Deformation Law and Spatial Effect of Deep Foundation Pits for Subway Construction in Soil-Rock Composite Strata in Seasonally Frozen Areas

The stability and safety of metro deep foundation pit in the soil-rock composite stratum in the seasonally frozen area are the key issues in the design and construction of the foundation pit. In order to ensure the soil-rock composite stratum in the seasonally frozen area, the deformation of the supporting structure is within the safe range when the deep foundation pit is excavated. At the same time, it will reduce the impact of the construction of metro deep foundation pit on the surrounding buildings. During the construction of foundation pit, close monitoring shall be carried out and the actual monitoring data shall be studied and analyzed. During the excavation of each layer of the foundation pit, monitor the displacement change of the foundation pit support structure and the settlement change of the surrounding ground surface, study the deformation law of the subway deep foundation pit in the soil-rock composite layer, and discuss the spatial effect of the foundation pit excavation in the seasonally frozen area. This paper mainly takes the deep foundation pit project of Anxin Road Station of Changchun Metro Line 5 as the research object, and analyzes the actual monitoring results. The results show that: (1) With the long side of the foundation pit, the deformation of the retaining structure of the foundation pit increases with the distance from the pit corner, and the middle of the long side of the foundation pit is less constrained by the retaining structure. (2) During the excavation of soil-rock composite foundation pit in seasonally frozen soil area, the pile displacement, axial force of support and uplift of support structure caused by rock excavation are relatively small, while the lateral displacement of foundation pit below the rock surface and thawing settlement deformation of soil are basically unchanged. The maximum lateral displacement of the foundation pit at the upper part of the rock surface moves upward. During the construction of deep foundation pit, there is a large displacement before the erection of the third layer of steel support. Attention should be paid to the soil properties of the deep silty clay layer, as well as to the rapid construction and synchronous maintenance

Metabolic Profiles and cDNA-AFLP Analysis of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia castanea Diel f. tomentosa Stib

Plants of the genus Salvia produce various types of phenolic compounds and tanshinones which are effective for treatment of coronary heart disease. Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib are two important members of the genus. In this study, metabolic profiles and cDNA-AFLP analysis of four samples were employed to identify novel genes potentially involved in phenolic compounds and tanshinones biosynthesis, including the red roots from the two species and two tanshinone-free roots from S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that the red roots of S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib produced high contents of rosmarinic acid (21.77 mg/g) and tanshinone IIA (12.60 mg/g), but low content of salvianolic acid B (1.45 mg/g). The red roots of S. miltiorrhiza produced high content of salvianolic acid B (18.69 mg/g), while tanshinones accumulation in this sample was much less than that in S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. Tanshinones were not detected in the two tanshinone-free samples, which produced high contents of phenolic compounds. A cDNA-AFLP analysis with 128 primer pairs revealed that 2300 transcript derived fragments (TDFs) were differentially expressed among the four samples. About 323 TDFs were sequenced, of which 78 TDFs were annotated with known functions through BLASTX searching the Genbank database and 14 annotated TDFs were assigned into secondary metabolic pathways through searching the KEGGPATHWAY database. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that the expression of 9 TDFs was positively correlated with accumulation of phenolic compounds and tanshinones. These TDFs additionally showed coordinated transcriptional response with 6 previously-identified genes involved in biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic compounds in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots treated with yeast extract. The sequence data in the present work not only provided us candidate genes involved in phenolic compounds and tanshinones biosynthesis but also gave us further insight into secondary metabolism in Salvia

Molecular Decoding of Phytohormone Crosstalk: JA-Mediated Key Regulatory Nodes and Signal Integration

Jasmonates (JAs) are crucial phytohormones governing plant growth and defense against stresses. This review synthesizes the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying JA crosstalk with key hormones: auxin (AU), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), brassinosteroids (BRs), strigolactones (SLs), and salicylic acid (SA). We focus on interactions during development and stress adaptation, highlighting how these range from synergistic (e.g., JA-ABA/ET in defense, JA-AU in root growth) to antagonistic (e.g., JA-SA in pathogen response, JA-GA/BRs in growth processes). Central to this crosstalk are key regulatory nodes like the MYC2 transcription factor and JAZ repressor proteins, which integrate signals through transcription factor networks, targeted protein degradation, and post-translational modifications. By elucidating these molecular pathways, our review establishes a framework for understanding the complex regulatory logic of hormone interactions. Furthermore, it offers insights for the strategic engineering of hormone signaling (e.g., modulating JAZ stability or MYC2 activity) to enhance crop resilience to environmental challenges

Advances in Pseudostellaria heterophylla Research: Current Status and Future Directions

Pseudostellaria heterophylla, a dual-purpose medicinal and edible herb, has shown significant pharmacological potential, particularly through its immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. This review provides insights into the phytohormone regulatory mechanisms and active-component biosynthesis, highlighting key metabolic pathways and yield-optimization strategies. The interactions between hormones and genes in root morphology and metabolite accumulation are discussed, offering new perspectives for molecular breeding. Additionally, a multidisciplinary framework is proposed to address cultivation challenges and quality enhancement, laying the groundwork for sustainable utilization of this valuable medicinal plant

BRD4 promotes tumor progression and NF-κB/CCL2-dependent tumor-associated macrophage recruitment in GIST

AbstractThe most commonly occurring sarcoma of the soft tissue is gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Treatment and prevention of the disease necessitate an understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. However, the role of BRD4 in the progression of GIST is still unclear. While it is known there are abundant infiltrating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment, the exact role of these cells has yet to be studied. This work showed an upregulation of BRD4 in GIST that was associated with GIST prognosis. Through gain and loss of function studies, it was found that BRD4 promotes GIST growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BRD4 enhances CCL2 expression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, this CCL2 upregulation causes recruitment of macrophages into the tumor leading to tumor growth. A likely mechanism for interactions in the GIST microenvironment has been outlined by this work to show the role and potential use of BRD4 as a treatment target in GIST.</jats:p