3-(4-Bromo­phen­yl)-4-(4-hy­droxy­anilino)furan-2(5H)-one

In the title compound, C16H12BrNO3, the butyrolactone core adopts the furan-2(5H)-one structure and forms dihedral angles of 44.80 (17) and 65.73 (18)° with the bromo­benzene and phenol rings, respectively. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules, generating R 4 3(26) loops The edge-fused rings extend to form a chain running along the b-axis direction and C—H⋯π contacts help to consolidate the packing

Molecular characteristics and function of elliptical Kiwifruit

Article describes study analyzing the chemical components of elliptical kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch) using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technologies

Covid-19 pandemic in the lens of food safety and security

The recently emerged coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has been characterised as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), is impacting all parts of human society including agriculture, manufacturing, and tertiary sectors involving all service provision industries. This paper aims to give an overview of potential host reservoirs that could cause pandemic outbreak caused by zoonotic transmission. Amongst all, continues surveillance in slaughterhouse for possible pathogens transmission is needed to prevent next pandemic outbreak. This paper also summarizes the potential threats of pandemic to agriculture and aquaculture sector that control almost the total food supply chain and market. The history lesson from the past, emerging and reemerging infectious disease including the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002, Influenza A H1N1 (swine flu) in 2009, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and the recent COVID-19 should give us some clue to improve especially the governance to be more ready for next coming pandemic

Use, exposure, and omics characterisation of potential hazard in nanomaterials

Nanomaterials offer the potential for positive technological impact in a variety of industries. The breakthrough is in neurological therapeutic applications as their physical and chemical properties allow them to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, questions concerning its safety have arisen as a result of its permeability and the broad application of nanomaterials especially the engineered nanomaterial (ENMs). Due to the large spectrum of ENM properties, pinpointing individual features that caused toxicity is difficult. It is therefore urgent to capitalise on these new developments in ENM safety evaluation. Indeed, novel risk assessment and risk management techniques for humans and the environment across the whole life-cycle of nanomaterial products have emerged in recent years, including systems biology approaches and high-throughput screening platforms. Moreover, the new toxicology technology should practically reduce the number of animal samples required for testing and allow both in vitro and in vivo cell studies. Unlike traditional cytotoxicity, which limits the analysis effect to a single experiment, hazardous risk assessment by integrated omics technologies using high-throughput technologies provides robustness of systemic functional analysis towards ENM, allowing the discovery of biomarkers and functional pathways affecting ENM safety application

Production of biochar from rice straw and its application for wastewater remediation − An overview

The valorization of biochar as a green and low-cost adsorbent provides a sustainable alternative to commercial wastewater treatment technologies that are usually chemical intensive and expensive. This review presents an in-depth analysis focusing on the rice straw-derived biochar (RSB) for removal of various types of contaminants in wastewater remediation. Pyrolysis is to date the most established technology to produce biochar. Subsequently, biochar is upgraded via physical, chemical or hybrid activation/modification techniques to enhance its adsorption capacity and robustness. Thus far, acid-modified RSB is able to remove metal ions and organic compounds, while magnetic biochar and electrochemical deposition have emerged as potential biochar modification techniques. Besides, temperature and pH are the two main parameters that affect the efficiency of contaminants removal by RSB. Lastly, the limitations of RSB in wastewater remediation are elucidated based on the current advancements of the field, and future research directions are proposed

Characteristics of activated carbon remove sulfur particles against smog

Sulfur particles, which could cause diseases, were the main powder of smog. And activated carbon had the very adsorption characteristics. Therefore, five sulfur particles were adsorbed by activated carbon and were analyzed by FT-IR. The optimal adsorption time were 120 min of Na2SO3, 120 min of Na2S2O8, 120 min of Na2SO4, 120 min of Fe2(SO4)3 and 120 min of S. FT-IR spectra showed that activated carbon had the eight characteristic absorption of SS stretch, H2O stretch, OH stretch, CH stretch, conjugated CO stretch or CC stretch, CH2 bend, CO stretch and acetylenic CH bend vibrations at 3850 cm–1, 3740 cm–1, 3430 cm–1, 2920 cm–1, 1630 cm–1, 1390 cm–1, 1110 cm–1 and 600 cm–1, respectively. For Na2SO3, the peaks at 2920 cm–1, 1630 cm–1, 1390 cm–1 and 1110 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 20 min. For Na2S2O8, the peaks at 3850 cm–1, 3740 cm–1 and 2920 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 60 min. The peaks at 1390 cm–1, 1110 cm–1 and 600 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 40 min. For Na2SO4, the peaks at 3430 cm–1, 2920 cm–1, 1630 cm–1, 1390 cm–1, 1110 cm–1 and 600 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 60 min. For Fe2(SO4)3, the peaks at 1390 cm–1, 1110 cm–1 and 600 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 20 min. For S, the peaks at 1630 cm–1, 1390 cm–1 and 600 cm–1 achieved the maximum at 120 min. It provided that activated carbon could remove sulfur particles from smog air to restrain many anaphylactic diseases. Keywords: Activated carbon, Desulfuration, Na2SO3, Na2S2O8, Na2SO4, Fe2(SO4)3,

Molecules and functions of rosewood: Pterocarpus cambodianus

Pterocarpus is a high-end, expensive furniture materials collectively. Pterocarpus products have a certain human health function. In this paper, Pterocarpus cambodianus Pierre as an example, we study its human health components by using PY–GC–MS, TDS–GC–MS and GC–MS. The composition of known human health functions was studied by reviewing the literature. 1-Heptatriacotanol has anti-hypercholesterolemic effects. Cryptomeridiol is a natural product of anti-Alzheimer's disease and antispasmodic nature, and has a significant medicinal value. 7-Methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate has the effect of heat and heat cough. .alpha.-Bisabolol can be used to treat leishmaniasis caused by Lactobacillus infants. Keywords: Pterocarpus, Pterocarpus cambodianus Pierre, PY–GC–MS, GC–MS, TDS–GC–MS, Health care ingredient

Molecules and functions of rosewood: Diospyros celebica

Pterocarpus and Pterocarpus products have certain human health function. In this paper, Diospyros celebica Bakh as an example, we study its human health components by using PY–GC–MS, TDS–GC–MS and GC–MS. The composition of known human health functions was studied by reviewing the literature. 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose has a certain conservation property, and it can protect the pancreatic B cells against the toxicity of alloxan. P-Cresol plays a role in endothelial dysfunction in uremic patients, and it can repair wounds and reduce endothelial progression. 2(3H)-Furanone, 5-methyl-has certain biological resistance, and has high antimicrobial activity against NCIM 2501 and NCIM 5021. Keywords: Pterocarpus, Diospyros celebica, PY–GC–MS, GC–MS, TDS–GC–MS, Health care ingredient