Logistic regression predicting NVP RAM adjusted for independent variables of interest.

<p>Data are number (%); mean (standard deviation).</p><p>* The following independent variables were included in the multiple logistic adjusted regression analysis: child gender, child age, mother exposure to ARV, mother CD4 count, maternal duration of exposure to ARVs.</p><p>Values in bold denote statistical significance.</p><p>ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, Confidence Interval; OR, Odds Ratio; NVP RAM, nevirapine resistance associated mutations; MTCT, mother-to-child-transmission; mm³, cubic millilitre.</p><p>Logistic regression predicting NVP RAM adjusted for independent variables of interest.</p

Profile of drug resistance associated mutations by ARV class.

<p>Percentages were calculated based on the total number of RAM found for each ARV class (NNTRI = 74, NRTI = 54 and PI = 8).</p

Mother and child socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among the population with resistance test results.

<p>Data are number (%), median (range).</p><p>AZT, zidovudine; sd-NVP, single-dose nevirapine; MTCT, mother-to-child transmission; ARVs, antiretrovirals; ART, antiretroviral therapy; mm³, cubic millilitre.</p><p>^†The mother’s first-line ART regimen included AZT + 3TC + NVP. The maternal ARV prophylaxis consisted of antepartum daily AZT as early as 14 weeks of gestation, sd-NVP at onset of labour and twice daily AZT + 3TC for 7 days postpartum.</p><p>Mother and child socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among the population with resistance test results.</p

Phylogenetic analysis of Env gene sequences from HIV-1 infected patients.

<p>The maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed with reference sequences from all HIV-1 subtypes. The bootstrap values supporting the internal branches defining a subtype or a CRF are shown. Bootstrap values of 70% or greater provide reasonable confidence for assignment of an individual segment to one or the other genotype. The scale represents number of base substitutions per site.</p

Profile of NVP resistance associated mutations (RAM).

<p>Percentages were calculated based on the total number of NVP RAM (n = 66). K103N and Y181C were the most frequent NVP RAM (24.2% and 22.7% of the samples, respectively).</p

Epidemiological characterization of CRF14_BG infected patients.

<p>MTCT - mother to child transmission;</p>a<p>Individual infected by sexual contact with HIV infected female sex worker which was intravenous drug user <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0024130#pone.0024130-Bartolo1" target="_blank">[24]</a>.</p

Maximum Clade Credibility Tree for the subtype G and subtype B genomic regions of the CRF14_BG.

<p>The 95% confidence interval for the date of origin of CRF14_BG is indicated in both trees as a grey square. Node values indicate its time of origin. Sequence names are coded as [Subtype].[Country].[Seqname]_[Year of Sampling].</p

Positive selective pressure on the V3 loop of the analysed dataset.

1<p>Codons identified by Hyphy as being significantly (P<0.05) under selective pressure are indicated.</p

Correlation of drug-exposure scores with logarithmized resistance factors.

<p>Genotypes in T_Pheno were interpreted with drug-exposure models. The correlation of the resulting drug-exposure scores with the corresponding logarithmized resistance factors is displayed above. Note that drug-resistance assays (either Antivirogram^™ or PhenoSense^™) are denoted by the colors of the bars, while the drug-exposure model types (Exposure or ExposurePheno) are denoted by the shading of the bars. Bars depicting the mean performances were calculated with the drugs for which Exposure and ExposurePheno models are available. Error bars indicate the standard deviation. 3TC: lamivudine, ABC: abacavir, AZT: zidovudine, d4T: stavudine, ddC: zalcitabine, ddI: didanosine, FTC: emtricitabine, TDF: tenofovir, DLV: delavirdine, EFV: efavirenz, ETR: etravirine, NVP: nevirapine, RPV: rilpivirine, APV: amprenavir, ATV: atazanavir, DRV: darunavir, FPV: fosamprenavir, IDV: indinavir, LPV: lopinavir, NFV: nelfinavir, SQV: saquinavir, TPV: tipranavir, EVG: elvitegravir, RAL: raltegravir.</p

Drug-combination counts for therapies in EuResistTCE and HIVdbTCE.

<p>The frequencies of the 20 most-frequent drug combinations in EuResistTCE (a) and HIVdbTCE (b) datasets are displayed above. 3TC: lamivudine, ABC: abacavir, AZT: zidovudine, d4T: stavudine, ddI: didanosine, FTC: emtricitabine, TDF: tenofovir, EFV: efavirenz, NVP: nevirapine, APV: amprenavir, ATV: atazanavir, DRV: darunavir, IDV: indinavir, LPV: lopinavir, NFV: nelfinavir, SQV: saquinavir.</p