1,900 research outputs found
The Intergenerational Transmission of Income in Switzerland - A Comparison between Natives and Immigrants
This paper analyses the intergenerational income mobility for natives and immigrants in Switzerland. An IV approach based on data from two different data sets is used. As there is no adequate data on fathers, I revert to information from a period that differs from actual fathers’ work period. This methodological approach leads to a bias of the resulting intergenerational elasticity. Nevertheless, cross-national comparison of income mobility is still possible. A comparison across subgroups of the Swiss population shows strong differences between Swiss and immigrants. Compared to natives, immigrants are more immobile. Also, substantial heterogeneity is found across different ethnic groups. Using quantile regression, mobility for natives is found to be similar for all income quantiles. Among immigrants, mobility is higher at the lower as well as at the upper end of the income distribution. These patterns differ from previous results from other countries.Income mobility, Intergenerational transmission, Immigrants
Metrics with prescribed horizontal bundle on spaces of curve
We study metrics on the shape space of curves that induce a prescribed
splitting of the tangent bundle. More specifically, we consider
reparametrization invariant metrics on the space
of parametrized regular curves. For many
metrics the tangent space at each
curve splits into vertical and horizontal components (with respect to the
projection onto the shape space of
unparametrized curves and with respect to the metric ). In a previous
article we characterized all metrics such that the induced splitting
coincides with the natural splitting into normal and tangential parts. In these
notes we extend this analysis to characterize all metrics that induce any
prescribed splitting of the tangent bundle.Comment: 7 pages in Proceedings of Math On The Rocks Shape Analysis Workshop
in Grundsund. Zenod
Ethnic Discrimination in Education: The Swiss Case
This paper investigates the role that discrimination plays in the educational marginalization of foreign youth commonly observed in European countries with a long guestworker tradition. Economic theory offers two basic explanations for discrimination of this form: taste-based discrimination arising from personal prejudices and statistical discrimination stemming from ability uncertainty. Which theory applies in reality has important policy implications. If taste-based discrimination is the source of ethnic segregation, then measures to eliminate prejudice are required to promote integration; whereas if statistical discrimination is the cause, then better measures of ability are needed. Using Switzerland as a case study, we provide evidence that statistical discrimination is the source of ethnic segregation in schooling. Further we find that teachers generally do not grade foreign youth differently than native students. This result runs counter to previous research which suggests that disadvantaged pupils are graded more leniently.education, discrimination, migration, PISA
Sobolev metrics on shape space of surfaces
Let and be connected manifolds without boundary with , and let compact. Then shape space in this work is either the
manifold of submanifolds of that are diffeomorphic to , or the orbifold
of unparametrized immersions of in . We investigate the Sobolev
Riemannian metrics on shape space: These are induced by metrics of the
following form on the space of immersions: G^P_f(h,k) = \int_{M} \g(P^f h,
k)\, \vol(f^*\g) where \g is some fixed metric on , f^*\g is the
induced metric on , are tangent vectors at to
the space of embeddings or immersions, and is a positive, selfadjoint,
bijective scalar pseudo differential operator of order depending smoothly
on . We consider later specifically the operator , where
is the Bochner-Laplacian on induced by the metric . For
these metrics we compute the geodesic equations both on the space of immersions
and on shape space, and also the conserved momenta arising from the obvious
symmetries. We also show that the geodesic equation is well-posed on spaces of
immersions, and also on diffeomorphism groups. We give examples of numerical
solutions.Comment: 52 pages, final version as it will appea
The Intergenerational Transmission of Income in Switzerland - A Comparison between Natives and Immigrants
This paper analyses the intergenerational income mobility for natives and immigrants in Switzerland. An IV approach based on data from two different data sets is used. As there is no adequate data on fathers, I revert to information from a period that differs from actual fathers’ work period. This methodological approach leads to a bias of the resulting intergenerational elasticity. Nevertheless, cross-national comparison of income mobility is still possible. A comparison across subgroups of the Swiss population shows strong differences between Swiss and immigrants. Compared to natives, immigrants are more immobile. Also, substantial heterogeneity is found across different ethnic groups. Using quantile regression, mobility for natives is found to be similar for all income quantiles. Among immigrants, mobility is higher at the lower as well as at the upper end of the income distribution. These patterns differ from previous results from other countries
Kindergarten Enrollment and the Intergenerational Transmission of Education
We use Swiss data to test whether intergenerational educational mobility is affected by the age at which children enroll in kindergarten. Taking advantage of heterogeneity across cantons we find that early kindergarten enrollment significantly increases educational mobility.Kindergarten, pre-school enrollment, educational mobility, intergenerational transmission of education
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