Using a composition of convective instability indices to predict the occurrence of polar mesocyclones in the Arctic region of Russia

The article presents a brief description of the developed technological line for the automatic prediction of the occurrence of polar mesocyclones in the Arctic region of Russia. Technological line includes a block of numerical simulation Polar WRF with the setting of initial and boundary conditions according to the GFS model, a block for calculating convective instability indices, a block for calculating the probability fields of polar mesocyclone nucleation using regional thresholds for selected indices, a visualization subsystem that allows to select an area with a given probability of detecting a perturbation. The paper gives a description of the proposed method for predicting polar mesocyclones, and justifies the use of a number of convective indices as prognostic predictors. For the convective indices used, regional threshold values were determined, the excess of which in a given direction in a limited area increases the probability of a polar mesocyclone occurring in this zone. The operation of the developed forecasting technological line is described. The results of prognostic calculations for a number of mesocyclones observed in 2022 are demonstrated. Estimates of the justification of the forecast based on the results of continuous operation of the technology in test mode from January to December 2022 are presented

Electric Discharge Plasmochemical Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials

High-energy electric discharge technologies (electric breakdown and HF volume discharge in organic media) for a large scale synthesis of amorphous carbon (AC) are developed. A destruction of hydrocarbon molecules into separate fragments occurs during such processing of organic media, what results in AC formation in the process of ultra-fast cooling of the clusters. To investigate the influence of chemical nature of working media, organic liquids and gases from the class of arenes with sp2-hybridisation of carbon atoms in molecule and alkanes with sp3-hybridisation were used. Performed XRD, HRTEM and Raman studies showed that produced powders are typical amorphous materials with significant degree of disorder. But only in the case of electric breakdown of alkanes, carbon nanomaterials with complex core-shell structure were discovered. Individual particles of onion-like carbon (OLC) consist of ~ 5 nm core surrounded by graphitic shell of 5-6 layers. Synthesized OLC is used as antifriction additives to industrial oils and as material for electromagnetic waves shielding. The statistical analysis of the atomic structure of the synthesized materials using reverse Monte Carlo and Voronoi-Delaunay methods was performed. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3509