The Single-Photon Router

We have embedded an artificial atom, a superconducting "transmon" qubit, in an open transmission line and investigated the strong scattering of incident microwave photons ($\sim6$ GHz). When an input coherent state, with an average photon number $N\ll1$ is on resonance with the artificial atom, we observe extinction of up to 90% in the forward propagating field. We use two-tone spectroscopy to study scattering from excited states and we observe electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We then use EIT to make a single-photon router, where we can control to what output port an incoming signal is delivered. The maximum on-off ratio is around 90% with a rise and fall time on the order of nanoseconds, consistent with theoretical expectations. The router can easily be extended to have multiple output ports and it can be viewed as a rudimentary quantum node, an important step towards building quantum information networks.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Heterogeneous subsidence and paleogeographic elements in an extensional setting revealed through the correlation of a storm deposit unit (Aptian, E Spain)

A coastal marine siliciclastic unit has been studied from a palaeogeographic and structural-stratigraphic point of view. The unit was deposited during the Aptian in the extensional Las Parras sub-basin (Maestrazgo basin, E Spain), and it has been subdivided in four coarsening-upward sequences. A general description of each sequence is done but we focus in the third sequence (S3), which is built up of fi ne to coarse-grained sandstones, representing a vertical facies shift from storm dominated lower shoreface to upper shoreface environments. Both physical and genetic criteria have been used to correlate sequence S3. Top of sequence S3 is a minor erosive surface and is considered a reliable cronostratigraphic datum for correlation across the study area. Lateral facies changes of sequence S3 suggest the location of a siliciclastic discharge system toward the southeast of the study area. Drainage entry could be related to an intersection of basin bounding faults. Over the datum surface, coarsening upwards sequence S4 lacks its lower part in the south-easternmost area. An intra-S4 local discontinuity is defi ned and correlated toward the north-western area. The south-eastern area was located over a different subsiding block than the other sections and different subsidence histories for these blocks are interpreted on the basis of thickness trends and features of the intra-S4 discontinuity. Intra-S4 discontinuity marks the change from siliciclastic to carbonate dominated sedimentation, thus it could be representing a major break in the sedimentary dynamic. Spatial thickness trends of each sequence at the intra-block scale probably represent alternating episodes of homogeneous and heterogeneous subsidence that may be related to extensional dynamics. [RESUMEN] Durante el Aptiense, en la Subcuenca de Las Parras (NW Cuenca del Maestrazgo) se depositó una unidad siliciclástica en un contexto tectónico extensional. Esta unidad se ha dividido en cuatro secuencias granocrecientes, de las cuales se analiza en detalle la tercera (S3) ya que presenta un alto potencial de correlación lateral. El análisis sedimentológico de la secuencia S3 ha permitido interpretar una evolución vertical de shoreface inferior con procesos de tormenta, a shoreface superior; también ha permitido correlacionar esta secuencia entre dos sectores de la subcuenca que presentan un desarrollo litológico considerablemente diferente. El techo de la secuencia S3 es una superfi cie erosiva menor con valor cronoestratigráfi co y se ha utilizado como datum de correlación para el análisis de la unidad siliciclástica. Las variaciones laterales de facies de la secuencia S3 permiten interpretar la proximidad de un sistema de descarga siliciclástico hacia el sureste, y se propone una zona de intersección de fallas normales, próxima al sector suroriental de la zona estudiada, como un elemento paleoestructural favorable para la entrada de un sistema de drenaje en la cuenca. En el sector suroriental, por encima del datum de correlación, la secuencia S4 presenta un desarrollo muy reducido debido a la ausencia de su parte inferior; esto ha permitido interpretar la presencia de una discontinuidad local intra-S4. Esta discontinuidad local se correlaciona con otra reconocida en el sector noroccidental. Debido a las diferencias de espesor y al grado de desarrollo de la discontinuidad intra-S4 se deduce que la historia de subsidencia de diferentes bloques de la cuenca no es exactamente la misma. Esta discontinuidad intra-S4 podría tener interés regional ya que separa sedimentos dominantemente siliciclásticos de sedimentos carbonatados y podría indicar una modifi cación importante del sistema sedimentario. Para uno de los bloques estudiados, las variaciones espaciales de espesor para cada secuencia podrían representar un desarrollo de la subsidencia alternando periodos con subsidencia diferencial atenuada y periodos con subsidencia diferencial acentuada, que pueden estar relacionados con la dinámica extensional

Scattering of coherent states on a single artificial atom

In this work we theoretically analyze a circuit QED design where propagating quantum microwaves interact with a single artificial atom, a single Cooper pair box. In particular, we derive a master equation in the so-called transmon regime, including coherent drives. Inspired by recent experiments, we then apply the master equation to describe the dynamics in both a two-level and a three-level approximation of the atom. In the two-level case, we also discuss how to measure photon antibunching in the reflected field and how it is affected by finite temperature and finite detection bandwidth.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure

Sea-level oscillations recorded as incised-valleys from the Villarroya de los Pinares Formation in the Galve sub-basin (Teruel, Iberian Chain)

