Medicinal plants with hepatoprotective action used by residents in the Varna region (Bulgaria)

Introduction: The use of medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of liver disease is traditionally used around the world. Herbal therapeutic agents with hepatoprotective action have been used in Bulgaria for a long time. Despite the popularity of some medicinal plants, in our country there are still no targeted ethnobotanical studies on the knowledge of local residents about the use of medicinal plants with hepatoprotective action.Aim: The aim of the present study is to establish the knowledge about the use of medicinal plants as hepatoprotectors by the locals of Varna city and the region.Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted through a face-to-face survey. A total of 171 locals from 10 settlements were interviewed. The obtained results are analyzed by a quantitative index for processing ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological information.Results: Twenty-eightspecies of medicinal plants belonging to 27 genera of 19 families have been reported for use as hepatoprotectors. The most popular medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of liver disease among the local population are Cichorium intybus L., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. and Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg.Conclusion: We report preserved ethnobotanical knowledge of the locals about the use of medicinal plants with hepatoprotective action. The choice of medicinal plants is most often consulted with a doctor. The data from this study can serve as a basis for research on Bulgarian species of medicinal plants in order to develop food supplements and pharmaceuticals for the prevention and treatment of liver disease

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 12

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: red algae Hildenbrandia rivularis, saprotrophic fungus Cryptomarasmius corbariensis, lichenised fungi Lecanora stenotropa, Micarea misella and Sticta sylvatica, liverworts Fossombronia caespitiformis and Peltolepis quadrata, mosses Dicranoweisia cirrata and Fissidens exilis, horsetail Equisetum × moorei, gymnosperm Juniperus virginiana, monocots Galanthus reginae-olgae subsp. vernalis and Spiranthes spiralis and dicots Linaria pelisseriana, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Pilosella rhodopea and Taraxacum erythrospermum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

Prognostic markers in quadruple negative breast cancer

Quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC) presents with negative expression of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors and of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. This BC subtype has the worst prognosis. In QNBC, there is a greater paucity of prognostic biomarkers than in androgen receptors-positive triple negative BC (TNBC). Absent androgen receptor expression confers a more aggressive QNBC course and correlates with the expression of cancer stem cell phenotype, COX-2, and basal markers such as CK5 and nestin. Basal-like phenotype is significantly associated with adverse prognostic markers including high KI-67, COX-2 expression, and cancer stem cell phenotype. Engrailed-1 expression is associated with unfavorable overall survival in QNBC patients. Non-coding ribonucleic acids play a significant role in BC tumourigenesis by virtue of their oncogenic and tumour-suppressive properties. The identification of QNBC-specific circulating microribonucleic acids may improve tumour detection and prognosis. There is an obvious necessity to intensify the problem-oriented interdisciplinary research on the hot topic of prognostic biomarkers of QNBC

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 4

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: diatom alga Stauroneis neofossilis, parasitic fungus Anthracoidea arenariae, horsetail Equisetum hyemale, liverwort Harpanthus flotovianus, mosses Fissidens exilis and Rhizomnium punctatum, monocots Epipactis helleborine subsp. orbicularis, Himantoglossum calcaratum subsp. rumelicum and Schoenus nigricans and dicots Calluna vulgaris, Mahonia aquifolium and Willemetia stipitata subsp. albanica

Novi i značajni podaci o biljkama, algama i gljivama iz JI Evrope i susednih regiona, 10

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: red algae Lemanea rigida and Paralemanea torulosa, mycorrhizal fungi Amanita simulans and Terfezia pseudoleptoderma, parasitic fungus Microbotryum vinosum, saprotrophic fungus Sarcoscypha jurana, stonewort Chara tenuispina, mosses Brachytheciastrum collinum and Meesia longiseta, monocots Dactylorhiza romana and Neotinea maculata and dicots Adenophora liliifolia, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Tanacetum corymbosum subsp. cinereum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions.U radu su prikazani novi i značajni podaci sa područja JI Evrope i susednih regiona o sledećim taksonima: crvenim algama Lemanea rigida i Paralemanea torulosa, mikorizalnim gljivama Amanita simulans i Terfezia pseudoleptoderma, parazitskoj gljivi Microbotryum vinosum, saprofitnoj gljivi Sarcoscypha jurana, pršljenčici Chara tenuispina, mahovinama Brachytheciastrum collinum i Meesia longiseta, monokotilama Dactylorhiza romana i Neotinea maculata i dikotilama Adenophora liliifolia, Ambrosia artemisiifolia i Tanacetum corymbosum subsp. cinereum

Novi i značajni podaci o biljkama, algama i gljivama iz JI Evrope i susednih regiona, 9

