EFFECT OF CONTACT ANGLE AND TANK GEOMETRY ON THE CONFIGURATION OF THE LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACE DURING WEIGHTLESSNESS

Effect of contact angle and space vehicle tank geometry on configuration of rocket propellant liquid-vapor interface during weightlessnes

Results and status of the NASA aircraft engine emission reduction technology programs

The results of an aircraft engine emission reduction study are reviewed in detail. The capability of combustor concepts to produce significantly lower levels of exhaust emissions than present production combustors was evaluated. The development status of each combustor concept is discussed relative to its potential for implementation in aircraft engines. Also, the ability of these combustor concepts to achieve proposed NME and NCE EPA standards is discussed

Features of the structure of addictive identity in adolescence

© Authors. The relevance of the study of this problem is due to the lack of reliable information about the psychological mechanisms, phenomenology and psychological structure of addictive behavior of a personality in adolescence, which is the main cause of insufficient effectiveness for implementation of corrective measures. In this regard, this article aims to study addictive identity structure in the chemical (alcohol and drug) addiction both at the level of structural components of identity in adolescence and that of their structural organization. The leading methods of the problem study are the empirical methods of studying the structural components of addictive identity. The experiment involved 96 young men at the age of 18-24 years old. Of them 55 people are with alcohol dependence, 41 people with drug (opioid) addiction. The study found that addictive identity of young persons with chemical dependence (alcohol and drug) at the level of structural components is characterized by simple undifferentiated cognitive constructs meaningfully related to the object of addiction; flattened motivational profile, as well as a discrepancy at the level of the valuable component of identity. Identified in the study features allow to state that at the level of structural organization an addictive identity of young persons, both at alcohol and drug dependence, is characterized by disintegrated structural organization of identity. Clinical and psychological diagnosis of addictive identity structure with alcohol and drug addiction should be viewed as prognostic basis in the process of socio-psychological rehabilitation of young men with chemical addiction. The identified structural features of addictive identity serve as predictors in determining the risk groups by the given deviant status

The reciprocal organization of constructive activity in drug addiction

© 2016 Akhmetzyanova et al.The urgency of the problem stated in the article is caused by the fact that modern scientific studies show that sustainable neuro-associative connections with the object of addiction arise at chemical addiction. The aim of this study is to examine the features of the reciprocal organization of constructive activities in drug addiction. Study of the constructive activity of patients with drug addiction in comparison with the group in norm was carried out by using the experimental method. The study found a decrease of constructive activity in drug addiction by the characteristics of performance pace and accuracy, regulated by reciprocal and auditory-motor coordination, which, in turn, are also significantly reduced. Reciprocal organization in drug addiction is characterized by impaired proprioceptive kinesthetic afferentation of motor act at safety of outer space organization of movements, lack of differentiation and low handling of movements, movement program disorders, as well as the replacement of the right movements by motor patterns and stereotypes. The obtained results are experimental psychological argument for the need to introduce neuropsychological block in the system of psychotherapeutic impact, which includes the tasks aimed at increasing reciprocal organizations to improve the general level of constructive activity in order to create alternative to the stereotyped models of mental activity and patterns of behavior

Systematic review with radiomics quality score of cholangiocarcinoma: an EuSoMII Radiomics Auditing Group Initiative

Objectives To systematically review current research applications of radiomics in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and to assess the quality of CT and MRI radiomics studies. Methods A systematic search was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to identify original studies assessing radiomics of cholangiocarcinoma on CT and/or MRI. Three readers with different experience levels independently assessed quality of the studies using the radiomics quality score (RQS). Subgroup analyses were performed according to journal type, year of publication, quartile and impact factor (from the Journal Citation Report database), type of cholangiocarcinoma, imaging modality, and number of patients. Results A total of 38 original studies including 6242 patients (median 134 patients) were selected. The median RQS was 9 (corresponding to 25.0% of the total RQS; IQR 1-13) for reader 1, 8 (22.2%, IQR 3-12) for reader 2, and 10 (27.8%; IQR 5-14) for reader 3. The inter-reader agreement was good with an ICC of 0.75 (95% CI 0.62-0.85) for the total RQS. All studies were retrospective and none of them had phantom assessment, imaging at multiple time points, nor performed cost-effectiveness analysis. The RQS was significantly higher in studies published in journals with impact factor > 4 (median 11 vs. 4, p = 0.048 for reader 1) and including more than 100 patients (median 11.5 vs. 0.5, p < 0.001 for reader 1). Conclusions Quality of radiomics studies on cholangiocarcinoma is insufficient based on the radiomics quality score. Future research should consider prospective studies with a standardized methodology, validation in multi-institutional external cohorts, and open science data

Study of social network interference of memory processes in adolescence

Memory is the fundamental basis of human learning. Conceptual assessment and study of the memory mechanisms, its formation, consolidation and preservation at different levels of the structural and functional organization of the nervous system constitutes the necessary knowledge for solving many problems of practical and fundamental psychology. This article presents the study of memory, namely the process of its transition from a short-term to a more stable long-term form in a digital environment under the influence of the interference factor of social networks. The aim of the work is to study the influence of the social network interference factor on the processes of consolidation and reconsolidation of memory in adolescence. The total sample size was 68 adolescents aged 12–17 years. The authors conducted an experiment to achieve this goal. Its results showed that adolescents have difficulty remembering information in the form of short, successive videos in the digital space. It was found that videos that are characterized not only by visual accompaniment, but also by speech production are subject to better memorization. Under the influence of the interfering factor of social networks, adolescents faced difficulties in linking individual elements of stimuli with each other – they connected elements of one video with elements of another. According to one of the provisions of the theory of interference, information storage is characterized by the “unbinding” of representations of objects, followed by their reverse linking in an arbitrary combination during further reproduction

