Pattern of cytokine and chemokine production by THP-1 derived macrophages in response to live or heat-killed Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin Moreau strain

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2015-11-12T13:56:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 periela_vasconcelos_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 486220 bytes, checksum: 5e420fd623c9d0d97d61e7fb78bc00d8 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2015-11-12T14:08:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 periela_vasconcelos_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 486220 bytes, checksum: 5e420fd623c9d0d97d61e7fb78bc00d8 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-12T14:08:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 periela_vasconcelos_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 486220 bytes, checksum: 5e420fd623c9d0d97d61e7fb78bc00d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Ataulpho Paiva. Departamento de Pesquisa.Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilTuberculosis has great public health impact with high rates of mortality and the only prophylactic measure for it is the Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. The present study evaluated the release of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1, tumour necrosis factor and IL-6] and chemokines [macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α and MIP-1β] by THP-1 derived macrophages infected with BCG vaccine obtained by growing mycobacteria in Viscondessa de Moraes Institute medium medium (oral) or Sauton medium (intradermic) to compare the effects of live and heat-killed (HK) mycobacteria. Because BCG has been reported to lose viability during the lyophilisation process and during storage, we examined whether exposing BCG to different temperatures also triggers differences in the expression of some important cytokines and chemokines of the immune response. Interestingly, we observed that HK mycobacteria stimulated cytokine and chemokine production in a different pattern from that observed with live mycobacteria

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Immunotherapy for Cancer

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), an attenuated vaccine from Mycobacterium bovis, was initially developed as an agent for vaccination against tuberculosis. BCG proved to be the first successful immunotherapy against established human bladder cancer and other neoplasms. The use of BCG has been shown to induce a long-lasting antitumor response over all other forms of treatment against intermediate, non-invasive muscle bladder cancer Several types of tumors may now be treated by releasing the immune response through the blockade of checkpoint inhibitory molecules, such as CTLA-4 and PD-1. In addition, Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonists and BCG are used to potentiate the immune response against tumors. Studies concerning TLR-ligands combined with BCG to treat melanoma have demonstrated efficacy in treating mice and patients This review addresses several interventions using BCG on neoplasms, such as Leukemia, Bladder Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Melanoma, describing treatments and antitumor responses promoted by this attenuated bacillus. Of essential importance, BCG is described recently to participate in an adequate microbiome, establishing an effective response during cell-target therapy when combined with anti-PD-1 antibody, which stimulates T cell responses against the melanoma. Finally, trained immunity is discussed, and reprogramming events to shape innate immune responses are addressed