Forms of the criminal environment counteraction to performing the function of state protection of participants in criminal proceedings and measures of its neutralization

Criminal environment’s counteraction is considered as purposeful, active and intentional influence of its representatives on participants in criminal proceedings. It is directed at persons who, due to their professional duties, are involved in detection and investigation of crimes as well as court proceedings, or who possess evidentiary information (witnesses, victims, etc.). Counteraction may be expressed in different ways: discrediting operatives, investigators and judges; pressure on persons involved in the investigation and the trial through bribery, blackmail, threats to life and health of themselves and their family, etc. The administration of justice becomes inefficient due to the variety of forms and purposes of counteraction. The importance of operational units’ awareness of the activities of criminal environment representatives is shown. The importance of revealing the facts of unlawful influence on witnesses and victims of crime, who subsequently acquire procedural status of witnesses and victims, in order to prevent such facts is also stressed. It is proposed to suppress the counteraction of criminal environment by following ways: 1) identifying (with the help of informants and by crime detection actions) the persons attempting to influence the preliminary investigation; 2) documenting the suspects actions aimed at illegal influence on participants in criminal proceedings for the purpose of conducting the procedural actions and decision making; 3) “in cell” (using an agent) crime detection actions against detainees and arrestees throughout the whole process of covert operation; 4) creating investigative team to develop a common mechanism to neutralize criminal environment’s counteraction to crime investigation

НОЗОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА ПАТОЛОГИЙ ПЕЧЕНИ И ЖЕЛЧНЫХ ПРОТОКОВ У ДОМАШНИХ КОШЕК

In domestic cats, hepatobiliary pathology is quite widespread and is represented by cholangitis, cholangiohepatitis, cholelithiasis, lipidosis, triaditis, liver neoplasia. The most prevalent are cholangiohepatitis and liver lipidosis. Liver neoplasia and cholelithiasis are rare. Tumors of the hepatobiliary tract in domestic cats are represented by hepatocellular carcinoma, lymphoma, bile duct cancer, fibrosarcoma, and hepatocellular adenoma.У домашних кошек гепатобилиарная патология достаточно широко распространена и представлена холангитом, холангиогепатитом, холелитиазом, липидозом, триадитом, неоплазией печени. Наиболее превалентными являются холангиогепатит и липидоз печени. Редко встречается неоплазия печени и холелитиаз. Опухоли гепатобилиарного тракта у домашних кошек представлены печеночноклеточным раком, лимфомой, раком желчных протоков, фибросаркомой и печеночноклеточной аденомой

Патофизиологическая реакция эритроцитов на острый воспалительный процесс в печени у собак

Агрегация и поверхностная геометрия эритроцитов в значительной мере определяют текучесть крови, тем самым влияя на жизнеспособность организма в условиях патологии. В проведенном исследовании оценена реакция морфофункциональных свойств эритроцитов на острый идиопатический гепатит. Установлено, что наличие острого воспаления в ткани печени негативно меняет реологические свойства значительной части эритроцитов. У модельных животных найдена деформация большого числа эритроцитов. В их крови было уменьшено количество эритроцитов-дискоцитов и эритроцитов-нормоцитов. В крови модельных животных отмечался рост количества измененных эритроцитов и увеличение числа агрегатов эритроцитов в форме «монетных столбиков». При остром воспалении печени значительное число эритроцитов имело атипичную форму. В крови этих животных понижалось число дискоцитов, появлялись эхиноциты и шизоциты. Это сопровождалось у них усилением процесса агрегатообразования. Также в исследованной модели в крови животных повышалось количество эритроцитов с тельцами Жолли. Данное явление сопровождалось пойкилоцитозом, который длительно сохранялся и стойко нарушал микроциркуляцию во всех тканях. Полученные результаты исследования указывают на развитие сложной функциональной перестройки эритрона в условиях острого воспаления ткани печени. Становится ясно, что острый воспалительный процесс в печеночной ткани является причиной увеличения разнородности популяции эритроцитов и сильно ухудшает их реологические свойства, а следовательно, затрудняет процессы перфузии капилляров

Патофизиологическая реакция эритроцитов на острый воспалительный процесс в печени у собак

Агрегация и поверхностная геометрия эритроцитов в значительной мере определяют текучесть крови, тем самым влияя на жизнеспособность организма в условиях патологии. В проведенном исследовании оценена реакция морфофункциональных свойств эритроцитов на острый идиопатический гепатит. Установлено, что наличие острого воспаления в ткани печени негативно меняет реологические свойства значительной части эритроцитов. У модельных животных найдена деформация большого числа эритроцитов. В их крови было уменьшено количество эритроцитов-дискоцитов и эритроцитов-нормоцитов. В крови модельных животных отмечался рост количества измененных эритроцитов и увеличение числа агрегатов эритроцитов в форме «монетных столбиков». При остром воспалении печени значительное число эритроцитов имело атипичную форму. В крови этих животных понижалось число дискоцитов, появлялись эхиноциты и шизоциты. Это сопровождалось у них усилением процесса агрегатообразования. Также в исследованной модели в крови животных повышалось количество эритроцитов с тельцами Жолли. Данное явление сопровождалось пойкилоцитозом, который длительно сохранялся и стойко нарушал микроциркуляцию во всех тканях. Полученные результаты исследования указывают на развитие сложной функциональной перестройки эритрона в условиях острого воспаления ткани печени. Становится ясно, что острый воспалительный процесс в печеночной ткани является причиной увеличения разнородности популяции эритроцитов и сильно ухудшает их реологические свойства, а следовательно, затрудняет процессы перфузии капилляров

Diagnosis of the nutritional value of colostrum in cows of different milk yield

When forming in an organism of a newborn calf of tentative immunity, the main source of immunoglobulins, a lysozyme, the functionally active leukocytes and lymphocytes, a colostrum is. The quality of a colostrum is a very important condition for formation of full-fledged immunity. A number of scientists claim that cows of different lactic breeds considerably differ on the level of lactic efficiency, at the same time the mass fraction of immunoglobulins negatively correlates with amount of colostrum at the first milking. Studying of dynamics of quality of a colostrum depending on the size of a milk yielding of cows for a lactation was a primal problem of researches. As an object of researches served the cows of four breeds divorced in the Samara region: Black Pied breeds, Bestuzhev, Holstein and Ayrshire. It is established that the content of immunoglobulins in a colostrum of the first yield of milk at cows of different breeds changes under the influence of the level of lactic efficiency and also with the animals' age. The highest content of immunoglobulins was in a colostrum of Bestuzhev breed – 103.35-81.38 g/l, and the lowest at Holstein breed – 74.52-42.29 g/l. Immunoglobulins of a colostrum are divided into three classes – IgG, IgA, IGM. In a colostrum of the first milk yielding of cows of Black Pied breed the share of IgG makes 84.1-85.5%, Bestuzhev breed – 85.7-86.3%, Holstein – 83.9-84.4%, Ayrshire – 85.7-86.6%. The tendency of increase in a share of IgG, in process of increase in milk yields of cows for a lactation is noted. It is established that at increase in level of lactic efficiency of cows, the quality of a colostrum decreases and the number of incidence of calves increases. As a result, the size of average daily gain of young growth live weight proportionally decreases. On the basis of the received results we recommend to estimate quality of a colostrum of the first milk yield by means of an optical or digital refractometer. Carry out the targeted selection work with breeds in the direction of colostrum upgrading

Efficiency of antihelmitic drugs in the treatment of canine intestinal nematodes

The work presents the effectiveness of anthelmintic drugs in the treatment of canine intestinal nematodoses, since gastrointestinal parasites are the most common canine infectious agents and cause developmental delay, anorexia, anemia, diarrhea, which leads to significant damage to the dog's body and even death. In this regard, the analysis of the comparative efficacy of anthelmintic drugs for nematodoses in naturally invasive dogs was the aim of the present studies. As a result, it was found that using the combined therapeutic scheme of anthelmintic and probiotic, the complete disappearance of canine helminthiasis clinical signs was noted by the 10th day of treatment. This indicates a positive effect of symptomatic therapy for helminthiases. © 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved

The effects of meldonium on microrheological abnormalities of erythrocytes in rats with obesity: An experimental study

Background: The microrheological disorders of red blood cells in obesity is often missed by the researchers. This study aimed to report an experimental investigation on laboratory animals with developed obesity and to find out the effect of meldonium on the erythrocytes. Methods: A total of 95 healthy male-rats of Vistar line were taken into the investigation, 29 animals had experienced no impacts and allocated as the control group, while 64 rats which had developed obesity induced by a cardioangionefopathogenic semisynthetic diet into the obesity group. These rats were casually divided into an experimental (34 rats) group and the control group (30 rats). The rats of the experimental group in the next ten days were intragastrically injected with meldonium for 80 mg/kg. The biochemical, hematological and statistical methods of investigation were used in this study. Results: During the formation of obesity and the use of meldonium, the body weight of the rats were gradually decreased to the normal level. On the obese rat’s group receiving meldonium, the content of the lipids peroxidation products in erythrocytes progressively decreased. and reached the level of the healthy control rats group. Moreover, there was a decrease in the number of erythrocytes-discocytes accompanied by an increase in the reversible and irreversible changes. These values were returned to the level of the healthy control rats group at the end of the observation. This pattern was observed in the total number of erythrocytes aggregate and free erythrocytes. Conclusion: The application of meldonium eliminates the existing erythrocytes abnormal microrheological features in the rats with recently developed obesity. © 2020, Sanglah General Hospital. All rights reserved

Prevalence and surgical treatment of swelling occurring in Syrian Awassi sheep based on the IoT technology

One of the unexpected earlier adopters of IoT principles and implementations has been agriculture, resulting in new farming methods from AgriTech. In monitoring and tracking livestock and crops over long distances, particularly for larger arable farms, the IoT meets the needs of many of the challenges farmers have. This paper presents an IoT-based monitoring and medical system designed to screen and improve the health of sheeps. Studies have been conducted on 29,740 Syrian Awassi sheep of different ages and of both genders. The percentage of prevalence swellings was 6.63%, many of which affect the body of the sheep-like caseous lymphadenitis, abscesses, hernias, hygromas, granulomas, hematomas, and cysts. Change in inguinal hernia has not been shown. The percentage of hygroma in males was higher than females, the percentage of granuloma in females was higher than males, and the percentage of hematoma was equal in males and females, the percentage of cysts in females was higher than males (0%). The result of the current study revealed that infections were higher in females than males in any type of swellings. Copyright © 2021 Inderscience Enterprises Lt

Prevalence and surgical treatment of swelling occurring in Syrian Awassi sheep

This study was conducted on 29740 Syrian Awassi Sheep in different ages and of both genders. The percentage of prevalence swellings was 6.63%, that were caseous lymphadenitis, abscesses, hernias, hygromas, granulomas, heamtomas, and cysts with percentage of 4.875, 1.277, 0.305, 0.147, 0.016, 0.006, and 0.003%, respectively. The percentage of swellings according to gender was 9.91% for females and 1.90% for males. The prevalence percentage of caseous lymphadenitis was 7.525 and 1.065%, abscesses 1.824 and 0.491%, hernia 0.393 and 0.180% in female and male, respectively. There were different types of hernias, where sheep to be affected i.e. abdominal hernia (0.221%), umblica (0.030%), congenital cord umbilical (0.047%) and scrotal hernia (0.006%). The percentage of hygroma in males (0.142%) was higher than females (0.155%); however, the granuloma in females (0.022%) was higher than males (0.008%), and heamatoma was equal in both sexes (0.005%). In addition, the cysts in females (0.005%) was higher than males (0%). The result revealed that infections were higher in females than males in any type of swellings. © 2021 Iranian Society of Ichthyology