12 research outputs found
Ecophysiological characteristics of the nematophagous fungus, Plectosphaerella plurivora, with biocontrol potential on Nacobbus aberrans s.l. in tomato
The plant-parasitic nematode, Nacobbus sp., is responsible for significant economic losses in horticultural production centers in Argentina and other countries in America, alone or in combination with other biotic and abiotic factors. Although the genus’ distribution is restricted to the American continent, it has quarantine importance and is subject to international legislation to prevent its spread to other regions. The management of phytoparasitic nematodes using biological control strategies is a promising eco-compatible alternative, allowing for sustainability of the crop horticultural system. Firstly, this study ecophysiologically characterized Plectosphaerella plurivora SRA14, a strain with nematophagous activity on N. aberrans s.l. This fungal strain developed in vitro under a wide temperature range (20–30 °C), but the highest levels of water stress (Ψ: -7 and -10 Mpa; aW: 0.95 and 0.93) inhibited its growth. While the production of extracellular enzymes by this strain was low, P. plurivora SRA14 was able to develop in the rhizosphere and endorhizosphere of the tomato and basil crops without affecting the plant vigor parameters or producing phytotoxicity signs. Secondly, this study evidenced the biocontrol activity of P. plurivora SRA14 on N. aberrans s.l. populations in tomato, implanted into both sterile (artificially inoculated) and naturally infested soils via greenhouse pot experiments. The results of this work revealed for the first time the potential of P. plurivora SRA14 as a biological control agent of the phytoparasitic nematode N. aberrans s.l. in horticultural crops.Fil: Girardi, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa. Cátedra de EcologĂa Microbiana; ArgentinaFil: Sosa, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa. Cátedra de EcologĂa Microbiana; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Loyola GarcĂa, JoaquĂn. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa. Cátedra de EcologĂa Microbiana; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias.; ArgentinaFil: Passone, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa. Cátedra de EcologĂa Microbiana; Argentin
Staphylococcus aureus avirulent mutant vaccine induces humoral and cellular immune responses on pregnant heifers
Bovine mastitis produces economic losses, attributable to the decrease in milk production, reduced milk quality, costs of treatment and replacement of animals. A successful prophylactic vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus should elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. In a previous report we evaluated the effectiveness of a live vaccine to protect heifers against challenge with a virulent strain. In the present study the immunological response of heifers after combined immunization schedule was investigated. In a first experimental trial, heifers were vaccinated with 3 subcutaneous doses of avirulent mutant S. aureus RC122 before calving and one intramammary dose (IMD) after calving. Antibodies concentration in blood, bactericidal effect of serum from vaccinated animals and lymphocyte proliferation was determined. The levels of total IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 in colostrum and the lymphocyte proliferation index were significantly higher in vaccinated respect to non-vaccinated group throughout the experiment. The second trial, where animals were inoculated with different vaccination schedules, was carried out to determine the effect of the IMD on the level of antibodies in blood and milk, cytokines (IL-13 and IFN-Îł) concentration and milk's SCC and bacteriology. The bacterial growth of the S. aureus strains was totally inhibited at 1–3 × 106 and 1–3 × 103 cfu/ml, when the strains were mixed with pooled serum diluted 1/40. The results shown that IMD has not a significant effect on the features determinate. In conclusion, a vaccination schedule involving three SC doses before calving would be enough to stimulate antibodies production in milk without an IMD. Furthermore, the results showed a bactericidal effect of serum from vaccinated animals and this provides further evidence about serum functionality. Immune responses, humoral (antigen-specific antibodies and Th2 type cytokines) and cellular (T-lymphocyte proliferation responses and Th1 type cytokines), were augmented by administration of the avirulent mutant which represent an antigenic pool.Fil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Nancy. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂa Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Vivas, A.. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de AnatomĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Giraudo, Jose Angel. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin
Bovine mastitis prevention: Humoral and cellular response of dairy cows inoculated with lactic acid bacteria at the dry-off period
