KS0−KL0K_S^0-K_L^0 Asymmetries and CPCP Violation in Charmed Baryon Decays into Neutral Kaons

We study the $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetries and $CP$ violations in charm-baryon decays with neutral kaons in the final state. The $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetry can be used to search for two-body doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes of charm-baryon decays, with the one in $\Lambda^+_c\to pK^0_{S,L}$ as a promising observable. Besides, it is studied for a new $CP$-violation effect in these processes, induced by the interference between the Cabibbo-favored and doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes with the neutral kaon mixing. Once the new CP-violation effect is determined by experiments, the direct $CP$ asymmetry in neutral kaon modes can then be extracted and used to search for new physics. The numerical results based on $SU(3)$ symmetry will be tested by the experiments in the future.Comment: 15 pages, 3 tables. Version published in JHE

Overexpression of lncRNA UCA1 promotes osteosarcoma progression and correlates with poor prognosis

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proved to play important roles in the tumorigenesis and development of several human malignancies. Our study aims to investigate the expression and function of lncRNA-UCA1 in osteosarcoma. lncRNA-UCA1 expression was detected in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines by using qRT-PCR. Association between lncRNA-UCA1 levels and clinicopathological factors and patient's prognosis was analyzed. The roles of lncRNA-UCA1 in regulating osteosarcoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated in vitro. We found that lncRNA-UCA1 expression was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. High lncRNA-UCA1 expression was significantly correlated with large tumor size, high tumor grade, positive distant metastasis, and advanced clinical stage. Multivariate regression analysis identified lncRNA-UCA1 overexpression as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor. lncRNA-UCA1 knockdown inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell invasion and migration, whereas lncRNA-UCA1 overexpression showed opposite effects. These findings suggested that lncRNA-UCA1 may contribute to osteosarcoma initiation and progression, and would be not only a novel prognostic marker but also a potential therapeutic target for this disease

Neural-Symbolic Entangled Framework for Complex Query Answering

Answering complex queries over knowledge graphs (KG) is an important yet challenging task because of the KG incompleteness issue and cascading errors during reasoning. Recent query embedding (QE) approaches to embed the entities and relations in a KG and the first-order logic (FOL) queries into a low dimensional space, answering queries by dense similarity search. However, previous works mainly concentrate on the target answers, ignoring intermediate entities' usefulness, which is essential for relieving the cascading error problem in logical query answering. In addition, these methods are usually designed with their own geometric or distributional embeddings to handle logical operators like union, intersection, and negation, with the sacrifice of the accuracy of the basic operator - projection, and they could not absorb other embedding methods to their models. In this work, we propose a Neural and Symbolic Entangled framework (ENeSy) for complex query answering, which enables the neural and symbolic reasoning to enhance each other to alleviate the cascading error and KG incompleteness. The projection operator in ENeSy could be any embedding method with the capability of link prediction, and the other FOL operators are handled without parameters. With both neural and symbolic reasoning results contained, ENeSy answers queries in ensembles. ENeSy achieves the SOTA performance on several benchmarks, especially in the setting of the training model only with the link prediction task.Comment: Paper accepted by NeurIPS202

Effect of Thiazolidinedione Amide on Insulin Resistance, Creactive Protein and Endothelial Function in Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Purpose: To investigate the effect of thiazolidinedione amide (TZDA) treatment on high-sensitivity Creactive protein (hsCRP) levels and endothelial dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods: Twenty five women (mean age 24.7 ± 3.9 years; mean body mass index (BMI), 23.2 ± 4.0 kg/m2) with PCOS were treated with 15 μM TZDA daily for 12 months. Serum levels of testosterone, leutenizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin and hsCRP were measured. BMI, hirsutism scores and insulin sensitivity indices were also calculated prior to and after TZDA treatment. Brachial artery responses to stimuli was used to measure arterial endothelium and smooth muscle function prior to and after the treatment.Results: TZDA treatment caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum testosterone from 93.1 ± 40.3 to 54.8 ± 19.5 ng/dl and fasting insulin concentration from 11.9 ± 6.8 to 9.23 ± 5.13 U/mL. Insulin resistance index significantly (p < 0.05) improved and hirsutism score decreased significantly from 11.6 ± 2.0 to 6.8 ± 2.0. BMI, waist circumference, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- cholesterol, FSH and LH levels remained almost unchanged. Twenty-four of the women reverted to regular menstrual cycles. SHBG levels showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase from 24.8 ± 9.5 to 49.1 ± 13.5 nmol/L after TZDA treatment. Serum hsCRP levels decreased (p < 0.05) from 0.25 ± 0.1 to 0.09 ± 0.02 mg/dL while endothelium-dependent vascular responses significantly improved (p < 0.05) following TZDA treatment (9.9 ± 3.9 vs 16.4 ± 5.1%).Conclusion: TZDA treatment improves insulin sensitivity, decreases androgen production and improves endothelial dysfunction in young women with PCOS.Keywords: Thiazolidinedione amide, Insulin sensitivity, Endothelial dysfunction, Polycystic ovary syndrom

Population Stereotyped Icons: A Study of Agrarian Communities in India

Knowledge transfer is a key factor for increasing agriculture yield especially in developing countries like India. Information Communication Technologies (ICT) is the best platform for knowledge transfer. However, the expertise level of novice users living in India has compromised usage of ICT services. To fill the gap, we suggest for icons to be developed using population stereotype production method. In this study, we first generated population stereotype representations for sixteen different function labels. We then compared the performance and representativeness of these populationstereotyped icons with other ideas. Two separate experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, ninety-two participants from the farming communities were asked to draw images to represent sixteen function labels. In the second experiment, eighty-eight participants were equally distributed into four groups to evaluate the performance and representativeness of all the population-stereotyped representations. This study answered one of the most significant questions regarding the utility of using population-stereotyped ideas for the development of icons in the context of agrarian societies of rural India. The study also offered important practical implications for designing representative icons by using representations developed by different participants during population stereotype production

The ultra-low-frequency shear modes of 2-4 layer graphenes observed in their scroll structures at edges

The in-plane shear modes between neighbor-layers of 2-4 layer graphenes (LGs) and the corresponding graphene scrolls rolled up by 2-4LGs were investigated by Raman scattering. In contrast to that just one shear mode was observed in 3-4LGs, all the shear modes of 3-4LGs were observed in 3-4 layer scrolls (LSs), whose frequencies agree well with the theoretical predication by both a force-constant model and a linear chain model. In comparison to the broad width (about 12cm$^{-1}$) for the G band in graphite, all the shear modes exhibit an intrinsic line width of about 1.0 cm$^{-1}$. The local electronic structures dependent on the local staking configurations enhance the intensity of the shear modes in corresponding 2-4LSs zones, which makes it possible to observe all the shear modes. It provides a direct evidence that how the band structures of FLGs can be sensitive to local staking configurations. This result can be extended to n layer graphene (n > 4) for the understanding of the basic phonon properties of multi-layer graphenes. This observation of all-scale shear modes can be foreseen in other 2D materials with similar scroll structures.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure