162 research outputs found
Internal Contrastive Learning for Generalized Out-of-distribution Fault Diagnosis (GOOFD) Framework
Fault diagnosis is essential in industrial processes for monitoring the
conditions of important machines. With the ever-increasing complexity of
working conditions and demand for safety during production and operation,
different diagnosis methods are required, and more importantly, an integrated
fault diagnosis system that can cope with multiple tasks is highly desired.
However, the diagnosis subtasks are often studied separately, and the currently
available methods still need improvement for such a generalized system. To
address this issue, we propose the Generalized Out-of-distribution Fault
Diagnosis (GOOFD) framework to integrate diagnosis subtasks, such as fault
detection, fault classification, and novel fault diagnosis. Additionally, a
unified fault diagnosis method based on internal contrastive learning is put
forward to underpin the proposed generalized framework. The method extracts
features utilizing the internal contrastive learning technique and then
recognizes the outliers based on the Mahalanobis distance. Experiments are
conducted on a simulated benchmark dataset as well as two practical process
datasets to evaluate the proposed framework. As demonstrated in the
experiments, the proposed method achieves better performance compared with
several existing techniques and thus verifies the effectiveness of the proposed
framework
Proteomic analysis of maize grain development using iTRAQ reveals temporal programs of diverse metabolic processes
Total proteins identified in maize grains (XLSX 745Â kb
Case Report: Whole-exome sequencing identified two novel COMP variants causing pseudoachondroplasia
Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) is a rare, dominant genetic disorder affecting bone and cartilage development, characterized by short-limb short stature, brachydactyly, loose joints, joint stiffness, and pain. The disorder is caused by mutations in the COMP gene, which encodes a protein that plays a role in the formation of collagen fibers. In this study, we present the clinical and genetic characteristics of PSACH in two Chinese families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis revealed two novel missense variants in the COMP gene: NM_000095.3: c.1319G>T (p.G440V, maternal) and NM_000095.3: c.1304A>T (p.D435V, paternal-mosaic). Strikingly, both the G440V and D435V mutations were located in the same T3 repeat motif and exhibited the potential to form hydrogen bonds with each other. Upon further analysis using Missense3D and PyMOL, we ascertained that these mutations showed the propensity to disrupt the protein structure of COMP, thus hampering its functioning. Our findings expand the existing knowledge of the genetic etiology underlying PSACH. The identification of new variants in the COMP gene can broaden the range of mutations linked with the condition. This information can contribute to the diagnosis and genetic counseling of patients with PSACH
Dynamic profiling of intact glucosinolates in radish by combining UHPLC-HRMS/MS and UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS
Glucosinolates (GSLs) and their degradation products in radish confer plant defense, promote human health, and generate pungent flavor. However, the intact GSLs in radish have not been investigated comprehensively yet. Here, an accurate qualitative and quantitative analyses of 15 intact GSLs from radish, including four major GSLs of glucoraphasatin (GRH), glucoerucin (GER), glucoraphenin (GRE), and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin (4MGBS), were conducted using UHPLC-HRMS/MS in combination with UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. Simultaneously, three isomers of hexyl GSL, 3-methylpentyl GSL, and 4-methylpentyl GSL were identified in radish. The highest content of GSLs was up to 232.46 μmol/g DW at the 42 DAG stage in the ‘SQY’ taproot, with an approximately 184.49-fold increase compared to the lowest content in another sample. That the GSLs content in the taproots of two radishes fluctuated in a similar pattern throughout the five vegetative growth stages according to the metabolic profiling, whereas the GSLs content in the ‘55’ leaf steadily decreased over the same period. Additionally, the proposed biosynthetic pathways of radish-specific GSLs were elucidated in this study. Our findings will provide an abundance of qualitative and quantitative data on intact GSLs, as well as a method for detecting GSLs, thus providing direction for the scientific progress and practical utilization of GSLs in radish
Tunable van Hove singularity without structural instability in Kagome metal CsTiBi
In Kagome metal CsVSb, multiple intertwined orders are accompanied by
both electronic and structural instabilities. These exotic orders have
attracted much recent attention, but their origins remain elusive. The newly
discovered CsTiBi is a Ti-based Kagome metal to parallel CsVSb.
