Conceptual Model of Providing Traffic Navigation Services to Visually Impaired Persons

In order to include people of reduced mobility in the traffic system it is necessary to provide accessibility and information of the users to all the facilities surrounding them. By analysing the currently available information and communication technologies a new conceptual model of providing navigation services to the visually impaired persons has been proposed. This model is based on Cloud Computing platform, and this research describes the method of navigating the users based on accurate and updated data. The users’ requirements have been analysed according to the needs of the movement of visually impaired persons along the traffic network. The information and communication solutions with the function of informing these groups of users have to provide accurate and updated data, which is made possible by the proposed model. This research was conducted on the most frequent routes in the city of Zagreb. With the review of model efficiency user’s sense of security is increased in the amount of 87%

Relevant Affect Factors of Smartphone Mobile Data Traffic

Smartphones are used to access a wide range of different information and communication services and perform functions based on data transfer. A number of subscription contracts for smartphones is rapidly increasing, and the development of mobile communications network provides higher speed of data transfer. The continuous increase in the average amount of data traffic per one subscriber contract leads to an increase in the total Mobile Data Traffic (MDT), globally. This research represents a summary of factors that affect the amount of smartphone MDT. Previous literature shows only a few of the factors individually that affect the realization of smartphone MDT. The results of the research clarify the ways which influence the amount of MDT generated by a smartphone. This paper increases the awareness of the users of the methods of generating smartphone MDT. The research also allows users to specify parameters that affect the prediction of generated MDT of a smartphone

Possible Collision Avoidance with Off-line Route Selection

The paper describes the traffic flow problems in telecommunication networks based on the Internet protocol. The main aim of telecommunication network operator today is to offer an SLA (Service Level Agreement) contract to end users, with provided QoS (Quality of Service) for different classes of services. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to establish the routes between marginal network nodes meeting the network traffic requirements and optimizing the network performances free of simultaneous flows conflicts. In DiffServ/MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) networks traffic flows traverse the network simultaneously and there may come to collision of concurrent flows. They are distributed among LSPs (Labeled Switching Paths) related to service classes. In LSP creation the IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) uses simple on-line routing algorithms based on the shortest path methodology. In highly loaded networks this becomes an insufficient technique. In this suggested approach LSP need not necessarily be the shortest path solution. It can be pre-computed much earlier, possibly during the SLA negotiation process. In that sense an effective algorithm for collision control is developed. It may find a longer but lightly loaded path, taking care of the collision possibility. It could be a very good solution for collision avoidance and for better load-balancing purpose where links are running close to capacity. The algorithm can be significantly improved through heuristic approach. Heuristic options are compared in test-examples and their application for collision control is explained. KEYWORDS: Telecommunication networks, collision avoidance, multi-constraint route selection, self-organizing systems, MPLS, Qo

Relevant Affect Factors of Smartphone Mobile Data Traffic

Smartphones are used to access a wide range of different information and communication services and perform functions based on data transfer. A number of subscription contracts for smartphones is rapidly increasing, and the development of mobile communications network provides higher speed of data transfer. The continuous increase in the average amount of data traffic per one subscriber contract leads to an increase in the total Mobile Data Traffic (MDT), globally. This research represents a summary of factors that affect the amount of smartphone MDT. Previous literature shows only a few of the factors individually that affect the realization of smartphone MDT. The results of the research clarify the ways which influence the amount of MDT generated by a smartphone. This paper increases the awareness of the users of the methods of generating smartphone MDT. The research also allows users to specify parameters that affect the prediction of generated MDT of a smartphone

Possibilities of Applying ICT to Improve Safe Movement of Blind and Visually Impaired Persons

