NEURAL NETWORK DISTRIBUTIONAL INITIAL CONDITION ROBUSTNESS IN POWER SYSTEMS

How can we measure and classify neural network robustness across differently distributed data to avoid misuse of machine learning tools? This thesis adopts several metrics to measure the initial condition robustness of feedforward neural networks, allowing the creators of such networks to measure and refine their robustness and performance. This could allow highly robust neural networks to be used reliably on untrained data distributions and prevent the use of less robust networks as a black box in a poor environment. We test this measurement of robustness on a series of differently sized neural networks trained to detect and classify microgrid power system faults, giving examples of both robust and nonrobust networks, along with suggestions on how to maximize robustness. The analysis reveals that collecting data from segments along trajectories enhances the robustness of neural networks. In such data sets, the distribution of data points is dominated by the dynamics of the system, not the initial state distribution.Ensign, United States NavyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

Premolar Development And Eruption In The Early Eocene Adapoids Cantius Ralstoni And Cantius Abditus (Mammalia, Primates)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78461/1/Contributions_32_no_03_12-22-10.pd

Immigration and Farm Labor in the U.S.

Hired workers comprise 33 percent of people employed on farms but do an estimated 60 percent of the work performed on U.S. farms. Most hired farm workers were born abroad, usually in Mexico, and most are believed not to be authorized to work in the U.S. Changes in Mexico-US migration flows and more restrictive immigration laws and policies have increased the vulnerability of U.S. agriculture to labor supply shocks, which could increase costs and threaten the ability of some farmers to harvest laborintensive crops. Congress is considering major changes in immigration policies. Farm employers want access to a reliable supply of legal foreign workers, while worker advocates want to protect the wellbeing and improve working conditions for both U.S. and immigrant farm workers

Displacement of Persons by Major Public Works: Anthropological Analysis of Social and Cultural Benefits and Costs from Stream Control Measures--Phase 5

This study is concerned with social change and social impact of a major public works project on the human population required to relocate the persons being forced to sell to the Federal Government or turn over through condemnation proceedings homes, farms, and/or businesses to facilitate completion of a Federally authorized stream control measure. It is intended to test the utility of anthropological method and concept in evaluating and explicating sociocultural impact, and in addition to check hypotheses concerning importance of impact on social and economic areas of culture of the persons to be displaced, on their emigration patterns, and their cultural adaptation, and other social effects of relocation. Conclusions reached are that application of anthropological concepts and methods yield more intelligible results than sociological studies based on data generation through highly artificial questionnaire methods with attempted quantification of what are basically non-quantifiable data. This does not mean that simple counts and raw percentage comparisons are not significant to demonstrate trends, but that complex arithmetic computations are often used to imply a degree of precision that does not exist and explains nothing, Social scientists, planners, and change agents must come to realize that there are aspects of the quality of human life which must be considered which cannot be defined in numbers. The study also presents evidence for the conclusion that in forced relocation in modern rural Kentucky, and probably elsewhere, social disruption is perceived as less disastrous and threatening, therefore less tension-producing, than perceived economic ill-effects. Finally, the study suggest ways in which the action agency involved in environment-changing major works could by social science-oriented planning mitigate the social costs of its operation

Prediction and Control of Urban Stormwater Quality- A Case Study

Paper by Philip B. Bedient, Jeff L. Lambert, Chris B. Amandes, and David P. Smit

MEASURING SQUASH HITTING ACCURACY USING THE ‘HUNT SQUASH ACCURACY TEST’

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Hunt Squash Accuracy Test (HSAT). Reliability: ten male squash players performed the HSAT twice within seven days. Each test consisted of 375 shots across 13 different types of squash strokes on both the forehand and backhand side. Reliability was measured using a typical error (TE) score from consecutive pairs of trials. The overall TE score for the test was 1.82%, demonstrating that the HSAT is very reliable at the 90% confidence limit. Validity: measured using a correlation analysis comparing the results of 8 individual’s HSAT scores against a round-robin tournament ranking where all 8 players played against each other, as well as coach rankings of player ability. Validity was considered high with correlation coefficients of 0.93 for both the round-robin and coach ranking

Vegetation structure moderates the effect of fire on bird assemblages in a heterogeneous landscape

Ecological theory predicting the impact of fire on ecological communities is typically focused on post-disturbance recovery processes or on disturbance-diversity dynamics. Yet the established relationship between vegetation structure and animal diversit

Early-type stars observed in the ESO UVES Paranal Observatory Project - V. Time-variable interstellar absorption

The structure and properties of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) on small scales, sub-au to 1 pc, are poorly understood. We compare interstellar absorption-lines, observed towards a selection of O- and B-type stars at two or more epochs, to search for variations over time caused by the transverse motion of each star combined with changes in the structure in the foreground ISM. Two sets of data were used: 83 VLT- UVES spectra with approximately 6 yr between epochs and 21 McDonald observatory 2.7m telescope echelle spectra with 6 - 20 yr between epochs, over a range of scales from 0 - 360 au. The interstellar absorption-lines observed at the two epochs were subtracted and searched for any residuals due to changes in the foreground ISM. Of the 104 sightlines investigated with typically five or more components in Na I D, possible temporal variation was identified in five UVES spectra (six components), in Ca II, Ca I and/or Na I absorption-lines. The variations detected range from 7\% to a factor of 3.6 in column density. No variation was found in any other interstellar species. Most sightlines show no variation, with 3{\sigma} upper limits to changes of the order 0.1 - 0.3 dex in Ca II and Na I. These variations observed imply that fine-scale structure is present in the ISM, but at the resolution available in this study, is not very common at visible wavelengths. A determination of the electron densities and lower limits to the total number density of a sample of the sightlines implies that there is no striking difference between these parameters in sightlines with, and sightlines without, varying components.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA