Statistička analiza obrade podataka u nekim seizmičkim refrakcijskim metodama: Primjer sintetičkih podataka

The delay time method has gained attention in shallow seismic refraction survey because it has the capability to map the lateral thickness of overburden and relief of bedrock. This study addresses the comparison between the performances of the plus-minus and conventional reciprocal methods using a synthetic data. The interpretations obtained from both methods are reasonably comparable to the actual geophysical models. This suggests that either of the methods can be used to construct a geologic section. However, the result of randomized complete block design (RCBD) experiment shows a significant difference in the type of method used and this necessitate the need for further test. The pairwise comparison suggests that the plus-minus method produces a model that better mimics the actual data than the conventional reciprocal method.Metoda vremenskog kašnjenja često se koristi u istraživanju plitke seizmičke refrakcije jer ima mogućnost kartiranja lateralne debljine nadsloja i reljefa stijena. Ovaj rad bavi se usporedbom svojstava plus-minus i konvencionalnih recipročnih metoda korištenjem sintetičkih podataka. Interpretacije dobivene objema metodama razumno su usporedive sa stvarnim geofizičkim modelima. To sugerira da se bilo koja od metoda može koristiti za konstrukciju geološke sekcije. Međutim, rezultat eksperimenta randomiziranog cjelovitog projekta blokiranja (RCBD) pokazuje značajne razlike ovisno o korištenoj metodi, a to nameće potrebu za daljnjim ispitivanjima. Uparena usporedba sugerira da plus-minus metoda daje model koji bolje oponaša stvarne podatke u odnosu na konvencionalnu recipročnu metodu

Multidisciplinary approach to genomics research in Africa:the AfriCRAN model

This article is an outcome of the African Craniofacial Anomalies Research Network (AfriCRAN) Human Hereditary and Health (H3A) grant planning meeting in 2012 in Lagos, Nigeria. It describes the strengths of a multidisciplinary team approach to solving complex genetic traits in the craniofacial region. It also highlights the different components and argues for the composition of similar teams to fast track the discovery of disease genes, diagnostic tools, improved clinical treatment and ultimately prevention of disease

Electrical Resistivity Monitoring of Heat Tracer to Characterize Lab-Scale Hydraulic Conductivity Distributions

Knowledge of the spatial variations of hydraulic conductivity (K) is crucial to almost every hydrogeological investigation. The representative scale of K estimates from traditional slug and pumping tests are, however, inadequate to accurately predict hydrogeological processes. There is increasing interest in the application of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to quantify spatially continuous K variations. ERT estimation of high-resolution K distributions, however, requires continuous injection of saline tracer (ST) into an aquifer over an extended period, which is feasible but impractical. Here, we present electrical resistivity thermography (ERTh) to evaluate the potential application of time-lapse ER monitoring of heat tracer (HT) to characterize high-resolution K architectures. Unlike ST, long term HT experiments are comparatively easier to manage and repeatable with minimal environmental impact. We estimate K variations via petrophysical coupling of flow and heat transport with joint time-lapse ER and discrete multi-level temperature breakthrough curves. We illustrate the strategy with a 2-D lab-scale sandbox experiment. To construct the heterogeneous field, three lenses with high-K properties with each consisting of gravel, coarse sand, and a mixture of coarse and fine sand, were created within a background of comparatively low-K fine sand. The experiment involved continuous injection and extraction of heat, respectively, at the left and right boundaries of the lab-scale aquifer. We simultaneously performed time lapse ER monitoring of the heat transport and temperature measurements at four discrete multi-levels near the heat extraction well. Results of the coupled inversions demonstrate that ER monitoring of heat tracer provides a unique opportunity to characterize high-resolution spatially continuous K variations, which seems more practical for field applications in contrast to that of the traditional ST

Analysis of aerosol absorption properties and transport over North Africa and the Middle East using AERONET data

In this paper particle categorization and absorption properties were discussed to understand transport mechanisms at different geographic locations and possible radiative impacts on climate. The long-term Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data set (1999–2015) is used to estimate aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA), and the absorption �ngstr�m exponent (?abs) at eight locations in North Africa and the Middle East. Average variation in SSA is calculated at four wavelengths (440, 675, 870, and 1020 nm), and the relationship between aerosol absorption and physical properties is used to infer dominant aerosol types at different locations. It was found that seasonality and geographic location play a major role in identifying dominant aerosol types at each location. Analyzing aerosol characteristics among different sites using AERONET Version 2, Level 2.0 data retrievals and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) backward trajectories shows possible aerosol particle transport among different locations indicating the importance of understanding transport mechanisms in identifying aerosol sources.The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for funding this work through project no. IN121064.Scopu