2014-2015, although there were some variations in consumption specific to certain antimicrobials
Program to Manage New and Expensive Drugs in Pediatrics: Profile of a New Drug Policy and a 12-Month Descriptive Study
ABSTRACTBackground: With growing financial pressure and the range of new and expensive drugs, hospital administrators, clinicians, and pharmacy directors are facing tough decisions on how to manage drug budgets. At a Canadian motherâchild hospital, a policy for new and expensive drugs was developed, with the goal of managing their use and costs.Objectives: To describe the development and implementation of a policy for new and expensive drugs in a mother-child teaching hospital and to describe the profile of requests for these therapies over a 12-month period.Methods: A brainstorming session was conducted with members of the pharmacy and therapeutics committee to define the criteria for new and expensive drugs at the study hospital and a new process to evaluate requests for these drugs. Over the 12-month period following implementation of the policy, all requests for new and expensive drugs were evaluated through collection and analysis of relevant data.Results: The new drug policy was launched on October 1, 2014. Over the following 12-month period, a total of 58 requests for new and expensive drugs were discussed, but only 47 request forms were completed and signed by a physician and a clinical pharmacist.Conclusions: New and expensive drugs represent a challenge for clinicians and hospital stakeholders. This study illustrates the implementation of a new policy for these drugs in a motherâchild teaching hospital over a 12-month period.RĂSUMĂContexte : Les budgets de plus en plus serrĂ©s et la gamme de mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux placent les administrateurs, les cliniciens et les directeurs de pharmacie des hĂŽpitaux devant des dĂ©cisions difficiles en ce qui touche la gestion des dĂ©penses en mĂ©dicaments. On a mis au point, dans un hĂŽpital canadien mĂšre-enfant, une politique concernant les mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux avec pour objectif de gĂ©rer leur utilisation et leurs coĂ»ts.Objectifs : DĂ©crire lâĂ©laboration et la mise en place dâune politique sur les mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux dans un hĂŽpital universitaire mĂšre-enfant et dĂ©crire le profil des demandes pour ces pharmacothĂ©rapies sur une pĂ©riode de 12 mois.MĂ©thodes : Les membres du comitĂ© de pharmacologie ont procĂ©dĂ© Ă une sĂ©ance de remue-mĂ©ninges dans le but de dĂ©finir les critĂšres pour les mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux dans lâhĂŽpital Ă lâĂ©tude et un nouveau processus servant Ă Ă©valuer les demandes pour ces mĂ©dicaments. Au cours des 12 mois suivant la mise en place de la politique, toutes les demandes pour des mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©es Ă lâaide dâune cueillette et dâune analyse de donnĂ©es pertinentes.RĂ©sultats : La nouvelle politique sur les mĂ©dicaments a Ă©tĂ© lancĂ©e le 1er octobre 2014. Au cours des 12 mois suivants, un total de 58 demandes pour des mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©es, mais seulement 47 formulaires de demande ont Ă©tĂ© remplis et signĂ©s par un mĂ©decin et un pharmacien clinicien.Conclusions : Les mĂ©dicaments nouveaux ou coĂ»teux reprĂ©sentent un dĂ©fi pour les cliniciens et les parties prenantes des hĂŽpitaux. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude dĂ©crit la mise en place dâune nouvelle politique pour ces mĂ©dicaments dans un hĂŽpital universitaire mĂšre-enfant sur une pĂ©riode de 12 mois