DATA MANAGEMENT IN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES: THE CASE OF AUSTRIA

Data has become the most critical asset that companies have. Companies often lack the experience to generate the highest possible value from their data. Most current studies on this topic were not restricted to the participants' geographical location or industrial sector. The originality of this research is that a survey is sent to industrial companies in Austria solely. This article intends to answer the following research question: 'What is the current state regarding data management in Austrian industrial companies? It should start a discussion in the community if Austrian and European companies are behind their international competitors in company-wide data management. It should also give an overview of standardized KPIs, responsibilities, problems, data storage technology, and decision-making. While most industrial companies in Austria stated that their KPIs are standardized within the company and strategic decisions are based on data, Austrian companies lack behind their international competitors in terms of C-level positions for data management and a company-wide data management strategy

PREDICTORS OF AVERAGE WAIT TIME AT AN INTERSECTION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

This paper reports the results of the studies on identifying the predictors of average wait times of vehicles at intersections. The strength and direction of the relationship of these predictors were gauged from the values and sign of the predictor. Simulated data obtained using a JavaScript algorithm were used. The variables tested for predictability included the traffic light time (seconds), traffic density per minute, number of input tracks (1 or 2), and number of output tacks (1 or 2). The program can then simulate the average wait time in seconds for an intersection (down, right, up, and left). The programme simulated the average wait times for the four directions of traffic flows at the intersection. These data were used in an artificial neural network algorithm. About 70% of the data were used for training and the remaining 30% were used for testing. The ANN model used is called a multi-layer perceptron (MLP). All the 4 models developed have one input layer, one hidden layer, and one output layer. The results indicated that density as the strongest predictor accounting for 100% importance among the variables tested. In some situations, traffic light times or the number of input or output tracks in some directions could also predict wait times to a lesser extent. Density was positively related to the wait times. These findings have been largely supported by the published literature when linked to traffic flow and travel times

A Critical Analysis of the Rights and Obligations of the Manager of a Limited Liability Company: Managerial Legislative Basis

The rights and obligations of an executive as a top manager of a limited liability company seem to be a long-settled question. However, the opposite is true. We were particularly interested in the question of the rights and obligations of the manager as a statutory body of the most widespread type of business company. A very important issue is the definition of the relationship between the limited liability company and the manager. The reason for this is the fact that it is a business–legal relationship and the protection provided to the executive in relation to the business company is based only on their mutual contractual basis. In addition to the examination of managerial knowledge and skills, we focused primarily on a critical analysis of the legal definition of the rights and obligations of an executive and their responsibility towards a limited liability company. As part of our research, we analyzed extensive jurisprudence, which completed our understanding of the concept of an executive and also defined the framework of not only their actions, but especially their rights and obligations. To achieve our goal, we used several scientific methods designed for the study of law, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction, and description. We critically evaluated the results of our research and compared the development of Slovak and Czech jurisprudence in the context of its influence on the investigated issue. At the same time, we answered the research question of whether legislative intervention is necessary for the already existing rights and obligations of a manager in relation to their limited liability company. This analysis of the rights and obligations of the manager of a limited liability company has several implications for both managers and companies as a whole, such as managerial autonomy, accountability, responsibility, and the balance of power. The research findings highlighted the significant decision making authority granted to managers. The obligations identified in the analysis emphasized the need for managers to act responsibly and be accountable for their actions. The rights and obligations of managers need to be balanced with the interests of other stakeholders, particularly the company’s members. In conclusion, the critical analysis of the rights and obligations of the manager of a limited liability company, based on the managerial legislative basis, revealed that managers possess decision making authority, profit distribution rights, limited liability protection, and entitlement to compensation. However, they are also obligated to fulfill fiduciary duties, comply with laws and regulations, maintain proper records, and exercise due care. The research underscored the significance of managerial autonomy, accountability, and a balanced exercise of power in a limited liability company. By understanding and adhering to their rights and obligations, managers can effectively navigate their roles while contributing to the success and sustainability of the compan

