Contour and calculation line for the path curve.

<p>Composite picture of a mistletoe berry with the contour in yellow and the calculated – not yet fitted – path curve in red.</p

Graphic user interface.

<p>In this case the original files from the folder “plant_samples” are shown in random order. Files 2 and 5 have been measured once, file 4 has been measured twice, and the other files shown have not been measured yet. File 3 is selected. The values of the fitted parameters are saved automatically in a file not visible in this interface in the same folder as a “csv”-file.</p

Daily change of Lambda of a mistletoe berry (mean ± SE) for three independent measurements (P1, P2, P3).

<p>Data from Fig. 9 were normalized for each day and averaged. P1 and P2 are two independent measures by the same person, P3 are measurements by a different person. The smooth continuous lines are LOWESS fits (P = 30%).</p

“Output” window showing the visual optimization process of a mistletoe berry's contour.

<p>Left: composite picture of a mistletoe berry with the best fitting contour in yellow and the calculated – not yet fitted – path curve in red; center: the path curve being positioned after using the hot-key “M” to define the top and bottom of the path curve; right: the path curve after the optimization using the hot-key “P”.</p

“Trackbar” window.

<p>All necessary parameters are shown in an additional window that contains slides for manual adaptation of the parameters of the path curve to the contour.</p

Path curves with different λ-values (left: 0.8, middle: 1.0, right: 1.3).

<p>This is the approximate range in which mistletoe berries change their shape.</p

Drawing the contour (threshold function).

<p>Original photograph of a mistletoe berry (left) with two binary conversions: with adequate threshold (center), with inadequate threshold (right).</p

Plant contour from Fig. 3 after distance transformation.

<p>Each pixel coordinate holds as its value the Euclidean distance between the pixel itself and the closest pixel of the plant contour. The darker a pixel, the closer it is to the plant contour.</p

Contour line.

<p>The contour of the mistletoe berry in Fig. 2, as determined by LambdaFit.</p

The g(t)-points of a path curve (λ = 0.3), with <i>t</i> ∈ [−20, 20].

<p>Left: with a step size of 0.4: <i>t</i> = 0.4<i>·i, i</i> ∈ <i>IN</i>. Right: with a step size of 0.05: <i>t</i> = 0.05<i>·i, i</i> ∈ <i>IN.</i></p