Resgate, propagação vegetativa e crescimento inicial de Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Alessandro Camargo AngeloCoorientadores: Prof.ª Dr.ª Luciana Magda de Oliveira, Prof. Dr. Mario Dobner JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa : Curitiba, 04/05/2018Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: SilviculturaResumo: Sequoia sempervirens é uma espécie com potencial de adaptação e bom desenvolvimento em áreas do Sul do Brasil. Possui ótimas características da madeira e onde cultivada apresenta bom desenvolvimento. Assim, o objetivo geral do estudo foi o resgate vegetativo, propagação clonal e plantio a campo de diferentes clones da espécie. O trabalho foi dividido em seis capítulos. No primeiro capítulo testou-se o resgate vegetativo de árvores a campo e o enraizamento das estacas advindas do resgate em diferentes épocas. O uso de anelamento ou semianelamento é eficiente para produzir brotações, sendo que o enraizamento de estacas apresenta bons resultados (média >65%) com grande diferença entre as matrizes. No capítulo dois o objetivo foi estabelecer um protocolo de propagação por miniestaquia. Miniestacas coletadas em porções apicais e com presença de folhas aciculares apresentam maior enraizamento além de melhorar o aspecto da muda formada. Para a seleção do melhor substrato deve-se observar o efeito clonal. O uso de AIB (1.000 a 2.000 mg L-1) pode ser uma alternativa para clones que apresentam baixo enraizamento ( 65%) with large differences between the stock plants. In chapter two the aim was to establish a minicuttings propagation protocol. Minicuttings collected in apical portions and with presence of acicular leaves present greater rooting besides improving the aspect of the formed seedling. To select the best substrate, the clonal effect must be observed. The use of IBA (1,000 to 2,000 mg L-1) may be an alternative for clones that have low rooting (<50%) without the use of regulator. In the third chapter the objective was the application and reapplication of IBA in minicuttings collected from more mature branches and the effect of lesions and application of IBA on callus cuttings. The use of 6,000 mg L-1 of IBA, reapplied fortnightly, increases the rooting percentage. For cuttings not rooted in six months, cutting the calluses (wounds) improves the rooting process. In chapter four, the objective was to test different propagation environments (shade house, greenhouse, greenhouse and greenhouse with intermittent misting - GIN) and, in a second experiment, the clonal effect in the two most favorable environments (minitunnel and GIN) with monitoring of the temporal rooting process. The minitunnels presents similar results to CVNI in the process of rooting, being superior to shade house and greenhouse. The various clones tested in the work present different rooting speeds, with this occurring mainly between 50 and 60 days after minicuttings. The rooting environment presents a difference in the rooting process, being earlier in the GIN, but with a higher index in the minitunnels at the end of the evaluation. In the fifth chapter we evaluated the rooting of sequoia minicuttings of different clones in the four seasons of the year using the logistic model to estimate the time of maximization of rooting. The lowest rooting of sequoia minicuttings was obtained during winter (85%). In the other stations, rates of over 90% were reached. Vegetative propagation of sequoia by minicuttings and rooting in minitunnel can be performed at any time of the year and is dependent on the clones tested. In chapter six the implementation of clonal tests of sequoia in two regions of Santa Catarina (Brazil) was carried out, seeking information on the adaptation and growth of the different clones in the study sites. Cuttings implanted in Campo Belo do Sul (coldest region) presented high frost damage, with survival of only 2% of the material after two years of implantation. On the other hand, in Arabutã (warmer area) the survival was over 80% at 12 months, with good growth of the cuttings. In general, vegetative propagation of sequoia can be carried out successfully, with the possibility of clone fixation. Regarding the implantation, it is recommended the planting in new areas to maximize the information of the species, mainly in the South of Brazil. Key-words: Clonal forestry. Cutting and minicutting. Clonal test. Genetic effect. Rooting protocol

Resgate, propagação vegetativa e crescimento inicial de Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Alessandro Camargo AngeloCoorientadores: Prof.ª Dr.ª Luciana Magda de Oliveira, Prof. Dr. Mario Dobner JuniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. Defesa : Curitiba, 04/05/2018Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: SilviculturaResumo: Sequoia sempervirens é uma espécie com potencial de adaptação e bom desenvolvimento em áreas do Sul do Brasil. Possui ótimas características da madeira e onde cultivada apresenta bom desenvolvimento. Assim, o objetivo geral do estudo foi o resgate vegetativo, propagação clonal e plantio a campo de diferentes clones da espécie. O trabalho foi dividido em seis capítulos. No primeiro capítulo testou-se o resgate vegetativo de árvores a campo e o enraizamento das estacas advindas do resgate em diferentes épocas. O uso de anelamento ou semianelamento é eficiente para produzir brotações, sendo que o enraizamento de estacas apresenta bons resultados (média >65%) com grande diferença entre as matrizes. No capítulo dois o objetivo foi estabelecer um protocolo de propagação por miniestaquia. Miniestacas coletadas em porções apicais e com presença de folhas aciculares apresentam maior enraizamento além de melhorar o aspecto da muda formada. Para a seleção do melhor substrato deve-se observar o efeito clonal. O uso de AIB (1.000 a 2.000 mg L-1) pode ser uma alternativa para clones que apresentam baixo enraizamento ( 65%) with large differences between the stock plants. In chapter two the aim was to establish a minicuttings propagation protocol. Minicuttings collected in apical portions and with presence of acicular leaves present greater rooting besides improving the aspect of the formed seedling. To select the best substrate, the clonal effect must be observed. The use of IBA (1,000 to 2,000 mg L-1) may be an alternative for clones that have low rooting (<50%) without the use of regulator. In the third chapter the objective was the application and reapplication of IBA in minicuttings collected from more mature branches and the effect of lesions and application of IBA on callus cuttings. The use of 6,000 mg L-1 of IBA, reapplied fortnightly, increases the rooting percentage. For cuttings not rooted in six months, cutting the calluses (wounds) improves the rooting process. In chapter four, the objective was to test different propagation environments (shade house, greenhouse, greenhouse and greenhouse with intermittent misting - GIN) and, in a second experiment, the clonal effect in the two most favorable environments (minitunnel and GIN) with monitoring of the temporal rooting process. The minitunnels presents similar results to CVNI in the process of rooting, being superior to shade house and greenhouse. The various clones tested in the work present different rooting speeds, with this occurring mainly between 50 and 60 days after minicuttings. The rooting environment presents a difference in the rooting process, being earlier in the GIN, but with a higher index in the minitunnels at the end of the evaluation. In the fifth chapter we evaluated the rooting of sequoia minicuttings of different clones in the four seasons of the year using the logistic model to estimate the time of maximization of rooting. The lowest rooting of sequoia minicuttings was obtained during winter (85%). In the other stations, rates of over 90% were reached. Vegetative propagation of sequoia by minicuttings and rooting in minitunnel can be performed at any time of the year and is dependent on the clones tested. In chapter six the implementation of clonal tests of sequoia in two regions of Santa Catarina (Brazil) was carried out, seeking information on the adaptation and growth of the different clones in the study sites. Cuttings implanted in Campo Belo do Sul (coldest region) presented high frost damage, with survival of only 2% of the material after two years of implantation. On the other hand, in Arabutã (warmer area) the survival was over 80% at 12 months, with good growth of the cuttings. In general, vegetative propagation of sequoia can be carried out successfully, with the possibility of clone fixation. Regarding the implantation, it is recommended the planting in new areas to maximize the information of the species, mainly in the South of Brazil. Key-words: Clonal forestry. Cutting and minicutting. Clonal test. Genetic effect. Rooting protocol