Se describen cuatro discontinuidades con desarrollo de valles incisos de entre 10 y 73 metros de profundidad. La superficie S3 que presenta el mayor encajamiento puede correlacionarse a escala global con el límite de secuencia Ap4, y probablemente representa una oscilación eustática. Nuestros resultados apoyan la presencia de hielo polar durante el Aptiense.Four unconformities with incised-valley development are described from the Aptian of the Galve sub-basin. Incision magnitude varies from 10 to 73 metres. The deepest incision correlates well with Ap4 sequence boundary of Hardenbol et al., (1998), and probably represents a high amplitude eustatic fall. Our results support the presence of polar ice-caps during the AptianDepto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEMinisterio de Educación y Cienciapu

Tunable coupling engineering between superconducting resonators: from sidebands to effective gauge fields

In this work we show that a tunable coupling between microwave resonators can be engineered by means of simple Josephson junctions circuits, such as dc- and rf-SQUIDs. We show that by controlling the time dependence of the coupling it is possible to switch on and off and modulate the cross-talk, boost the interaction towards the ultrastrong regime, as well as to engineer red and blue sideband couplings, nonlinear photon hopping and classical gauge fields. We discuss how these dynamically tunable superconducting circuits enable key applications in the fields of all optical quantum computing, continuous variable quantum information and quantum simulation - all within the reach of state of the art in circuit-QED experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

La caliza de Morata de Tajuña, Comunidad de Madrid: una piedra tradicional de construcción en la capital a principios del siglo XX.

A partir del estudio sobre la procedencia y la calidad de la caliza empleada en la construcción -a principios del siglo XX- de un emblemático inmueble madrileño, se analizan los principales factores que en esta época favorecieron su utilización. Se trata de una piedra tradicionalmente empleada en la región pero apenas conocida en la capital y que por entonces se explotaba en las canteras Cornicabra, ubicadas en el paraje del Valhondo de Morata de Tajuña (Comunidad de Madrid). Por un lado, esta caliza resultaba una piedra económicamente muy ventajosa, debido principalmente a la favorable situación por entonces de las canteras y de las vías de comunicación. Por otro, debido a su origen geológico y posteriores procesos diagenéticos, presenta una muy elevada calidad y durabilidad, resultando un material muy apropiado para configurar elementos portantes especialmente resistentes a la acción del agua y al propio paso del tiempo. Considerando una época en la que la piedra tradicional de la región estaba siendo sustituida por piedras procedentes de otros lugares, el prestigio del que históricamente ha disfrutado la caliza extraída en las canteras de Colmenar de Oreja y el efímero empleo en la capital de la caliza de Morata de Tajuña como piedra de cantería, el carácter tradicional de la caliza objeto de estudio resulta ciertamente excepcional

Niveles de tormenta en un intervalo siliciclástico costero aptiense de la subcuenca de Las Parras (Teruel): consideraciones paleogeográficas y estratigráficas

A coastal siliciclastic unit was deposited during the Aptian at the base ofVillarroya de los Pinares Formation in Las Parras sub-basin. It can be subdivided in four coarsening-upwards coastal sequences. We focus in the third sequence (S3), which is built up of fine to coarse sandstones, representing an upward change from storm dominated lower shoreface to upper shoreface environments. This sequence represent a reliable datum for correlation across the study area, allowing enhanced stratigraphic precision and the recognition of interesting relationships in the siliciclastic unit. Its lateral facies change suggests the location of a clastic discharge system toward the southeast. The major thickness unhomogeneity across this sequence is also found at the south- easternmost section, which is related with a different structural location involving a jump towards another subsiding block

Expresión de la tectónica sinsedimentaria Aptiense en la subcuenca de Las Parras y su potencial estratigráfico (Cuenca del Maestrazgo, Cordillera Ibérica, Teruel)

Evidences of tectonic subsidence during the deposition of the marine Villarroya de los Pinares Formation (Aptian, Urgonian Facies) is found in the marginal Las Parras sub-basin (Maestrazgo Basin, Teruel). This tectonic activity is identified by the presence of a wedge-shaped strata! package related to fault activity and block rotation. The base of the wedge is an erosive surface that laterally evolves into an onlap surface, being the top a drowning surface. The wedge in the eastern section is built up by four shallowing upwards sequences, describing a retrogradational stacking pattern. A clear change from bioclastic, quartz rich limestone to muddy limestone with rudists, occurs gradually from base to top of the section. The western section is thinner than the eastern one and it only records the last muddy phase. Integration of both outcrops shows a higher subsidence at the easter portion of the fault. The little dimensions of faulted blocks in Las Parras sub-basin suggest the possibility of evaluate and separate tectonic, eustatic and sedimentary signals in the Aptian record

From Josephson junction metamaterials to tunable pseudo-cavities

arXiv:1305.4844v1The scattering through a Josephson junction (JJ) interrupting a superconducting line is revisited including power leakage. We also discuss how to make tunable and broadband resonant mirrors by concatenating junctions. As an application, we show how to construct cavities using these mirrors, thus connecting two research fields: JJ quantum metamaterials and coupled-cavity arrays. We finish by discussing the first nonlinear corrections to the scattering and their measurable effects. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was supported by Spanish government projects FIS2009-10061, and FIS2011-25167 conanced by FEDER funds. We thanks Aragon government support to group FENOL, CAM research consortium QUITEMAD and PROMISCE European project.Peer Reviewe