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: red algae Lemanea fucina and Paralemanea annulata, parasitic fungus Anthracoidea pratensis, saprotrophic fungi Cyathus olla, Massaria campestris, and Xylaria sicula, stonewort Chara canescens, liverworts Gymnomitrion commutatum and Porella baueri, moss Acaulon triquetrum, monocots Anacamptis laxiflora, Cephalanthera damasonium, and Himantoglossum robertianum and dicot Jacobaea othonnae are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions.U radu su prikazani novi i značajni podaci sa područja JI Evrope i susednih regiona o sledećim taksonima: crvenim algama Lemanea fucina i Paralemanea annulata, parazitskoj gljivi Anthracoidea pratensis, saprofitskim gljivama Cyathus olla, Massaria campestris i Xylaria sicula, pršljenčici Chara canescens, jetrenjačama Gymnomitrion commutatum i Porella baueri, mahovini Acaulon triquetrum, monokotilama Anacamptis laxiflora, Cephalanthera damasonium i Himantoglossum robertianum i dikotili Jacobaea othonnae

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 12

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: red algae Hildenbrandia rivularis, saprotrophic fungus Cryptomarasmius corbariensis, lichenised fungi Lecanora stenotropa, Micarea misella and Sticta sylvatica, liverworts Fossombronia caespitiformis and Peltolepis quadrata, mosses Dicranoweisia cirrata and Fissidens exilis, horsetail Equisetum × moorei, gymnosperm Juniperus virginiana, monocots Galanthus reginae-olgae subsp. vernalis and Spiranthes spiralis and dicots Linaria pelisseriana, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Pilosella rhodopea and Taraxacum erythrospermum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants in the Region of the North Black Sea Coast // Етноботаническо проучване на лечебните растения в района на северночерноморско крайбрежие

The ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the region of the North Black Sea coast describes the knowledge of the locals about the application of medicinal plants in: human and veterinary medicine, for cosmetic and culinary purposes, for pet food and bee grazing, for household and decorative purposes, for weather forecast, for sale and in folk traditions and customs. Seven hundred nine residents from 32 settlements located on the North Black Sea coast were interviewed. The interviews were conducted using the “face-to-face” technique. Three hundred thirty-three species of medicinal plants belonging to 251 genera and 90 families have been identified, used by the locals of the study area. Have been recorded the frequency of use, the shipment method of the usable part has been studied, the popular names have been recorded. А floristic analysis was prepared of the floristic subregion of the North Black Sea coast has been prepared. The conservation status of the used medicinal plants has been studied. The level of stored knowledge, the choice of the type and number of used medicinal plants, and the number of residents who use them have been established. The dependence of the demographic indicators (age, sex, ethnicity, education, employment) of the locals on the use of medicinal plants has been established. Quantitative ethnobotanical analysis has been prepared. A database with primary information has been created.Етноботаническото проучване на лечебните растения в района на Северно Черноморско крайбрежие описва знанието на местните жители за приложението на лечебните растения в: хуманната и ветеринарна медицина, за козметични и кулинарни цели, за храна на домашни животни и паша на пчели, за домакински и декоративни цели, за прогноза на времето, за продажба и в народните традиции и обичаи. Анкетирани са 709 местни жители от 32 населени места, разположени по Северно Черноморско крайбрежие. Интервютата са проведени чрез техниката „лице в лице“. Установени са 333 вида лечебни растения принадлежащи към 251 рода и 90 семейства, употребявани от местните жители на изследвания район. Проучена е честотата на използване, начините на получаване, използваемата част, записани са народните наименования. Изготвен е флористичен анализ на флористичен подрайон Северно Черноморско крайбрежие. Проучен е природозащитният статус на използваните лечебни растения. Установена е степента на съхранено знание, изборът на вида и броя на използвани лечебни растения, както и броят на местните жители, които ги употребяват. Установена е зависимостта на демографските показатели (възраст, пол, етнос, образование, заетост) на местните жители към употребата на лечебните растения. Изготвен е количествен етноботанически анализ. Създадена е база данни с първична информация

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 8

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: diatom alga Cylindrotheca gracilis, fungi Laccaria macrocystidiata, liverworts Riccia canaliculata, Riccia cavernosa, and Riccia frostii, mosses Dicranum viride, monocots Arundo donax, Cephalanthera rubra, Epipactis palustris, and Sternbergia colchiciflora and dicots Aconitum anthora and Cephalaria pastricensis are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 7

his paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: stonewort Chara intermedia, liverworts Fossombronia wondraczekii and Pseudomoerckia blyttii, mosses Hamatocaulis vernicosus and Hookeria lucens, monocots Gladiolus palustris, Neotinea tridentata, and Orchis militaris and dicots Cardamine serbica, Cardamine waldsteinii, Hieracium kotschyanum and Pilosella petraea are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions