Probiotic potential of Lactobacillus fermentum G-4 originating from the meconium of newborns

The present study was dedicated to determining probiotic potential of a human isolate G-4, originated from meconium. The isolate was identified using morphological, physiological and biochemical assays and molecular method based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In order to evaluate its probiotic properties in vitro tests were performed: the survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, adhesion to hexadecane, and antimicrobial activity. Safety aspects of the isolate were examined by testing toxicity, gastrointestinal tolerance and bacterial translocation in vivo, as well as hemolytic activity in vitro. The isolate G-4, identified as Lactobacillus fermentum, showed viability in artificial gastric and intestinal juice (low degree of cell viability reduction for 0.69 and 1.30 logCFU mL(-1) units, respectively), moderate adhesion to hexadecane (39 +/- 2.1 %), and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Abony and Clostridium sporogenes, due to production of lactic acid (9.80 g L-1). No signs of toxicity, bacterial translocation, hemolytic activity, were observed

Preliminary evaluation of the in vitro release and in vivo absorption in rabbits of the modified-release dosage forms

Objective: The suitability of the rabbit as an animal model for the primary screening and selection of the pilot scale batches during the early stages of the formulation development was studied. Materials and methods: Three modified-release formulations of aminophylline consisted of Carbopol (R) 971P/HPMC K4M (F-I), and HPMC K100M (F-II) or HPMC K4M (F-III) were used. Commercial products were Aminofilin retard 350 mg tablets, Srbolek, Serbia (R-I) and Phyllocontin (R) 350, tablets Purdue Frederic, Canada (R-II). Results: Calculated release rate constants and the f2 values between R-I/F-I (84.1) and R-II/F-III (83.4) indicated similar in vitro release while the coefficient n showed presence of different mechanisms of release from Anomalous transport, Fickian diffusion to Case-II transport. Higher T-max, was found in the rabbits, dosed with F-II (12.00 h), F-III (10.50 h), and R-II (15.00 h) formulation. The highest C-max (9.22 mg/L) was obtained with F-II, similar lower values was seen for F-I and F-III, while commercial products showed the lowest values R-I (5.58 mg/L) and R-II (4.18 mg/L). Higher AUC values were detected for all three formulations (from 115.90 to 204.06 mgh/L) in relation to commercial products (105.33 and 113.25 mgh/L). Discussion and conclusion: The results demonstrated a good correlation of Level A (r(2) = 0.97) for the two formulations (F-I, F-III) and commercial product (R-I) indicates that there is a reasonable assumption that the rabbit might be use as a model for the preliminary comparison of scale up formulations in the early stages of the product development