Today’s level of the development of information and communication technologies enables the implementation of assistive technologies that can contribute to improved mobility of the persons with impaired vision (users that move along the traffic network). The user in this research has the role of a pedestrian moving along the traffic network, using information and communication technology (ICT) solutions and services for the purpose of information about the surrounding and navigation. In order to achieve greater information and safe movement of the user in the environment, one has to identify and define the relevant parameters necessary to define the user’s requirements, as the basic precondition for the design of new information and communication services. The analysis of the most used application solutions for mobile terminal devices showed the failure in providing precise information to the user, designing of functionality, structure of information and education of the users about the new solutions and services. The downsides of the current applications have served as the basis in defining the recommendations for the development of future applications, with the aim of increasing the user safety. Proper structure of information allows the user a faster and easier search of relevant information and information methods while moving along the traffic network elements. Therefore, the recommendations in designing future solutions and services based on possible technologies of short coverage area (RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, WiFi, RTLS) have been defined. These technologies allow communication connectivity of the users, other traffic entities and the entire traffic surrounding into a unique whole by using the principle of Internet of Things (IoT)

An Overview of Distributed Denial of Service Traffic Detection Approaches

The availability of information and communication (IC) resources is a growing problem caused by the increase in the number of users, IC services, and the capacity constraints. IC resources need to be available to legitimate users at the required time. The availability is of crucial importance in IC environments such as smart city, autonomous vehicle, or critical infrastructure management systems. In the mentioned and similar environments the unavailability of resources can also have negative consequences on people\u27s safety. The distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks and traffic that such attacks generate, represent a growing problem in the last decade. Their goal is to disable access to the resources for legitimate users. This paper analyses the trends of such traffic which indicates the importance of its detection methods research. The paper also provides an overview of the currently used approaches used in detection system and model development. Based on the analysis of the previous research, the disadvantages of the used approaches have been identified which opens the space and gives the direction for future research. Besides the mentioned this paper highlights a DDoS traffic generated through Internet of things (IoT) devices as an evolving threat that needs to be taken into consideration in the future studies.</p

Search and Rescue Radar Transponder under Dynamic Operating Conditions

The Search and Rescue Radar Transponder (SART) operates in the frequency range from 9.2 GHz to 9.5 GHz. The SART is used on conventional and, partly, nonconventional vessels in search and rescue operations at sea. It is also used, to a certain extent, on inland waterways, rivers and lakes. As for their construction and design, SART transponders are self-contained, portable units. With regard to their technical characteristics and design requirements, they comply with the regulations of local registers of shipping when fitted to new-build vessels or in case of subsequent installation. This paper presents the influence of the real-life conditions to the SART radio horizon. When the device is operated on various survival crafts and life-rafts, the actual ranges achieved under dynamic conditions, depending on the changes in the SART antenna height, differ very much. However, it can be noted that the application of the SART in real-life conditions in practice does not achieve the results required by relevant recommendations. The paper also provides suggestions for potential improvements in SART operation and use

The Impact of Using Modern Information and Communication Equipment and Services on Driving Safety

With the development and application of modern information and communication equipment and services (ICES), global society has undergone significant development and progress in everyday life. Along with the positive, negative aspects of their usage have evolved. One of the problems is the new sources of driver distraction, which ultimately results in a serious, growing daily threat to traffic safety. Simultaneously with the development of ICES, the number of distracters (mobile terminal devices, laptops, smart watches, and others) has increased as well, which also reduces the level of safety and affects the quality of driving. With the increase in participation and ownership of mobile terminal devices, as well as the implementation of modern multimedia information and communication systems in vehicles, this problem will further escalate in the coming years. The unfavorable factor comes from the fact that distraction factors influenced by using ICES belong to bio-mechanical, cognitive, auditory, and visual categories, which directly affects essential human functions for successful and safe vehicle operation. This paper provides insight into the issue of distraction factors that affect drivers with an emphasis on those caused by using modern ICES

Contribution to ECDIS Reliability using Markov Model

An Integrated Bridge System (IBS) contains a fully duplicated Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). Although duplication should increase system reliability, reliability and availability are not improved. Proper ECDIS maintenance includes updating both: the information system and the provided chart system. This procedure, in practice, tends to decrease reliability and availability. A Markov ECDIS simulation model is given. A new design concept is presented and proposed. The entire ECDIS system is improved by adding a cold standby system preventing the occurrence of errors due to updating and upgrading of the system device