Effective Public Administration as a Tool for Building Smart Cities: The Experience of the Slovak Republic

This study focuses on examining the requirements forming the concept of the right to effective administration in relation to the communication of local governments with their residents. We pay attention to the electronization of public administration and the ambition to strengthen it through public participation in decision making concerning important matters of self-government, as the implementation of effective public administration is linked to the right management approach. In the first part of the study, we analyze European jurisprudence and legislation, and we further address the question of how the European concept of local government influences the communication of local authorities with their inhabitants in relation to the realization of the means of direct democracy. We focus our attention on the current state of the electronization of public administration and its development, including cyber security. The main goal of this study is to use critical analysis to assess the legal regulation of the activities of the Slovak public administration. In addition to the main goal, we also have several sub-goals, such as making a comparison of the development of the electronization of public administration in the countries of the former Czechoslovakia. Especially with the use of critical analysis and other scientific methods of investigation, we look for and find answers to selected application problems from practice. We also use scientific and doctrinal interpretation as well as scientific literature and jurisprudence. As a result of our study, recommendations are made to ensure the more efficient functioning of smart cities in the Slovak Republic

Effective Public Administration as a Tool for Building Smart Cities: The Experience of the Slovak Republic

This study focuses on examining the requirements forming the concept of the right to effective administration in relation to the communication of local governments with their residents. We pay attention to the electronization of public administration and the ambition to strengthen it through public participation in decision making concerning important matters of self-government, as the implementation of effective public administration is linked to the right management approach. In the first part of the study, we analyze European jurisprudence and legislation, and we further address the question of how the European concept of local government influences the communication of local authorities with their inhabitants in relation to the realization of the means of direct democracy. We focus our attention on the current state of the electronization of public administration and its development, including cyber security. The main goal of this study is to use critical analysis to assess the legal regulation of the activities of the Slovak public administration. In addition to the main goal, we also have several sub-goals, such as making a comparison of the development of the electronization of public administration in the countries of the former Czechoslovakia. Especially with the use of critical analysis and other scientific methods of investigation, we look for and find answers to selected application problems from practice. We also use scientific and doctrinal interpretation as well as scientific literature and jurisprudence. As a result of our study, recommendations are made to ensure the more efficient functioning of smart cities in the Slovak Republic

eIDAS Regulation and Its Impact on National Legislation: The Case of the Slovak Republic

The eIDAS Regulation has become a key and, in a way, a ground-breaking piece of legislation of the European Union. It is crucial, in particular, with regard to its ambitious objectives and ground breaking because it was adopted at a time when the Member States of the European Union already had this issue more broadly or narrowly regulated by national laws. In our scientific study, we focus primarily on the critical analysis of the adopted eIDAS Regulation, its impact on the existing e-signature legislation and the amendments adopted, which are necessary to unify the legal framework for electronic signature of the Member States of the European Union. Our main objective was therefore to analyse the legal aspects of the electronic signature. We draw attention to those areas which, because of the regulation adopted, had to be recast and incorporated into the new Trust Services Act, as it emerged from the eIDAS Regulation for us. When processing the topic, we used legal analysis, compliant and available scientific methods as well as selected application problems from practice. In researching and developing a new legal framework for the electronic signature, we also used scientific and doctrinal interpretations associated with the application of scientific and scientific literature contained in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results of the study indicate that, despite the multi-annual effectiveness of the eIDAS Regulation, there are still problems that need to be addressed by amending it

The Valuation of Land in Land Consolidation and Relevant Administrative Procedures in the Conditions of the Slovak Republic