Specific features of memory consolidation and reconsolidation in older individuals with vision and hearing impairments

This study aimed to specify this issue by analyzing memory consolidation and reconsolidation processes in older people with sensory deficit

Radial distribution of a single-pass amplified radiation in the active elements of CuBr lasers

The paper presents the results of study of single-pass amplified radiation distribution of copper bromide vapor laser active elements used in high-speed laser monitors. The possibility of modifying the profile of a single-pass amplified light beam by changing the copper bromide vapor concentration is demonstrated. This means of influence on the radiation profile seems to be easiest due to implementation by varying only one parameter of operation. Gaussian, ring-shaped or flat profiles can be achieved depending on the temperature of the containers with copper bromide. The diameter of the beam becomes narrower when increasing the concentration of copper bromide vapor. This feature is characteristic of the discharge tubes as small (diameter 2.5, length 5 cm) and large (diameter 5 cm, length 90 cm) active volume

Analysis of the diagnostic and economic impact of the combined artificial intelligence algorithm for analysis of 10 pathological findings on chest computed tomography

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence technology can help solve the significant problem of missed findings in radiology studies. An important issue is assessing the economic benefits of implementing artificial intelligence. AIM: To evaluate the frequency of missed pathologies detection and the economic potential of artificial intelligence technology for chest computed tomography compared and validated by experienced radiologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational, single-center retrospective study. The study included chest computed tomography without IV contrast from June 1 to July 31, 2022, in Clinical Hospital in Yauza, Moscow. The computed tomography was processed using a complex artificial intelligence algorithm for 10 pathologies: pulmonary infiltrates, typical for viral pneumonia (COVID-19 in pandemic conditions); lung nodules; pleural effusion; pulmonary emphysema; thoracic aortic dilatation; pulmonary trunk dilatation; coronary artery calcification; adrenal hyperplasia; and osteoporosis (vertebral body height and density changes). Two experts analyzed computed tomography and compared results with artificial intelligence. Further routing was determined according to clinical guidelines for all findings initially detected and missed by radiologists. The hospital price list determined the potential revenue loss for each patient. RESULTS: From the final 160 computed tomographies, the artificial intelligence identified 90 studies (56%) with pathologies, of which 81 (51%) were missing at least one pathology in the report. The second-stage lost potential revenue for all pathologies from 81 patients was RUB 2,847,760 ($37,251 or CNY 256,218). Lost potential revenue only for those pathologies missed by radiologists but detected by artificial intelligence was RUB 2,065,360 ($27,017 or CNY 185,824). CONCLUSION: Using artificial intelligence as an assistant to the radiologist for chest computed tomography can dramatically minimize the number of missed abnormalities. Compared with the normal model without artificial intelligence, using artificial intelligence can provide 3.6 times more benefits. Using advanced artificial intelligence for chest computed tomography can save money

METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS): a quality scoring tool for radiomics research endorsed by EuSoMII

Purpose: To propose a new quality scoring tool, METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS), to assess and improve research quality of radiomics studies. Methods: We conducted an online modified Delphi study with a group of international experts. It was performed in three consecutive stages: Stage#1, item preparation; Stage#2, panel discussion among EuSoMII Auditing Group members to identify the items to be voted; and Stage#3, four rounds of the modified Delphi exercise by panelists to determine the items eligible for the METRICS and their weights. The consensus threshold was 75%. Based on the median ranks derived from expert panel opinion and their rank-sum based conversion to importance scores, the category and item weights were calculated. Result: In total, 59 panelists from 19 countries participated in selection and ranking of the items and categories. Final METRICS tool included 30 items within 9 categories. According to their weights, the categories were in descending order of importance: study design, imaging data, image processing and feature extraction, metrics and comparison, testing, feature processing, preparation for modeling, segmentation, and open science. A web application and a repository were developed to streamline the calculation of the METRICS score and to collect feedback from the radiomics community. Conclusion: In this work, we developed a scoring tool for assessing the methodological quality of the radiomics research, with a large international panel and a modified Delphi protocol. With its conditional format to cover methodological variations, it provides a well-constructed framework for the key methodological concepts to assess the quality of radiomic research papers. Critical relevance statement: A quality assessment tool, METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS), is made available by a large group of international domain experts, with transparent methodology, aiming at evaluating and improving research quality in radiomics and machine learning. Key points: • A methodological scoring tool, METRICS, was developed for assessing the quality of radiomics research, with a large international expert panel and a modified Delphi protocol. • The proposed scoring tool presents expert opinion-based importance weights of categories and items with a transparent methodology for the first time. • METRICS accounts for varying use cases, from handcrafted radiomics to entirely deep learning-based pipelines. • A web application has been developed to help with the calculation of the METRICS score (https://metricsscore.github.io/metrics/METRICS.html) and a repository created to collect feedback from the radiomics community (https://github.com/metricsscore/metrics). Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.