The use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in animal feed, constitute an alternative tool for bovine mastitis prevention. Previously, two LAB strains were isolated from bovine milk and selected for their probiotics properties. So far, immune response of inoculating LAB in bovine udders at dry-off period has not been investigated. The immunoglobulin isotype levels and memory cell proliferation in blood and milk of animals inoculated with Lactobacillus lactis subsp. lactis CRL1655 and Lactobacillus perolens CRL1724 at dry-off period was studied. Ten animals were inoculated intramammarily with 106 cells of each LAB (IG) and 2 animals used as control (NIG). Milk and blood samples were taken before inoculation and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h and 7 and 14 days after inoculation. Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk, the presence of bovine mastitis pathogens, the levels of antibodies and lymphocyte proliferation were determined. In the IG, the SCC was < 250,000 cells/ml up to 4 h after intramammary inoculation. Six and 12 h after inoculation, the SCC increased up to 600,000 and 2,000,000 cells/ml, respectively. In the NIG, the SCC reached the maximum value 7 days after inoculation. Microbiological analysis showed that all samples were negative for major bovine mastitis pathogens after 24-48 h of incubation. In general, LAB inoculation increased the amount of IgG isotypes in blood and milk, and these antibodies were able to recognise Staphylococcus aureus epitopes. Lymphocytes proliferation was significantly higher in the IG at all time points assayed, following LAB or S. aureus stimulation. The lymphocytes of animals inoculated with LAB do not react in vitro to the presence of S. aureus antigen.. The results showed that probiotic microorganisms could be a natural and effective alternative in the prevention of bovine mastitis at dry-off period and act as immunomodulatory stimulating local and systemic defence lines.Fil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Berardo, Natanael. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Giraudo, Jose Angel. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto; Argentin
Molecular characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from raw cow milk in Argentina: Molecular typing of A. fumigatus from raw cow milk
Aspergillus fumigatus, the major etiological agent of human and animal aspergillosis, is a gliotoxinogenic species into section Fumigati commonly found in contaminated animal environments. In dairy herds, exposed areas of lactating cows, as mammalian glandule, can be easily contaminated by them. This study was aimed to identify A. fumigatus sensu lato strains (identified based on morphology) isolated from raw cow milk at species level, by morphological and molecular techniques, and to estimate their genetic variability. Forty-five A. fumigatus strains showed similar RAPD profiles (generated with PELF and URP1F primers) to each other and to A. fumigatus sensu stricto reference strains; also, they were almost identical to clinical human and feed-borne A. fumigatus strains included in the assay, since their similarity coefficient ranged from 0.7 to 1.00. Therefore, all strains were characterized as belonging to A. fumigatus sensu stricto species. This result was supported by sequencing the benA gene of selected strains and by maximum parsimony analysis. In addition, RAPD fingerprinting demonstrated intra-specific genetic variability into the A. fumigatus sensu stricto cluster. The results found in this study strengthen the fact that A. fumigatus sensu stricto is the predominant species in the Aspergillus section Fumigati found in animal environments such as dairy herd environments, while other species such as A. novofumigatus, A. fumigatiaffinis, A. udagawae and A. lentulus may be rarely isolated. Since no differences between animal and human strains were observed they can become pathogenic also for farm handlers’. Moreover, the presence of A. fumigatus sensu stricto in raw cow milk is probably a very important risk factor since milk and its by-products are generally indented for human consumption, then gliotoxin could be transferred to them.Fil: Pena, Gabriela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Veronica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Velasco Manini, Marina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Cavaglieri, Lilia ReneĂ©. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin
Intramammary inoculation with lactic acid bacteria at dry-off triggers an immunomodulatory response in dairy cows
The use of antibiotics to prevent bovine mastitis is responsible for the emergence and selection of resistant strains. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could be introduced into animal feed as an alternative prevention method that would bypass the risk of resistance development. In previous research, we demonstrated that two probiotic LAB strains isolated from bovine milk were capable of stimulating the production of antibodies and the host’s immune cellular response in the udder. The present study aimed to elucidate whether the antibodies of animals inoculated with these strains were able to increase phagocytosis by neutrophils and inhibit the growth of different mastitis-causing pathogens. Moreover, the effect of LAB on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was assessed. Ten animals were inoculated intramammarily with 106 cells of the two strains at dry-off. The blood serum was tested for its ability to opsonize bovine mastitis pathogens, the in vitro bactericidal activity of bovine blood and milk against these pathogens was determined, and cytokine mRNA expression was quantified in milk somatic cells. The inoculated animals did not show abnormal signs of sensitivity to the LAB. Their blood serum significantly enhanced the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus spp. and the LAB. Escherichia coli and Streptococcus uberis were inhibited by the milk serum but not the blood serum, whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were inhibited by both. In regard to cytokine expression, interleukin (IL)-1β increased markedly for up to 4 h post-inoculation, and an increase in IL-8 was observed 4, 12 and 24 h after inoculation. Tumour necrosis factor-α mRNA increased 1 and 2 h after inoculation and a significant difference was registered at 6 h for interferon-Îł. This rapid immunomodulatory response shows that inoculating animals with LAB at dry-off, when they are especially susceptible, could be a useful strategy for the prevention of bovine mastitis.Fil: Berardo, Natanael. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bohl, Luciana Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa MarĂa. Universidad Nacional de Villa MarĂa. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa MarĂa; ArgentinaFil: Porporatto, Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa MarĂa. Universidad Nacional de Villa MarĂa. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa MarĂa; ArgentinaFil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias.; Argentin
Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis CRL1655 and Schleiferilactobacillus perolens CRL1724 inhibit the adherence of common bovine mastitis pathogens to mammary gland cells, without causing histological changes in the mammary gland
The present work assessed the ability of two selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains (Schleiferilactobacillus perolens CRL1724 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CRL1655) to inhibit the adherence of bovine mastitis pathogens to mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) and their effects (if any) on the structure of the gland after intramammary inoculation at dry-off. Methods and Results: Established bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) were used to assess the LAB strains´ ability to inhibit the adherence of bovine mastitis pathogens. Monolayers of MAC-T cells were co-cultured with the LABs and then individual pathogen was added. Both strains prevented the adherence of S. aureus RC108, S. chromogenes, S. uberis UT102 and E. coli ATCC 35218. Adherence of the latter two pathogens was inhibited most strongly in vitro. To evaluate the effect of the LAB on the structure of the bovine udders, quarters were intramammary inoculated with the LAB mixture at dry-off. After slaughtering, the teats were dissected and histopathologically analysed. No modifications were identified post-inoculation in the structure of the epithelial, subepithelial and connective tissues of the mammary gland. Conclusions: Probiotic strains L. lactis subsp lactis CRL1655 and S. perolens CRL1724 were both able to inhibit the adherence of a number of bovine mastitis pathogens in vitro, and that the intramammary inoculation of these strains at the established dose and concentration did not cause significant alterations in the mammary epithelium nor had undesirable effects on tissues, and may therefore be considered harmless. Significance and Impact of Study: The promising findings demonstrated in this work support the potential of probiotic micro-organisms as a natural and effective alternative to prevent bovine mastitis during the dry-off period.Fil: Berardo, Natanael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Giraudo, Jose Angel. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Magnano, Gabriel Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin
In vitro characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from bovine milk as potential probiotic strains to prevent bovine mastitis
Bovine mastitis causes economic losses on dairy farms worldwide. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in animal health are an alternative tool to avoid antibiotic therapy on the prevention of bovine mastitis. In previous studies, 12 LAB isolated from bovine milk were selected taking into account some of the following characteristics: hydrophobicity, auto aggregative capability, inhibition of indicator pathogens, hydrogen peroxide, and capsular polysaccharide production. These LAB were considered because of their beneficial properties. In this work, we also analyzed the antimicrobial activity and the co-aggregation against mastitis causing bacteria, auto-inhibition, adhesion to bovine teat canal epithelial cells (BTCEC), and growth kinetic curves for the 12 LAB. Two of them, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CRL 1655 and Lactobacillus perolens CRL 1724, were selected because they had an interesting pattern of adhesion to BTEC, the inhibition of pathogens and the co-aggregation with the 100% of the assayed pathogens. They showed a predictable difference in the PFGE genomic pattern bands. The kinetic growth of these two strains was similar between them and with the rest of the assayed LAB. The strains selected in the present study showed indispensable characteristics for their inclusion in a probiotic formulation to be used at dry-off period for the prevention of bovine mastitis.Fil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Frola, Ignacio Daniel. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Berardo, Natanael. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Gobelli, Dino Joaquin. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin
Gliotoxinogenic Aspergillus fumigatus in the dairy herd environment
The potential association between hygienic conditions in the environment of lactating cows and the presence of gliotoxinogenic Aspergillus fumigatus strains was studied. Milk samples (individual cow’s milk [ICM], bulk tank milk [BTM]) from 44 dairy farms were sampled. In ICM samples, eight different species of Aspergillus were identified. A. flavus and A. fumigatus were predominant, with 37.8 % and 26.1 % relative densities, respectively. A. fumigatus strains were isolated from 61.4 % of the BTM samples, and 34 % of these strains were able to produce gliotoxin. Principal component analysis was used to associate the presence of A. fumigatus with some hygienic and sanitary practices. A significant and positive correlation was observed between dry cow therapy and forestripping. The presence of A. fumigatus gliotoxin producers in milk was associated with high somatic cells count (SCC) samples. Good hygienic and sanitary practices were associated with absence of A. fumigatus and relatively low SCCs of <250,000 cells/ml. In general, a high percentage of dairy farms were positive for A. fumigatus in BTM samples. This is the first work that indicates the positive effects of adequate hygienic and sanitary practices in dairy herds on the control of A. fumigatus and related species. By reducing the frequency of Aspergillus spp. in the dairy environment, the risk of farm handlers’ exposure and the risk of intramammary fungal infections would also be reduced.Fil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Veronica Andrea. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vissio, Claudina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Larriestra, Alejandro Jose. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Chiacchiera, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂmica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Cavaglieri, Lilia ReneĂ©. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentin
Histological examination of non-lactating bovine udders inoculated with Lactobacillus perolens CRL 1724
The effect of intramammary inoculation of Lactobacillus perolens CRL 1724 on bovine udders at drying off was evaluated through histological examination of the canal and cistern tissues. The persistence of the strain in the udder 7 d post inoculation was also determined. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 was recovered from all mammary quarters and no clinical signs or teat damage were observed after inoculation of 106 cfu/ml. The udders showed a normal structural aspect and there were no modifications of the milk appearance. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 cells were evidenced on the surface of the epithelial cells of the cistern without causing any morphological modifications or cell alterations. Lb. perolens CRL 1724 produces a mild inflammatory reaction, characterized by recruitment of neutrophils to the epithelial zone and a slight hyperaemia into blood vessels. This preliminary study provides important information for further studies directed towards the inclusion of Lb. perolens CRL 1724 in the design of probiotic products for preventing bovine mastitis in non-lactating dairy cows.Fil: Frola, Ignacio Daniel. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Magnano, Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Giraudo, Jose Angel. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Espeche, Maria Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Nader, Maria Elena Fatima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin
Pathogenesis and inflammatory response in experimental caprine mastitis due to Staphylococcus chromogenes
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are the most frequently isolated bacteria in cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. CNS species may differ in their pathogenicity, but very little is known about their virulence factors or their immune response in intramammary infections. To our knowledge, no experimental studies into the mastitis pathogenesis caused by CNS have been described in lactating goats. The aim of this study was to induce an experimentally Staphylococcus chromogenes mastitis in lactating goats aimed at verifying if the model can be used to evaluate the inflammatory response, the dynamics of infection and the pathological findings within the first hours of intramammary inoculation. Six Saanen goats in mid-lactation were inoculated with 1Ă—107 colony forming units of S. chromogenes. Bacterial growth peaked in milk from the challenged right halves of the mammary glands (RMG) at 4 h post inoculation (PI). Shedding of viable bacteria showed a marked decrease at 12 h PI. An increase in mean somatic cell counts was observed in the milk samples from 8 h PI onwards. Mild clinical signs were evoked by intramammary inoculation. Staphylococcus chromogenes could be isolated in tissue from all RMG. Histological examination of specimens of the RMG and lymph nodes of the goats showed an increased inflammatory response throughout the experiment with respect to control halves. In conclusion, the experimental inoculation of S. chromogenes in lactating goats is capable of eliciting an inflammatory response and capable of causing pathological changes. This research represents a preliminary study for a better knowledge of the mastitis pathogenesis caused by S. chromogenes.Fil: Lasagno, Mirta Cristina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, M.. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Vissio, Claudina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Yaciuk, Raul Ernesto. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de PatologĂa Animal; ArgentinaFil: Bonetto, C.. Universidad Nacional de Villa MarĂa; ArgentinaFil: Pellegrino, Matias Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Bogni, Cristina Ines. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Odierno, Liliana MĂłnica. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Raspanti, Claudia Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FisicoquĂmicas y Naturales. Departamento de MicrobiologĂa e InmunologĂa; Argentin