ScenLRPG, a Board Game for the Collaborative Design of GBL Scenarios: Qualitative Analysis of an Experiment

http://academic-conferences.org/ecgbl/ecgbl2012/ecgbl12-home.htmInternational audienceThis paper presents the results of an experiment with ScenLRPG, a tool intended to foster collaboration during the design phase of GBL sce-narios. Based on a specific graphic formalism, ScenLRPG allows groups of designers to describe scenario elements so as to justify and negotiate their design choices. The version presented is comprised of a board game fea-turing cards and tokens. The aim of the experiment was to test hypotheses regarding three main issues: the method's propensity to favour designer collaboration, its ability to offer new ideas, and the pros and cons of a board game design tool versus a computer-based environment. The ex-periment was carried out with the help of fifty-six subjects at a GBL sum-mer school, to test hypotheses, gather user needs and improve the tool. Qualitative analysis of the experiment has highlighted improvement areas with regard to the three issues targeted

" Learning Role-Playing Games " : méthodologie et formalisme de description pour l'assistance à la conception - Premiers résultats d'expérimentation

Session: Jeux sérieuxInternational audienceLes effets reconnus du jeu sur l'engagement incitent de plus en plus les entreprises à utiliser des dispositifs de formation intégrant le jeu, tels que les Learning Role Playing Games. Cet article présente la méthodologie d'assistance à la conception et le formalisme que nous proposons pour accompagner les concepteurs pédagogiques dans l'élaboration de tels dispositifs. Les premiers résultats d'une expérimentation menée semblent valider certains principes clés : une méthodologie basée sur l'explicitation des ressorts de jeu et la réutilisation de scénarios ; et un formalisme de description visuelle simple pour structurer la réflexion et faciliter les échanges et le partage

ScenLRPG, a Board Game for the Collaborative Design of GBL Scenarios: Qualitative Analysis of an Experiment

http://academic-conferences.org/ecgbl/ecgbl2012/ecgbl12-home.htmInternational audienceThis paper presents the results of an experiment with ScenLRPG, a tool intended to foster collaboration during the design phase of GBL sce-narios. Based on a specific graphic formalism, ScenLRPG allows groups of designers to describe scenario elements so as to justify and negotiate their design choices. The version presented is comprised of a board game fea-turing cards and tokens. The aim of the experiment was to test hypotheses regarding three main issues: the method's propensity to favour designer collaboration, its ability to offer new ideas, and the pros and cons of a board game design tool versus a computer-based environment. The ex-periment was carried out with the help of fifty-six subjects at a GBL sum-mer school, to test hypotheses, gather user needs and improve the tool. Qualitative analysis of the experiment has highlighted improvement areas with regard to the three issues targeted

Using game mechanisms to foster GBL designers' cooperation and creativity

International audienceThis paper presents ScenLRPG, a specific method, based on a graphic formalism, for designing game-based learning systems in a vocational training context.This paper presents ScenLRPG, a specific method, based on a graphic formalism, for designing game-based learning systems in a vocational training context. We detail in a first part the theoretical background for our hypotheses on three properties such a method should display: (1) supporting the elicitation of the relevant learning goals and game mechanisms so as to boost learner motivation, (2) enabling a team of designers to collectively build and manipulate a game-based learning scenario and (3) improving designers creativity. Part two presents an evaluation study performed using a tangible version of the method, based on a board game. The aim of this study was to test whether the method effectively favours designer collaboration and provides designers with fresh ideas, but also to gather the pros and cons of a board game-based design tool versus a computer-based environment. The final part is devoted to an analysis of the obtained results

Retransplantation of discordant xenogeneic islets with costimulatory blockade

The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of xenogeneic islet retransplantation using costimulatory blockade

Low risk of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibody sensitization after combined kidney and islet transplantation

Anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody could lead to humoral rejection and a decrease in graft survival after kidney transplantation. A recent report has suggested that islet transplantation alone is associated with a high rate of sensitization. The withdrawal of the immunosuppressive therapy because of the progressive nonfunction of the islets could explain the high rate of sensitization. Because the specific risk of immunization of multiple islet infusions remains unknown, we studied the immunization rate in our cohort of multiple islet infusions transplant recipients. De novo anti-HLA antibodies were analyzed in 37 patients after islets alone (n=8), islet-after-kidney (n=13), and simultaneous islet-kidney (n=16) transplantation by solid phase assays over time. The rate of immunization was 10.8% that is comparable with the risk of immunization after kidney transplantation alone. Multiple islet infusions do not represent a specific risk for the development of anti-HLA antibodies after combined kidney-islets transplantation

Transplantation of discordant xenogeneic islets using repeated therapy with anti-CD154

Costimulatory blockade has been shown to allow long-term survival of xenogeneic islets. The aim of the present study was to analyze the possibility of xenogeneic islet retransplantation using costimulatory blockade

Positron-emission tomography imaging of early events after transplantation of islets of Langerhans

The aim of our study was to assess cell trafficking and early events after intraportal islet transplantation. Sprague-Dawley rat islets were incubated for various times, with various concentrations of 2-[F]fluoro-2deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), and in presence of various glucose concentrations. FDG-labeled syngeneic islets or FDG alone were injected in rats. Radioactivity was measured in the liver and in various organs by positron-emission tomography for 6 hours. FDG uptake increased with incubation time or FDG concentration and decreased in presence of glucose. In vivo, all islets implanted in the liver, with an uptake 4.4 times higher than controls (44.2% vs. 10.1%, P=0.02). Radioactivity in the liver decreased at the same rate after injection of labeled-islets and FDG alone. Ex vivo labeling of islets and imaging of posttransplant early events were feasible. Islets engrafted exclusively in the liver. No islet loss could be demonstrated 6 hours after transplantation

Failure mode and effect analysis in human islet isolation: from the theoretical to the practical risk

This study aimed to assess the global mapping risk of human islet isolation, using a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), and highlight the impact of quality assurance procedures on the risk level of criticality. Risks were scored using the risk priority number (RPN) scoring method. The risk level of criticality was made based on RPN and led to risk classification (low to critical). A raw risk analysis and a risk control analysis (with control means and quality assurance performance) were undertaken. The process of human islet isolation was divided into 11 steps, and 230 risks were identified. Analysis of the highest RPN of each of the 11 steps showed that the 4 highest risks were related to the pancreas digestion and islet purification stages. After implementation of reduction measures and controls, critical and severe risks were reduced by 3-fold and by 2-fold, respectively, so that 90% of risks could be considered as low to moderate. FMEA has proven to be a powerful approach for the identification of weaknesses in the islet isolation processes. The results demonstrated the importance of staff qualification and continuous training and supported the contribution of the quality assurance system to risk reduction

Impairment of renal function after islet transplant alone or islet-after-kidney transplantation using a sirolimus/tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen

The immunosuppressive (IS) regimen based on sirolimus/low-dose tacrolimus is considered a major determinant of success of the Edmonton protocol. This regimen is generally considered safe or even protective for the kidney. Herein, we analyzed the impact of the sirolimus/low-dose tacrolimus combination on kidney function. The medical charts of islet transplant recipients with at least 6 months follow up were reviewed. There were five islet-after-kidney and five islet transplantation alone patients. Serum creatinin, albuminuria, metabolic control markers and graft function were analyzed. Impairment of kidney function was observed in six of 10 patients. Neither metabolic markers nor IS drugs levels were significantly associated with the decrease of kidney function. Although a specific etiology was not identified, some subsets of patients presented a higher risk for decline of kidney function. Low creatinin clearance, albuminuria and long-established kidney graft were associated with poorer outcome