This scientific study focuses on the assessment of the legislation on land valuation, which takes place in the framework of selected administrative procedures in the Slovak Republic. The issue of land valuation is regulated in several pieces of legislation and, in terms of content, is their unifying feature of the valuation of land for public purposes. The reason for examining the determination of the so-called “administrative price of land” is the fact that, in practice, the administrative procedures analyzed are extremely time-consuming and considerably inefficient compared to other administrative practices. Another reason for analyzing the legislation on land valuation is the fact that they also have a direct impact on the speed of the related administrative procedures and on the use of land for private purposes and, therefore, on the actual exercise of the property rights to which the parties to those proceedings are legally entitled. The main objective of this study is to examine the quantity, quality, and differences of legislation allowing land valuation for land consolidation purposes and to compare it with land valuation for restitution and expropriation purposes. In the processing of the topic, we primarily used the method of critical legal analysis and suitable and available scientific methods designed for law examinations, such as description or synthesis. In the context of the examination, we also applied a comparative method to compare the development of the legal situation of the Slovak Republic with the Czech Republic. We also used scientific and doctrinal interpretations associated with the application of case law on Slovak and Czech legislation, as well as professional and scientific literature contained in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results of the study indicate that, despite the multi-annual effectiveness of the legislation, it would be appropriate to resolve the problems encountered in the Slovak Republic by adopting a new code regulating the issue of land consolidation

Simple Company on Shares as Startup Support Tool

On January 1st 2017, the amendment to the Commercial Code implementing the Capital Market Concept. This is a measure of the implementation which is the part of the Startup Support Concept and the Development of the Startup Ecosystem in the Slovak Republic. A new form of capital trading company has been created to offer a comprehensive solution for capital investments in companies. An example of such an investment is start‑up investment as business initiatives with high innovation and growth potential that can not provide funding through banks. When investing capital, it is necessary to flexibly set the investor’s entry, coexistence and output beyond what is currently possible in the form of trading companies in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. Until now, it has been a limited liability company, which has been mainly used for investing capital of start‑ups. Later was used the joint stock company as the capital‑intensive type of business. A public limited company and a limited partnership belonging to a group of private partnerships were not and are not used as startups, because of unlimited liability of the partners for the company’s obligations. The main obstacle for a joint‑stock company, as support for startups until their advanced stages of life cycle, is relatively high statutory minimum capital requirement of EUR 25,000. Another issue may be legal regulation aimed at medium and large businesses allowing them to trade their shares on the stock Exchange market, with the associated increased demands to ensure the functioning of the company. However, the Simple company, representing the hybrid form of a capital company, also has its serious shortcomings and is not a boon to support startups. Since it is a “young” type of business company that has not yet been the subject of research, it is the intention of the contributors to analyse a Simple company on shares and, by means of a number of scientific research methods, to provide a critical view of its shortcomings. Despite the fact that the reason for the establishment of this business company was mostly economic, research is mainly directed at the area of commercial law

Development of Methods for the Strategic Management of Web Projects

In this article, we have explored methods for the strategic management of web projects. By introducing a long-term web project development strategy into the operation of a web project, mechanisms can be developed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the web project. An important factor is to develop a strategy taking into account all possible crisis situations and ways out of these situations. The authors analyzed and simulated the web project structure, working out methods of web project strategy realization and implementation in a crisis situation. Additionally, in this article, the authors have presented the model for the strategic map of the balanced scorecard of a web project. The authors tested the developed methods on six web projects of university departments. The received results confirmed the appropriateness and necessity of the development and implementation of methods of the strategic management of web projects

The link between knowledge management and the implementation of a working time recording system in the home office

AbstractThis theoretical scientific study explores the link between the implementation of a working time recording system in the home office and knowledge management, given that the goal of knowledge management is to create a culture of continuous learning and innovation within the employer, leading to increased efficiency and effectiveness. The main source of knowledge needed for the purposes of processing this study were scientific articles that were searched in the ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and JSTOR databases. The material also includes selected legal regulations and court decisions. We thoroughly examined these sources and summarized the information found in the conclusion. Similarly, in the home office context, implementing a working time recording system can help with knowledge management in several ways, including increased visibility, improved organization, enhanced collaboration and enhanced learning. Moreover, the literature suggests that implementing a working time recording system in the office can have several benefits for knowledge management. By providing a more accurate and detailed record of employee work activity, tracking employee learning and development activities, and enabling the tracking of the flow of work within an organization, such systems can support the management of knowledge and help employers to achieve their goals