Use of deoxycorticosterone pivalate by veterinarians: A western european survey

open9siThis research was supported by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia IP, grant UIDB/00276/2020This study aims to gather knowledge about the use of deoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) by Western European Veterinarians (WEV) in dogs with typical hypoadrenocorticism. An observa-tional cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, translated into four languages and disseminated to veterinary affiliates and mailing lists in six countries of Western Continental Europe. Respondents were tasked to share their therapeutic approach to hypoadrenocorticism, whether they preferred DOCP or fludrocortisone and the specific practical use of DOCP. One-hundred and eighty-four responses were included. Of these, 79.9% indicated that they preferred prescribing DOCP over fludrocortisone as a first-line treatment for mineralocorticoid supplementation. A total of 154 respondents had used DOCP at least once. Eighty percent of those who reported their initial dosage prescribed 2.2 mg/kg. After starting DOCP, 68.2% of the respondents assess electrolytes 10 and 25 days after administration following manufacturer instructions. In stable dogs, electrolytes are monitored quarterly, monthly, semi-annually, and annually by 44.2%, 34.4%, 16.9%, and 4.6% of respondents respectively. When treatment adjustment is required, 53% prefer to reduce dosage while 47% increase the interval between doses. Overall, DOCP is the preferred mineralocorticoid supple-mentation among WEV. Reported variability underlies the need to investigate the best strategies for DOCP use and therapeutic adjustments.openRebocho R.; Dominguez-Ruiz M.; Englar R.E.; Arenas C.; Perez-Alenza M.D.; Corsini A.; Fracassi F.; Bennaim M.; Leal R.O.Rebocho R.; Dominguez-Ruiz M.; Englar R.E.; Arenas C.; Perez-Alenza M.D.; Corsini A.; Fracassi F.; Bennaim M.; Leal R.O

First description of feline inflammatory mammary carcinoma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of three cases

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory breast cancer is a special type of locally advanced mammary cancer that is associated with particularly aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis. The dog was considered the only natural model in which to study the disease because, until now, it was the only species known to present with inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) spontaneously. In the present study we describe clinicopathological and immunohistochemical findings of three cats with IMC, in order to evaluate its possible value as an animal model. METHODS: We prospectively studied three female cats with clinical symptoms of IMC, identified over a period of 3 years. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations of Ki-67, and oestrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors were performed. RESULTS: All three animals presented with secondary IMC (postsurgical) characterized by a rapid onset of erythema, severe oedema, extreme local pain and firmness, absence of subjacent mammary nodules, and involvement of extremities. Rejection of the surgical suture was observed in two of the cats. Histologically, highly malignant papillary mammary carcinomas, dermal tumour embolization of superficial lymphatic vessels, and severe secondary inflammation were observed. The animals were put to sleep at 10, 15 and 45 days after diagnosis. Metastases were detected in regional lymph nodes and lungs in the two animals that were necropsied. All tumours had a high Ki-67 proliferation index and were positive for oestrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors. CONCLUSION: Our findings in feline IMC (very low prevalence, only secondary IMC, frequent association of inflammatory reaction with surgical suture rejection, steroid receptor positivity) indicate that feline IMC could be useful as an animal model of human inflammatory breast cancer, although the data should be considered with caution

Chemoresistance markers PGP and BCRP in canine inflammatory and grade 3 mammary carcinoma

Introduction: Multidrug resistance of neoplastic cells is frequently related to the expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Canine inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IC) and grade 3 carcinoma (C3) are biologically aggressive and they could benefit from chemotherapy. Our study describes the expression of PGP and BCRP in these tumours. Materials and Methods: Samples included 18 C3s and 20 ICs from dogs that had not received chemotherapy before biopsy. Primary carcinoma was identified in 15 cases of IC. Tumours were classified into histological subtypes. IHC for PGP and BCRP was considered positive when O20% and O10% of cells were labelled for PGP and BCRP, respectively. Results: Immunolabelling was mainly membranous for PGP, showing a strong reaction in emboli, while membranous and cytoplasmic labelling was mainly seen for BCRP. PGP was highly expressed in the different tumours, but was significantly higher in emboli of IC versus C3 (PGP P 5 0.006) and in primary IC versus C3 (PGP P 5 0.032). There was no significant difference in BCRP expression between groups, being expressed in 78.95% of emboli of CI, 80% of primary IC and 66.67% of C3. Conclusions: Chemoresistance is a phenomenon present in dogs with C3 and IC. Our results indicate the need for a combined therapy rather than chemotherapy alone. The high expression of PGP in ICs compared with non-inflammatory mammary carcinomas is an interesting finding that can explain a higher resistance to chemotherapy in this type of cancer and could be related to the specific pathogenic mechanisms that this disease exhibits