4 research outputs found
Human and animal campylobacteriosis in Tanzania: a review
12pThe thermotolerant species of Campylobacter have become very important in public health, particularly as agents of infectious diarrhoea in human beings. Though the mechanism by which they cause disease is yet to be fully explained, they have been recognized as the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in both developed and developing countries. The organisms colonize different animal species without causing any symptoms of disease; and humans acquire infections through contact with or consumption of contaminated meat especially raw/undercooked poultry meat. The growing trend of antibiotic resistant Campylobacter isolates continues to pose significant public health challenges. In this review we present the available information generated in Tanzania about Campylobacter infections in humans and animals. We conducted a structured literature search of PUBMED and ScienceDirect electronic databases and identified 15 articles. Studies on humans reported Campylobacter infections in both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects; with higher prevalence in children under the age of five years. Studies on animals found colonization of both domestic and wild species. Among isolates, some demonstrated antimicrobial resistance. The available information for both human and animal Campylobacteriosis in the country is sparse. It however provides an insight of the bacteriological and epidemiological aspects of Campylobacter infections in the country and eventually creates more awareness on the need to develop control strategies. Since the organism is zoonotic its control strategies should adopt the “One Health” approach involving collaborative efforts from veterinary and human medicine
Human and animal campylobacteriosis in Tanzania: a review
12pThe thermotolerant species of Campylobacter have become very important in public health, particularly as agents of infectious diarrhoea in human beings. Though the mechanism by which they cause disease is yet to be fully explained, they have been recognized as the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in both developed and developing countries. The organisms colonize different animal species without causing any symptoms of disease; and humans acquire infections through contact with or consumption of contaminated meat especially raw/undercooked poultry meat. The growing trend of antibiotic resistant Campylobacter isolates continues to pose significant public health challenges. In this review we present the available information generated in Tanzania about Campylobacter infections in humans and animals. We conducted a structured literature search of PUBMED and ScienceDirect electronic databases and identified 15 articles. Studies on humans reported Campylobacter infections in both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects; with higher prevalence in children under the age of five years. Studies on animals found colonization of both domestic and wild species. Among isolates, some demonstrated antimicrobial resistance. The available information for both human and animal Campylobacteriosis in the country is sparse. It however provides an insight of the bacteriological and epidemiological aspects of Campylobacter infections in the country and eventually creates more awareness on the need to develop control strategies. Since the organism is zoonotic its control strategies should adopt the “One Health” approach involving collaborative efforts from veterinary and human medicine
Human and animal Campylobacteriosis in Tanzania: A review
The thermotolerant species of Campylobacter have become very
important in public health, particularly as agents of infectious
diarrhoea in human beings. Though the mechanism by which they cause
disease is yet to be fully explained, they have been recognized as the
leading cause of bacterial enteritis in both developed and developing
countries. The organisms colonize different animal species without
causing any symptoms of disease; and humans acquire infections through
contact with or consumption of contaminated meat especially
raw/undercooked poultry meat. The growing trend of antibiotic resistant
Campylobacter isolates continues to pose significant public health
challenges. In this review we present the available information
generated in Tanzania about Campylobacter infections in humans and
animals. We conducted a structured literature search of PUBMED and
ScienceDirect electronic databases and identified 15 articles. Studies
on humans reported Campylobacter infections in both symptomatic and
asymptomatic subjects; with higher prevalence in children under the age
of five years. Studies on animals found colonization of both domestic
and wild species. Among isolates, some demonstrated antimicrobial
resistance. The available information for both human and animal
Campylobacteriosis in the country is sparse. It however provides an
insight of the bacteriological and epidemiological aspects of
Campylobacter infections in the country and eventually creates more
awareness on the need to develop control strategies. Since the organism
is zoonotic its control strategies should adopt the “One
Health” approach involving collaborative efforts from veterinary
and human medicine
Epidemiological investigation into the introduction and factors for spread of Peste des Petits Ruminants, southern Tanzania
A study was carried out to confirm and identify sources and elucidate factors associated with the introduction of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in southern Tanzania. This study was conducted in Tandahimba and Newala districts of Mtwara region following suspected outbreak of PPR in the area. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews of key informants who included goat and sheep owners with suspected cases of PPR and animal health service providers as well as local administrative authority. Additionally, 216 serum samples and 28 swabs were collected for serological and virological laboratory disease confirmation. The results show that PPR was first introduced in Likuna village of Newala district in February 2009 through newly purchased goats from the Pugu livestock market located about 700 km in the outskirts of Dar es Salaam city. Factors which contributed to spread of PPR included communal grazing and the cheap prices of sick animals bought by livestock keepers for slaughtering in other villages. Laboratory findings confirmed presence of PPR in the area by RT-PCR and serological analysis revealed that seroprevalence was 31%. These findings have confirmed, for the first time, introduction of PPR in southern Tanzania. The presence of PPR poses high risk of southward spread of the disease to other southern African countries in the SADC region thus calling for concerted and collaborative efforts in prevention and control of the disease to avoid losses. Further elaborate studies on the spread, prevalence and risk factors associated with the disease should urgently be investigated