Here, we report angle-resolved photoemission experiments and first-principles
calculations on pristine and Cs-doped CsTiBi samples. Our results
reveal that the van Hove singularity (vHS) in CsTiBi can be tuned in a
large energy range without structural instability, different from that in
CsVSb. As such, CsTiBi provides a complementary platform to
disentangle and investigate the electronic instability with a tunable vHS in
Kagome metals
MODMA dataset: a Multi-modal Open Dataset for Mental-disorder Analysis
According to the World Health Organization, the number of mental disorder
patients, especially depression patients, has grown rapidly and become a
leading contributor to the global burden of disease. However, the present
common practice of depression diagnosis is based on interviews and clinical
scales carried out by doctors, which is not only labor-consuming but also
time-consuming. One important reason is due to the lack of physiological
indicators for mental disorders. With the rising of tools such as data mining
and artificial intelligence, using physiological data to explore new possible
physiological indicators of mental disorder and creating new applications for
mental disorder diagnosis has become a new research hot topic. However, good
quality physiological data for mental disorder patients are hard to acquire. We
present a multi-modal open dataset for mental-disorder analysis. The dataset
includes EEG and audio data from clinically depressed patients and matching
normal controls. All our patients were carefully diagnosed and selected by
professional psychiatrists in hospitals. The EEG dataset includes not only data
collected using traditional 128-electrodes mounted elastic cap, but also a
novel wearable 3-electrode EEG collector for pervasive applications. The
128-electrodes EEG signals of 53 subjects were recorded as both in resting
state and under stimulation; the 3-electrode EEG signals of 55 subjects were
recorded in resting state; the audio data of 52 subjects were recorded during
interviewing, reading, and picture description. We encourage other researchers
in the field to use it for testing their methods of mental-disorder analysis
The Genomes of Oryza sativa: A History of Duplications
We report improved whole-genome shotgun sequences for the genomes of indica and japonica rice, both with multimegabase contiguity, or almost 1,000-fold improvement over the drafts of 2002. Tested against a nonredundant collection of 19,079 full-length cDNAs, 97.7% of the genes are aligned, without fragmentation, to the mapped super-scaffolds of one or the other genome. We introduce a gene identification procedure for plants that does not rely on similarity to known genes to remove erroneous predictions resulting from transposable elements. Using the available EST data to adjust for residual errors in the predictions, the estimated gene count is at least 38,000–40,000. Only 2%–3% of the genes are unique to any one subspecies, comparable to the amount of sequence that might still be missing. Despite this lack of variation in gene content, there is enormous variation in the intergenic regions. At least a quarter of the two sequences could not be aligned, and where they could be aligned, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rates varied from as little as 3.0 SNP/kb in the coding regions to 27.6 SNP/kb in the transposable elements. A more inclusive new approach for analyzing duplication history is introduced here. It reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication, a recent segmental duplication on Chromosomes 11 and 12, and massive ongoing individual gene duplications. We find 18 distinct pairs of duplicated segments that cover 65.7% of the genome; 17 of these pairs date back to a common time before the divergence of the grasses. More important, ongoing individual gene duplications provide a never-ending source of raw material for gene genesis and are major contributors to the differences between members of the grass family
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data
Adaptive Asymmetric Real Laplace Wavelet Filtering and Its Application on Rolling Bearing Early Fault Diagnosis
The early fault of rolling bearing is weak and may not be readily detected. To overcome this issue, the present paper comes up with a rolling bearing fault-diagnosing approach based on adaptive asymmetric real Laplace wavelet (ARLW) filtering, which is on the strength of water cycle optimization algorithm (WCA). Firstly, ARLW is introduced to filter the initial vibration signal since its waveform has the same asymmetric structure as the fault impact. Secondly, the optimum center frequency and bandwidth of ARLW is found out adaptively by applying the WCA through the proposed square envelope fault energy ratio (SEFER). Finally, envelope analysis is conducted to the narrowband signal obtained by the optimum ARLW filtering, and its envelope spectrum presents the rolling bearing fault characteristic frequency apparently. The proposed approach and two existing approaches are all tested in four signal analysis cases. The results are analyzed, and the conclusion is that the approach proposed by the present paper can detect the early fault of rolling bearing more accurately. The present research is valuable for diagnosing the early fault of rolling bearing
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