NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC ADMINISTRATION: CONTEMPORARY TRENDS

Topically applied drugs for the treatment of ocular inflammation are the most commonly used formulations due to many reasons: they are simple to use; they can be applied often and provide a high drug concentration; systemic side effects which are associated with oral administration can be avoided. But due to the physiological limitations of the eyes only a small number of anti-inflammatory agents, which have certain physico-chemical properties can be included in appropriate and efficient formulations for treatment of ocular inflammation. To prepare the optimal therapeutic and technological ophthalmic formulation, it is required to know the possibility of enhancing the bioavailability in the ocular tissues and to increase the therapeutic activity of the active substance, by using appropriate technological approaches to create a stable, tolerable and effective ophthalmic drug formulation. In this review, we focus on microemulsions, polymeric NPs, liposomes, SLNs, and nanosuspensions as formulations incorporating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for topical ophthalmic application.Â

Carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil based organogel biphasic formulations: Preparation and characterization of the bigels

Purpose: To obtain and evaluate carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil-based organogel biphasic formulations (bigels) as a semi-solid vehicle for medicated topical applications.Methods: Bigel formulations were obtained under mild conditions at a hydrogel/organogel ratio of 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 (w/w). Their stability, viscosity, spreadability, microarchitecture, and acute skin toxicity were evaluated.Results: Two formulations, prepared at ratios of 80/20 and 70/30, were stable based on intermediate stability testing, and had a similar viscosity and spreadability (38.0 ± 1.0 mm and 37.3 ± 0.6 mm, p > 0.05, respectively). Both of these formulations had a bimodal droplet size distribution and very similar values for the droplet mean diameter (0.33 ± 0.05 μm and 2.35 ± 0.44; and 0.34 ± 0.04 μm and 2.59 ± 0.21 μm). The formulation obtained at a ratio of 60/40 was unstable during storage. The in vivo results did not reveal any signs of skin toxicity.Conclusion: Considering their beneficial properties, the developed bigels are a potential semi-solid vehicle for topical application and exhibit a moisturizing effect.Keywords: Almond oil, Bigels, Carbopol hydrogel, Moisturizing effect, Organogel, Sorbitan monostearat

Abstracts Of The Proceedings And The Posters From The Third Scientific Session Of The Medical College Of Varna

October 2-3, 201